Dose-response relationship of blood flow restriction training on isometric muscle strength, maximum strength and lower limb extensor strength: A meta-analysis.

To perform a meta-analysis on the efficacy and dose-response relationship of blood flow restriction training on muscle strength reported worldwide. Thirty-four eligible articles with a total sample size of 549 participants were included in the meta-analysis. This study was performed using the method recommended by the Cochrane Handbook (https://training.

[Spatio-temporal Distribution Characteristics and Driving Factors of Zooplankton in Hongze Lake].

Hongze Lake is the fourth largest freshwater lake in China and is an important source of water for surrounding industrial and agricultural processes and fishery resources. Analyzing the changes in the zooplankton community structure in Hongze Lake can provide scientific support for the scientific management of its ecology and environment. A one-year monthly monitoring study was conducted from March 2017 to February 2018 to analyze the temporal and spatial changes in species composition, density, and biomass of zooplankton in Hongze Lake, as well as the seasonal changes in community diversity and dominant species.

Coseismic fault-slip distribution of the 2019 Ridgecrest Mw6.4 and Mw7.1 earthquakes.

The 2019 Ridgecrest, California seismic sequence, including an Mw6.4 foreshock and Mw7.1 mainshock, represent the largest regional seismic events within the past 20 years.

Targeted Blood Brain Barrier Opening With Focused Ultrasound Induces Focal Macrophage/Microglial Activation in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a model of multiple sclerosis (MS). EAE reflects important histopathological hallmarks, dissemination, and diversity of the disease, but has only moderate reproducibility of clinical and histopathological features. Focal lesions are less frequently observed in EAE than in MS, and can neither be constrained to specific locations nor timed to occur at a pre-specified moment.

Direct Activation of Cortical Neurons in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex of the Rat in Vivo Using Focused Ultrasound.

We address the recent controversy over whether focused ultrasound (FUS) activates cortical neurons directly or indirectly by initially activating auditory pathways. We obtained two types of evidence that FUS can directly activate cortical neurons. The depth profile of the local field potential (LFP) in the barrel cortex of the rat in vivo indicated a generator was located within the cortical gray matter.

Observed Effects of Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy on Focused Ultrasound Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption.

As focused ultrasound for blood-brain barrier disruption (FUS-BBBD) has progressed to human application, it has become necessary to consider the potential effects of prior irradiation treatments. Using a murine model, we examined the effects of whole-brain irradiation on FUS-BBBD. We first subjected half of the experimental cohort to daily 3-Gy whole-brain irradiation for 10 consecutive days.

MRI Monitoring and Quantification of Ultrasound-Mediated Delivery of Liposomes Dually Labeled with Gadolinium and Fluorophore through the Blood-Brain Barrier.

Magnetic resonance image-guided focused ultrasound has emerged as a viable non-invasive technique for the treatment of central nervous system-related diseases/disorders. Application of mechanical and thermal effects associated with focused transcranial ultrasound has been studied extensively in pre-clinical models, which has paved the way for clinical trials. However, in vivo treatment evaluation techniques on drug delivery application via blood-brain barrier opening has not been fully explored.

Clinical and imaging features of spinal cord type of neuro Behçet disease: A case report and systematic review.

Rational: To investigate the clinical and MRI characteristics of spinal cord nerve Behçet's disease.

Patient Concerns: One patient with spinal cord nerve Behçet's disease was admitted to our hospital at October 20, 2015.

Diagnose: Spinal cord nerve Behçet's disease.

Effects on P-Glycoprotein Expression after Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Using Focused Ultrasound and Microbubbles.

Many blood-borne substances attempting to pass through the luminal membrane of brain endothelial cells are acted upon by a variety of metabolizing enzymes or are actively expelled back into the capillary lumen by embedded efflux transporters, such as Permeability-glycoprotein (Pgp). Overexpression of this protein has also been linked to multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Previous studies have shown that focused ultrasound (FUS), when combined with a microbubble agent, has ability to temporarily disrupt blood-brain barrier (BBBD).

Evaluation of permeability, doxorubicin delivery, and drug retention in a rat brain tumor model after ultrasound-induced blood-tumor barrier disruption.

Drug delivery in brain tumors is challenging because of the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-tumor barrier (BTB). Focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with microbubbles can enhance the permeability of the BTB in brain tumors, as well as disrupting the BBB in the surrounding tissue. In this study, dynamic contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) was used to characterize FUS-induced permeability changes in a rat glioma model and in the normal brain and to investigate the relationship between these changes and the resulting concentration of the chemotherapy agent doxorubicin (DOX).

[Research Progress on Forensic Toxicology of Z-drugs].

The Z-drugs (zolpidem, zopiclone, and zaleplon), as the innovative hypnotics, have an improvement over the traditional benzodiazepines in the management of insomnia. Z-drugs have significant hypnotic effects by reducing sleep latency and improving sleep quality, though duration of sleep may not be significantly increased. As benzodiazepines, Z-drugs exert their effects through increasing the transmission of γ-aminobutyric acid.

Enhancement in blood-tumor barrier permeability and delivery of liposomal doxorubicin using focused ultrasound and microbubbles: evaluation during tumor progression in a rat glioma model.

