Functional yacon juice fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum QS7T: Chemical composition, flavor volatiles, and gut microbiota modulation.

To prepare functional yacon juice, this study investigates the optimal fermentation duration, shelf-life, chemical composition, and flavor volatiles of yacon juice fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum QS7T capable of utilizing fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), along with its effects on gut microbiota. The optimal fermentation period was determined as 30 h, resulting in essential parameters: 3.46 g L for total acids and a viable lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count of 2.

Effects of pits of different ages on ethyl acetate and its metabolism-related microorganisms during strong-flavor Baijiu fermentation.

The esters are the most important flavor components in Baijiu as their species and content decide the style of Baijiu. During the formation of esters, pits play important roles. In this study, the main esters and their related microorganisms in different years of pits (5, 35 and 100 years) of strong-flavor Baijiu were comprehensively researched by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and amplicon sequencing.

In Situ Analysis of Plant Tissue Using Arc iKnife Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

This study developed a portable arc iKnife ionization mass spectrometry (AII-MS) technique integrating a surgical knife with low-temperature arc plasma to interact with plant tissues. The thermal energy from the arc plasma induces the sputtering of water-containing plant tissues, leading to the formation of aerosols. These aerosols are then charged by plasma-generated ions, producing charged microdroplets that are ultimately detected by a mass spectrometer.

Chitinase-3-like Protein 1 Reduces the Stability of Atherosclerotic Plaque via Impairing Macrophagic Efferocytosis.

CHI3L1 is strongly associated with atherosclerosis, but its role in macrophages remains unknown. In this study, we observed a significant up-regulation of CHI3L1 in both carotid plaques and serum of symptomatic patients, and demonstrated that CHI3L1 impairs the efferocytosis of macrophages by down-regulating crucial efferocytic mediator MFGE8 through inhibiting ATF2, which binds directly to the enhancer of MFGE8. In human plaques, we observed a negative correlation between CHI3L1 expression and both ATF2 and MFGE8 levels, further proved their involvement in plaque destabilization.

Dissecting Interactions of and to Shape Kiwifruit Wine Flavor.

Mixed fermentation with and has been shown to enhance wine aroma, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Monoculture of , monoculture of , and mixed culture of and were conducted, and the study analyzed and compared the biomass, flavor profile, and transcriptome responses of the three groups. Both yeast species exhibited growth inhibition in mixed culture, especially .

Loss of Fbxo45 in AT2 cells leads to insufficient histone supply and initiates lung adenocarcinoma.

Dysregulation of histone supply is implicated in various cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that knockout of Fbxo45 in mouse alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells leads to spontaneous LUAD. Our findings reveal that FBXO45 is a novel cell-cycle-regulated protein that is degraded upon phosphorylation by CDK1 during the S/G2 phase.

Omnidirectional path loss model for non-line-of-sight ultraviolet communications.

To analyze the channel characteristics in omnidirectional reception scenarios for non-line-of-sight ultraviolet (UV) communication, we derive expressions for the reception direction distribution based on the incident photons at the receiver and propose an omnidirectional reception path loss (PL) channel model based on the Monte Carlo (MC) method. Furthermore, we validate the proposed omnidirectional model by comparing it with the existing MC numerical model that traverses all reception directions. Results indicate that the average computation time of the proposed omnidirectional PL model is less than 0.

Synergistic and simultaneous removal of heavy metal ions over waste bamboo shoot particles encapsulated carboxymethyl cellulose/gelatin composite hydrogel.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrogels are commonly used for heavy metal removal due to their abundant hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. However, pristine CMC hydrogels always suffer from low gel strength and limited adsorption properties in large-scale applications. In this study, to improve the gel strength and heavy metal ions removal capacity, fish gelatin and bamboo shoot particle (BSP) were introduced to CMC hydrogels, respectively.

A novel electrochemical sensor with NiSx@MoS2 composite for efficient NO2- sensing.

Excess nitrites are potentially threatening to human health, so it is urgent to develop accurate and sensitive methods. The development of sensors can provide early warning of possible hazards and alert people to protect public health. This work presents an NiS@MoS-composite with excellent electrochemical activity, representing a key finding for highly sensitive NO detection and sensor development.

Effect of Different Drying Techniques on the Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Ability, Sensory and Volatile Flavor Compounds of Mulberry.

Mulberry perishes easily due to its high water content and thin skin. It is important to extend the shelf life of mulberry by proper processing methods. In the present study, the influence of three drying techniques, including hot air drying (HAD), vacuum drying (VD), and vacuum freeze-drying (VFD) on the quality maintenance of mulberry was comprehensively evaluated.

Autocrine VEGF-B signaling maintains lipid synthesis and mitochondrial fitness to support T cell immune responses.

T cells rewire their metabolic activities to meet the demand of immune responses, but how to coordinate the immune response by metabolic regulators in activated T cells is unknown. Here, we identified autocrine VEGF-B as a metabolic regulator to control lipid synthesis and maintain the integrity of the mitochondrial inner membrane for the survival of activated T cells. Disruption of autocrine VEGF-B signaling in T cells reduced cardiolipin mass, resulting in mitochondrial damage, with increased apoptosis and reduced memory development.

