Oligo-FISH-Based Analysis of the Mechanisms Underlying Chromosome Number Variation in .

Interspecific hybridization serves as a crucial strategy for innovating sugarcane germplasms. Currently, nearly all modern sugarcane varieties that incorporate genetic material are derived from . The number of chromosomes in ranges from 40 to 128, contributing significantly to the diversity of its genetic resources.

Topologically reconfigurable room-temperature polariton condensates from bound states in the continuum in organic metasurfaces.

An exciton-polariton condensate is a state of matter with collective coherence leading to many fascinating macroscopic quantum effects. Recently, optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) have been demonstrated as peculiar topological states capable of imparting novel characteristics onto the polariton condensates. Organic semiconductors featuring robust Frenkel excitons and high physicochemical tunability potentially offer a promising platform to explore topologically engineering of BIC polariton condensates at room temperature.

MAPbBr Quantum Dots Encapsulated Within Lanthanide-MOFs for Time-Resolved Multicolor Dynamic Anticounterfeiting.

Multicolor dynamic optical materials exhibit significant potential in the realms of anticounterfeiting and information encryption, benefitting from their capacity for generating unpredictable optical information that changes over time. Herein, a novel approach is presented utilizing quantum-confinement effect of MAPbBr quantum dots (QDs) embedded within lanthanide-metal organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) for time-resolved multicolor dynamic anticounterfeiting applications. The dimensions of MAPbBr QDs undergo temporal variations during in situ growth, resulting in dynamic alterations in luminescent color due to the quantum-confinement effect.

Advancing Efficiency in Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation: Strategies and Applications.

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) has emerged as a promising technology for addressing global water scarcity by utilizing solar-thermal conversion and evaporation at the air/material/water interface. The exceptional performance of these systems has attracted significant interest; it is imperative to establish rigorous and scientific standards for evaluating effectiveness, optimizing system design, and ensuring efficient practical applications. In this Review, we propose consensus criteria for accurately assessing system performance and guiding future advancements.

Specific surface area changes and functional potential exploration of under ultrasonic frequency control.

This article explores the changes in the specific surface area of under the control of different ultrasonic frequencies, analyzes the changes in flavor substances of and explores its functional nutritional potential. The results show that within a certain range, the specific surface area and pore size increase with the increase of ultrasonic waves, which has a significant effect on the release of flavor substances of and also affects its ability to adsorb and release substances. Therefore, controlling the specific surface area and pore structure of by ultrasonic frequency can make more effectively absorb nutrients in the surrounding environment and improve its nutritional value and availability.

Energy Threshold of Nonlinear Sulfur Solubility for Li-S Batteries.

Unclear regulation mechanisms of solid solubility make it difficult to accurately control its concentration, posing challenges for accelerating chemical reactions. Herein, we use a model system to determine the effects of solvent type and ratio, concentration, and type of lithium salt on sulfur solubility. Our findings reveal a nonlinear relationship between sulfur solubility and both lithium salt concentration and the ratio of different solvents in composite solutions.

Systematic biotechnological production of isoprenoid analogs with bespoke carbon skeletons.

Natural products are widely used as pharmaceuticals, flavors, fragrances, and cosmetic ingredients. Synthesizing and evaluating analogs of natural products can considerably expand their applications. However, the chemical synthesis of analogs of natural products is severely hampered by their highly complex structures.

A strategy for enhancing Li-ion transport in quasi-solid polymer electrolytes using vinylene carbonate.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), which offer advantages in film processing and flexibility for property regulation, have emerged as a promising strategy for Li-metal anodes. However, low ionic conductivity and a low Li transference number are well-known challenges for SPEs. To address these issues, we propose a novel approach for constructing a quasi-solid polymer electrolyte (QSPE) based on the polyvinylidene difluoride and polyvinyl acetate (PVDF/PVAC) polymer, incorporating vinylene carbonate (VC).

Regulating Interfacial Wettability for Fast Mass Transfer in Rechargeable Metal-Based Batteries.

The interfacial wettability between electrodes and electrolytes could ensure sufficient physical contact and fast mass transfer at the gas-solid-liquid, solid-liquid, and solid-solid interfaces, which could improve the reaction kinetics and cycle stability of rechargeable metal-based batteries (RMBs). Herein, interfacial wettability engineering at multiphase interfaces is summarized from the electrolyte and electrode aspects to promote the interface reaction rate and durability of RMBs, which illustrates the revolution that is taking place in this field and thus provides inspiration for future developments in RMBs. Specifically, this review presents the principle of interfacial wettability at macro- and microscale and summarizes emerging applications concerning the interfacial wettability effect on mass transfer in RMBs.

Establishment and Application of Duplex Recombinase-Aided Amplification Combined with Lateral Flow Dipsticks for Rapid and Simultaneous Visual Detection of and in Milk.

and are significant and prevalent pathogens associated with bovine mastitis on dairy farms worldwide, resulting in severe infections in both dairy cows and, subsequently, human beings. Fast and dependable pathogen diagnostics are essential to minimize the effects of cow mastitis and human infections. The aim of this research was to develop a duplex recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) combined with the lateral flow dipstick (LFD) method, which was used for rapid, simultaneous detection of and .

Combining molecular characteristics and therapeutic analysis of PDOs predict clinical responses and guide PDAC personalized treatment.

Background: The emergence of targeted therapies and immunotherapy has broadened treatment options for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite this, traditional drug selection, predominantly relies on tumor markers and clinical staging, has underutilized these drugs due to ignoring patient genomic diversity. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) and corresponding patient-derived organoid xenograft (PDOX) models offer a way to better understand and address this.

