The optimal surgical resection approach for T2 gallbladder carcinoma: evaluating the role of surgical extent according to the tumor location.

Purpose: The clinical behavior of T2 gallbladder cancer varies among patients. The aims of this study were to identify prognostic factors for survival and recurrence, and to determine the optimal surgical strategy for T2 gallbladder cancer.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 78 patients with T2 gallbladder cancer who underwent surgical resection for gallbladder cancer.

Rev-erbα dynamically modulates chromatin looping to control circadian gene transcription.

Mammalian physiology exhibits 24-hour cyclicity due to circadian rhythms of gene expression controlled by transcription factors that constitute molecular clocks. Core clock transcription factors bind to the genome at enhancer sequences to regulate circadian gene expression, but not all binding sites are equally functional. We found that in mice, circadian gene expression in the liver is controlled by rhythmic chromatin interactions between enhancers and promoters.

Routine angiographic follow-up versus clinical follow-up in patients with diabetes following percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents in Korean population.

Aims: The usefulness of routine angiographic follow-up (RAF) and clinical follow-up (CF) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with diabetes is not well understood. We compare 3-year clinical outcomes of RAF and CF in diabetic patients underwent PCI with drug-eluting stents (DES).

Methods: A total of 843 patients with diabetes who underwent PCI with DES were enrolled.

Small heterodimer partner deficiency exacerbates binge drinking‑induced liver injury via modulation of natural killer T cell and neutrophil infiltration.

Binge drinking among alcohol consumers is a common occurrence, and may result in the development of numerous diseases, including liver disorders. It has previously been reported that natural killer T (NKT) cells induce alcohol‑associated liver injury by promoting neutrophil infiltration. In the present study, the role of the orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP), which is encoded by the NR0B2 gene, in acute binge drinking‑induced liver injury was investigated.

Effects of genetic variants on platelet reactivity and one-year clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention: A prospective multicentre registry study.

Clopidogrel is the mainstay for antiplatelet treatment after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The relationship of platelet reactivity and genetic polymorphism with clinical outcomes with newer-generation drug-eluting stents is unclear. We analysed 4,587 patients for the most powerful single-nucleotide polymorphisms (CYP2C19, CYP2C9, ABCB1, PON1, and P2Y12) related to on-treatment platelet reactivity (OPR).

ameliorates atherosclerosis through downregulation of aortic inflammatory responses in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

(SA), a summer annual vine originating from Northeastern USA, is a widely distributed noxious invasive plant. However, the clinical application of SA has not been investigated previously. The purpose of present study was to determine the effects of SA on atherosclerosis and its underlying mechanism.

High-Mobility and Hysteresis-Free Flexible Oxide Thin-Film Transistors and Circuits by Using Bilayer Sol-Gel Gate Dielectrics.

In this paper, we demonstrate high-performance and hysteresis-free solution-processed indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) and high-frequency-operating seven-stage ring oscillators using a low-temperature photochemically activated AlO/ZrO bilayer gate dielectric. It was found that the IGZO TFTs with single-layer gate dielectrics such as AlO, ZrO, or sodium-doped AlO exhibited large hysteresis, low field-effect mobility, or unstable device operation owing to the interfacial/bulk trap states, insufficient band offset, or a substantial number of mobile ions present in the gate dielectric layer, respectively. To resolve these issues and to explain the underlying physical mechanisms, a series of electrical analyses for various single- and bilayer gate dielectrics was carried out.

Hepatocyte toll-like receptor 4 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced hepcidin expression.

Hepcidin expression is induced by inflammatory molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via a macrophage-mediated pathway. Although hepatocytes directly respond to LPS, the molecular mechanism underlying toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent hepcidin expression by hepatocytes is mostly unknown. Here we show that LPS can directly induce the mRNA expression and secretion of hepcidin by hepatocytes via TLR4 activation.

Recent Progress of Textile-Based Wearable Electronics: A Comprehensive Review of Materials, Devices, and Applications.

Wearable electronics are emerging as a platform for next-generation, human-friendly, electronic devices. A new class of devices with various functionality and amenability for the human body is essential. These new conceptual devices are likely to be a set of various functional devices such as displays, sensors, batteries, etc.

Impact of Trimetazidine Treatment on 5-year Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Significant Coronary Artery Spasm: A Propensity Score Matching Study.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the additive benefit of trimetazidine with well-known antispasmodic agents such as calcium channel blockers and nitrate in patients with significant coronary artery spasm (CAS) as assessed by acetylcholine provocation test up to 5 years.

Methods: A total 1727 patients with significant CAS were enrolled. They were divided into two groups: a trimetazidine group (trimetazidine, diltiazem, and nitrate, n = 695), and control group (diltiazem and nitrate, n = 473).

Safety of six-month dual antiplatelet therapy after second-generation drug-eluting stent implantation: OPTIMA-C Randomised Clinical Trial and OCT Substudy.

Aims: There are few randomised studies concerning the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for patients who receive a second-generation drug-eluting stent (DES). This trial aimed to investigate the safety of six-month compared with 12-month DAPT maintenance after second-generation DES implantation.

Methods And Results: A prospective, randomised, multicentre trial was performed at 10 medical centres.

Wide-spectral/dynamic-range skin-compatible phototransistors enabled by floated heterojunction structures with surface functionalized SWCNTs and amorphous oxide semiconductors.

Purified semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWCNTs) have been researched for optoelectronic applications due to their high absorption coefficient from the visible to even the near-infrared (NIR) region. Nevertheless, the insufficient electrical characteristics and incompatibility with conventional CMOS processing have limited their wide utilization in this emerging field. Here, we demonstrate highly detective and wide spectral/dynamic range phototransistors incorporating floated heterojunction active layers which are composed of low-temperature sol-gel processed n-type amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) stacked with a purified p-type sc-SWCNT layer.