Effective drug delivery to brain tumors is often challenging because of the heterogeneous permeability of the 'blood tumor barrier' (BTB) along with other factors such as increased interstitial pressure and drug efflux pumps. Focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with microbubbles can enhance the permeability of the BTB in brain tumors, as well as the blood-brain barrier in the surrounding tissue. In this study, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) was used to characterize the FUS-induced permeability changes of the BTB in a rat glioma model at different times after implantation.

Cavitation-enhanced MR-guided focused ultrasound ablation of rabbit tumors in vivo using phase shift nanoemulsions.

Advanced tumors are often inoperable due to their size and proximity to critical vascular structures. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been developed to non-invasively thermally ablate inoperable solid tumors. However, the clinical feasibility of HIFU ablation therapy has been limited by the long treatment times (on the order of hours) and high acoustic intensities required.

Nonthermal ablation with microbubble-enhanced focused ultrasound close to the optic tract without affecting nerve function.

Object: Tumors at the skull base are challenging for both resection and radiosurgery given the presence of critical adjacent structures, such as cranial nerves, blood vessels, and brainstem. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided thermal ablation via laser or other methods has been evaluated as a minimally invasive alternative to these techniques in the brain. Focused ultrasound (FUS) offers a noninvasive method of thermal ablation; however, skull heating limits currently available technology to ablation at regions distant from the skull bone.

Multiple treatments with liposomal doxorubicin and ultrasound-induced disruption of blood-tumor and blood-brain barriers improve outcomes in a rat glioma model.

The blood-brain-barrier (BBB) prevents the transport of most anticancer agents to the central nervous system and restricts delivery to infiltrating brain tumors. The heterogeneous vascular permeability in tumor vessels, along with several other factors, creates additional barriers for drug treatment of brain tumors. Focused ultrasound (FUS), when combined with circulating microbubbles, is an emerging noninvasive method to temporarily permeabilize the BBB and the "blood-tumor barrier".

Ultrasound-mediated blood-brain/blood-tumor barrier disruption improves outcomes with trastuzumab in a breast cancer brain metastasis model.

Trastuzumab has shown positive results in many patients with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer, but it is less effective for controlling metastases in the CNS, which remains a site of relapse. The poor prognosis for patients with brain metastases is thought to be largely due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that prevents delivery of most drugs to the CNS and to the heterogeneous and limited permeability of the blood-tumor barrier (BTB). Focused ultrasound (FUS) bursts combined with circulating microbubbles can temporarily permeabilize both the BBB and the BTB.

[Research on the carbon content of coal by LIBS].

A method is introduced about quantitative analysis of carbon in coal by LIBS (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy) in the present paper, and it introduces data optimization technology and method based on spectral data integration, normalization and data screening processing to overcome the poor quality of precision in the analysis because of laser source energy fluctuation, self-absorption, sample surface roughness etc. It is showed that the standard deviation (SD) is less than 1.6% using the method to analyze C element content in coal, and this method also can be used for other element analysis for coal.

[Theoretical analysis of the residual amplitude modulation of frequency modulation strong absorption spectroscopy].

The application of frequency modulation (FM) spectroscopy technology in the trace gas detection is greatly restricted by the residual amplitude modulation (RAM) which induced by the birefringence of the electro-optic modulator (EOM) and the misaligned linear polarization direction of laser to the EOM. Based on the interaction between the laser field and crystal, a line-shape expression of the FM spectroscopy with RAM is obtained. The angle between the polarization direction of input light and the principle axis of EOM, theta, the phase difference between the two principle axes of electro-optic crystal, delta phi, and the modulation index FM, beta, are the major factors to influence the lineshape.

[Analysis of software for identifying spectral line of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy based on LabVIEW].

Self-designed identifying software for LIBS spectral line was introduced. Being integrated with LabVIEW, the soft ware can smooth spectral lines and pick peaks. The second difference and threshold methods were employed.

[Research on parameters optimization of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy based experimental device].

For a better application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to coal quality analysis, it is necessary to optimize the key parameters of the experimental LIBS-based device. The relationships between the key parameters and the signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) of the elemental emission lines in the plasma spectrum of the pulverized coal were studied, according to which the optimal parameters can be selected. Experimental results indicate that the optimal settings for our LIBS-based device are laser pulse energy = 120 mJ x Pulse(-1), delay time of spectrometer = 200 ns, laser focal point be located 3-5 mm underneath the sample surface, rotation speed of sample cell = 2.

Preparative isolation and purification of hydroxyanthraquinones from Rheum tanguticum Maxim. on normal phase silica gel: using a Flash Master Personal system.

A flash chromatography method for preparative separation and purification of five hydroxyanthraquinones from the Chinese medicinal herb Rheum tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf. was developed by using Flash Master Personal(+) systems.

Brain arterioles show more active vesicular transport of blood-borne tracer molecules than capillaries and venules after focused ultrasound-evoked opening of the blood-brain barrier.

Previously, activation of vesicular transport in the brain microvasculature was shown to be one of the mechanisms of focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening. In the present study, we aimed to estimate the rate of the transendothelial vesicular traffic after focused ultrasound sonication in the rabbit brain, using ultrastructural morphometry and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a tracer. In the capillaries, the mean endothelial pinocytotic densities (the number of HRP-containing vesicles per microm(2) of the cell cytoplasm) were 0.