Corrigendum: Taxifolin increased semen quality of Duroc boars by improving gut microbes and blood metabolites.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.

LRP8 inhibits bladder cancer cell ferroptosis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin-SCD1 positive feedback loop.

Background: Advanced bladder cancer (bc) patients often have poor prognoses due to issues such as recurrence and drug resistance. The discovery of ferroptosis has opened new avenues for bc treatment; however, the specific regulatory mechanisms remain to be explored. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms influencing ferroptosis in bc cells, with a particular focus on the role of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8).

FXYD5 regulates gastric cancer cell metastasis and drug resistance by EMT modulation.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality and the fourth most prevalent malignancy globally. The high prevalence and mortality rates of GC are attributed to various factors, including drug resistance, local recurrence, and distant metastases. There is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets for GC.

An Enzyme-Catalyzed Optical Fiber Optofluidic Laser Sensor for Cholesterol Detection Using Rhodamine B Hydrazide.

A method for the determination of cholesterol using rhodamine derivatives as chromogenic substrates was proposed in this study. The oxidation of rhodamine B hydrazide (RBH) by hydrogen peroxide (HO) was catalyzed by a peroxide-mimicking enzyme to produce the fluorescent product. The reaction was further combined with the oxidase system to achieve indirect determination of cholesterol concentration, which can be catalyzed by cholesterol oxidase to produce HO as an intermediate product.

Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits PANoptosis and promotes neurofunctional recovery of cerebral ischemic stroke in a Sirt1-dependent manner.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) can promote neurofunctional recovery following cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. PANoptosis, a novel form of inflammatory programmed cell death, may play a role in the progression of CIS. Our previous studies have indicated that Sirt1 exerts neuroprotection against CIS by modulating various programmed cell death pathways.

Surface and Interface Engineering of Electrospun Nanofibers for Heterogeneous Catalysts.

Surface and interface engineering of catalysts from atomic level to macroscale exhibit good performance in regulating conversion, selectivity, and stability. Electrospinning offers such multiscale flexibility in tuning surface and interface structures and compositions for the design of fiber catalysts. This review presents an overview on the surface and interface engineering of electrospun nanofibers for heterogeneous catalysts designing.

Identification of the key role of IL-17RB in the treatment of osteoarthritis with Shaoyao Gancao decoction: Verification based on RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (SGD) is a classic and representative oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine formula. It is composed of two Chinese herbal medicines, Paeoniae Radix Alba [Paeonia lactiflora Pall] and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The clinical study found SGD could effectively reduce clinical symptoms and improve the level of inflammation in osteoarthritis (OA) patients.

Mechanistic insights into electric field-enhanced methanation of lignite via microbial metabolic pathway optimization.

This study investigates the mechanistic insights into the enhancement of methane production from low-rank coal (lignite) through the application of electric fields. Experimental results demonstrate that an optimal electric field intensity of 1.6 V/cm significantly accelerates methane production, achieving a cumulative yield of 98.

Causal association between cerebral small vessel disease and epilepsy.

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is known to increase the risk of epilepsy, but the causal relationship between the two remains unclear. This study utilizes Mendelian Randomization (MR) to assess the genetic link between SVD and epilepsy, incorporating additional analyses including colocalization, gene-set, and pathway analysis to provide further evidence for shared mechanisms. We performed a two-sample MR study using 13 SNPs strongly associated with SVD as instrumental variables to assess their causal relationship with epilepsy.

Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 is important for mitochondrial functionality and non-small cell lung cancer cell growth.

Discovering new molecular targets for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is critically important. Enhanced mitochondrial function can promote NSCLC progression by enabling metabolic reprogramming, resistance to apoptosis, and increased cell proliferation. Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2), located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, is pivotal in regulating mitochondrial activities.

Conformational, physiochemical, and functional properties of quinoa protein isolate influenced by thermal treatment.

This study investigated the effect of various thermal treatments, including atmospheric boiling (AB), high-pressure boiling (HPB), and baking (B), on the conformational, physicochemical, and functional properties of quinoa protein isolate (QPI), as well as its in vitro digestibility. Thermal treatment resulted in QPI denaturation, unfolding, and more exposure of hydrophobic groups, which was reflected as the reduced content of α-helix and increased contents of β-sheet and β-turn. The reduced content of free sulfhydryl (SH) groups and total SH groups in thermally treated QPI also indicated that thermal treatment promoted QPI denaturation and unfolding.

Two-centers machine learning analysis for predicting acid-fast bacilli results in tuberculosis sputum tests.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic respiratory infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, typically diagnosed through sputum smear microscopy for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) to assess the infectivity of TB.

Methods: This study enrolled 769 patients, including 641 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University as the training group, and 128 patients from Guangxi Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University as the validation group. Among the training cohort, 107 patients were AFB-positive, and 534 were AFB-negative.

In Vivo Assessment of Plasma Gel: Regenerative Potential and Limitations as a Filler.

Background: Plasma gel, also known as plasma-rich in growth factors (PRGF) gel or platelet-rich gel, is a novel application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), created by heating platelet-poor plasma (PPP) to induce denaturation, forming a gel-like substance. This gel is then combined with PRP to create a new injectable biomaterial that offers both the regenerative benefits of PRP and structural support due to its gel-like consistency. Plasma gel has been increasingly used not only for its biological regenerative properties but also as a cosmetic filler to enhance tissue volume and improve skin aesthetics.

Associations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011-2018.

Background: As all kown, both hypovitaminosis D and insulin resistance (IR) have been linked to adiposity. However, the extent of adiposity's mediating influence on the hypovitaminosis D-IR relationship among adolescents remains to be elucidated. Additionally, the intricate effects of obesity and blood lipid profiles on IR are not yet fully understood.