Metformin Inhibits the Development of L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in a Murine Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Metformin is a medication that is widely prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes. In addition to its anti-diabetic uses, metformin has been proposed as a therapeutically effective drug candidate in various central nervous system disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is characterized by severe movement defects and is commonly treated with the dopamine (DA) precursor 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (L-DOPA).

Five-year major clinical outcomes according to severity of coronary artery spasm as assessed by intracoronary acetylcholine provocation test.

Background: Long-term clinical outcome data according to severity of coronary artery spasm (CAS) as assessed by an intracoronary acetylcholine provocation test are limited in series of Asian patients.

Aim: To investigate 5-year clinical outcomes in patients with CAS according to CAS severity.

Methods: In total, 5873 consecutive patients with insignificant coronary artery disease (<70% fixed stenosis) who underwent an acetylcholine provocation test were enrolled and divided into four groups according to CAS severity during the acetylcholine provocation test: negative, borderline positive, moderately positive and severely positive.

Three-Year Major Clinical Outcomes of Angiography-Guided Single Stenting Technique in Non-Complex Left Main Coronary Artery Diseases.

There is limited long-term comparative clinical outcome data concerning angiography- versus intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in non-complex left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease treated with the single stenting technique in the drug-eluting stent (DES) era.The aim of this study was to investigate whether angiography-guided stenting is comparable to IVUS-guided stenting during 3-year clinical follow-up periods in patients with non-complex LM disease treated with the single stenting technique.A total of 196 patients treated with either angiography-guided (n = 74) or IVUS-guided (n = 122) PCI were included.

Effect of Adjunct Balloon Dilation after Long Everolimus-eluting Stent Deployment on Major Adverse Cardiac Events.

Background And Objectives: The effectiveness of adjunct balloon dilation after drug-eluting stent (DES) deployment has not been sufficiently evaluated. We evaluated whether adjunct balloon dilation was associated with a reduction in major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) after long everolimus-eluting stents (EESs) implantation.

Subjects And Methods: Drawing from 2 randomized trials, a total of 1,672 patients treated with long EES were analyzed.

Ultralow-Temperature Solution-Processed Aluminum Oxide Dielectrics via Local Structure Control of Nanoclusters.

Oxide dielectric materials play a key role in a wide range of high-performance solid-state electronics from semiconductor devices to emerging wearable and soft bioelectronic devices. Although several previous advances are noteworthy, their typical processing temperature still far exceeds the thermal limitations of soft materials, impeding their wide utilization in these emerging fields. Here, we report an innovative route to form highly reliable aluminum oxide dielectric films using an ultralow-temperature (<60 °C) solution process with a class of oxide nanocluster precursors.

Prevalence of Respiratory Viral Infections in Korean Adult Asthmatics With Acute Exacerbations: Comparison With Those With Stable State.

Purpose: Viral infections are involved in ~50% of exacerbations among Caucasian adult asthmatics. However, there have been few reports on the causative virus of exacerbations in Korean adult asthmatics. Thus, we compared frequencies and types of viruses between lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRTIs) with exacerbations (exacerbated LRTIs) and those without exacerbations (stable LRTIs) to evaluate contribution of respiratory viruses to exacerbations.

Clinical Characteristics of Exacerbation-Prone Adult Asthmatics Identified by Cluster Analysis.

Purpose: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by various types of airway inflammation and obstruction. Therefore, it is classified into several subphenotypes, such as early-onset atopic, obese non-eosinophilic, benign, and eosinophilic asthma, using cluster analysis. A number of asthmatics frequently experience exacerbation over a long-term follow-up period, but the exacerbation-prone subphenotype has rarely been evaluated by cluster analysis.

The activation of NLRP3-inflammsome by stimulation of diesel exhaust particles in lung tissues from emphysema model and RAW 264.7 cell line.

Background/aims: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) lead to elevation of reactive oxygen species, which can activate the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family members containing the pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3)-inf lammasome. In this study, we elucidated whether NLRP3 -inf lammasome is activated by DEPs and whether antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine [NAC]) could inhibit such activation.

Methods: RAW 264.

Association of Inter-Arm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference with Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease Burden Using Calcium Scoring.

Purpose: There are no sufficient data on the correlation between inter-arm blood pressure (BP) difference and coronary atherosclerosis found using coronary artery calcium score (CACS). We aimed to investigate if the increased difference in inter-arm BP is independently associated with severity of CACS.

Materials And Methods: Patients who had ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors or an intermediate Framingham Risk Score (FRS; ≥10) were enrolled.

Frequency-Stable Ionic-Type Hybrid Gate Dielectrics for High Mobility Solution-Processed Metal-Oxide Thin-Film Transistors.

In this paper, we demonstrate high mobility solution-processed metal-oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) by using a high-frequency-stable ionic-type hybrid gate dielectric (HGD). The HGD gate dielectric, a blend of sol-gel aluminum oxide (AlO) and poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP), exhibited high dielectric constant (ε~8.15) and high-frequency-stable characteristics (1 MHz).

Static and Dynamic Water Motion-Induced Instability in Oxide Thin-Film Transistors and Its Suppression by Using Low-k Fluoropolymer Passivation.

Here, we report static and dynamic water motion-induced instability in indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) and its effective suppression with the use of a simple, solution-processed low-k (ε ∼ 1.9) fluoroplastic resin (FPR) passivation layer. The liquid-contact electrification effect, in which an undesirable drain current modulation is induced by a dynamic motion of a charged liquid such as water, can cause a significant instability in IGZO TFTs.