DTG + 3TC dual therapy for the treatment Naïve patients with viral load exceeding 500,000 copies/mL: a retrospective study.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV management, with various regimens available. Dolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (3TC) dual therapy is now the one of the first line regimens.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study included treatment naïve people living with HIV (PLWH) with baseline HIV RNA viral load (VL) greater than 500,000 copies/mL from March 2020 to June 2022.

MiR-127-3p enhances macrophagic proliferation via disturbing fatty acid profiles and oxidative phosphorylation in atherosclerosis.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic pathology, leading to acute coronary heart disease or stroke. MiR-127 has been found significantly upregulated in advanced atherosclerosis. But its function in atherosclerosis remains unexplored.

Increasing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing efficiency in T7 phage by reducing the escape rate based on insight into the survival mechanism.

Bacteriophages have been used across various fields, and the utilization of CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing technology can accelerate the research and applications of bacteriophages. However, some bacteriophages can escape from the cleavage of Cas protein, such as Cas9, and decrease the efficiency of genome editing. This study focuses on the bacteriophage T7, which is widely utilized but whose mechanism of evading the cleavage of CRISPR/Cas9 has not been elucidated.

Unraveling the Dynamic Molecular Motions of a Twin-Cavity Cage with Slow Configurational but Rapid Conformational Interconversions.

Featuring diverse structural motions/changes, dynamic molecular systems hold promise for executing complex tasks. However, their structural complexity presents formidable challenge in elucidating their kinetics, especially when multiple structural motions are intercorrelated. We herein introduce a twin-cavity cage that features interconvertible C- and C-configurations, with each configuration exhibiting interchangeable P- and M-conformations.

Efficacy of dolutegravir + lamivudine q.d. with food in people with TB/HIV using a rifampicin-based regimen: A retrospective observational case series.

Objectives: Dolutegravir + lamivudine (DTG + 3TC) is a first-line regimen for people with HIV. However, there are still concerns about its efficacy in people with tuberculosis (TB)/HIV due to the lack of available evidence and drug-drug interaction with rifampicin.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective observational case series was conducted in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.

Stainless Steel Activation for Efficient Alkaline Oxygen Evolution in Advanced Electrolyzers.

Designing robust and cost-effective electrocatalysts for efficient alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great significance in the field of water electrolysis. In this study, an electrochemical strategy to activate stainless steel (SS) electrodes for efficient OER is introduced. By cycling the SS electrode within a potential window that encompasses the Fe(II)↔Fe(III) process, its OER activity can be enhanced to a great extent compared to using a potential window that excludes this redox reaction, decreasing the overpotential at current density of 100 mA cm by 40 mV.

Sevoflurane causes cognitive impairment by inducing iron deficiency and inhibiting the proliferation of neural precursor cells in infant mice.

Aims: Numerous studies on animals have shown that exposure to general anesthetics in infant stage may cause neurocognitive impairment. However, the exact mechanism is not clear. The dysfunction of iron metabolism can cause neurodevelopmental disorders.

The improvement of -sorghum co-fermentation in terms of microbial diversity, functional ingredients, and volatile flavor components during Baijiu fermentation.

The quality of Baijiu was largely affected by raw materials, which determine the flavor and taste. In the present study, organic acids, polyphenols, volatile flavor components and microbial community in -sorghum co-fermented Baijiu (JP1) and pure sorghum-fermented Baijiu (JP2) were comprehensively analyzed. Organic acids, polyphenols and volatile flavor components in JP1 were more abundant than JP2.

Transmembrane serine protease 6, a novel target for inhibition of neuronal tumor growth.

Transmembrane serine protease 6 (Tmprss6) has been correlated with the occurrence and progression of tumors, but any specific molecular mechanism linking the enzyme to oncogenesis has remained elusive thus far. In the present study, we found that Tmprss6 markedly inhibited mouse neuroblastoma N2a (neuro-2a) cell proliferation and tumor growth in nude mice. Tmprss6 inhibits Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation by cleaving the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) co-receptor, hemojuvelin (HJV).

Efficient and accurate registration with BWPH descriptor for low-quality point clouds.

Point cloud registration based on local descriptors plays a crucial role in 3D computer vision applications. However, existing methods often suffer from limitations such as low accuracy, a large memory footprint, and slow speed, particularly when dealing with 3D point clouds from low-cost sensors. To overcome these challenges, we propose an efficient local descriptor called Binary Weighted Projection-point Height (BWPH) for point cloud registration.

Structural design of an improved SPIDER optical system based on a multimode interference coupler.

The Segmented Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-Optical Reconnaissance (SPIDER) is a small volume, lightweight, low energy consumption, and high-resolution system expected to replace traditional large aperture telescopes for long-distance detection. In this paper, an improved SPIDER system is proposed, which uses a multimode interference (MMI) coupler instead of an orthogonal detector, and successfully doubles the space spectrum coverage. We present a three-point configuring method to configure lenslets, calculate spatial spectrum values from the output currents obtained by MMI.

Ru-Cu Nanoheterostructures for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Water Electrolyzers.

Combining multiple species working in tandem for different hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) steps is an effective strategy to design HER electrocatalysts. Here, we engineered a hierarchical electrode for the HER composed of amorphous-TiO/Cu nanorods (NRs) decorated with cost-effective Ru-Cu nanoheterostructures (Ru mass loading = 52 μg/cm). Such an electrode exhibits a stable, over 250 h, low overpotential of 74 mV at -200 mA/cm for the HER in 1 M NaOH.