Merging of Two Photoredox Cycles with One Perovskite Catalyst Achieving Dual Functionalization: N-Heterocyclization and Site-Selective Bromination of N-Arylamines.

Dual functionalization in organic synthesis represents a powerful strategy aimed at achieving multiple transformations within a single reaction cycle, thereby streamlining synthetic processes, enhancing efficiency, and imparting economic paths for complex molecules. Here, we report a heterogeneous perovskite nanocrystal (NC) photocatalytic system that can simultaneously drive two photoredox cycles in a single reaction. The dual process incorporates two distinct functional groups (N-heterocycles and bromines) into N-arylamines under the influence of a single catalyst (CsPbBr NCs), allowing for the concurrent formation of two distinct architectures of 3-bromo-N-arylindoles.

Single-Molecule Solvolysis Reaction Dynamics under Electrostatic Catalysis and Proton Tunneling.

A central goal of chemical mechanism research is to provide a comprehensive interpretation of chemical reaction pathways to clarify the evolution patterns of reactions. In this work, we present an unprecedented comprehensive monitoring of the elementary reaction pathways of the S1 solvolysis on an in situ real-time single-molecule electrical detection platform. Through precise control of oriented external electric fields, we capture two short-lived protonated intermediates at the single-molecule level and elucidate their roles in the reaction.

Optimizing selectivity via steering dominant reaction mechanisms in steam reforming of methanol for hydrogen production.

Enhancing selectivity towards specific products remains a pivotal challenge in energy catalysis. Herein, we present a strategy to refine selectivity via pathway optimization, exemplified by the rational design of catalysts for methanol steam reforming. Over traditional Pd/ZnO catalysts, the direct decomposition of key intermediates CHO* into CO and H on PdZn alloys competes with the oxidation of CHO* to CO, leading to inferior selectivity in product distribution.

Technology for sustainable living: The impact of digital inclusion on the health of China's elderly living alone.

Enhancing elderly health has become an important measure for coping with population ageing and building a healthy China. Among them, older adults living alone seem to suffer from greater loneliness and psychological stress. We analyzed data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2015, 2018, and 2020, and carried out an empirical investigation into the impact of digital inclusion on the health of elderly individuals living alone, using two-way fixed effects models and two-stage least squares.

A Reliable High-Performance Floating-Gate Transistor Based on ZrS Native Oxidation for Optoelectronic Synergistic Artificial Synapses.

Floating-gate transistors (FGTs), considered the most promising structure among three-terminal van der Waals (vdW) synaptic transistors, possess superiorities in improved data retention, excellent endurance properties, and multibit storage capacity, thereby overcoming the von Neumann bottleneck in conventional computing architectures. However, the dielectric layer in FGT devices typically depends on atomic layer deposition or mechanically transferred insulators, posing several challenges in terms of device compatibility, manufacturing complexity, and performance degradation. Therefore, it is crucial to discover dielectrics compatible with two-dimensional (2D) materials for further simplifying FGT structures and achieving optimal performance.

Senescent microglia: The hidden culprits accelerating Alzheimer's disease.

Ageing is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia, as the principal innate immune cells within the brain, exert homeostatic and active immunological defense functions throughout human lifespan. The age-related dysfunction of microglia is currently recognized as a pivotal trigger for brain diseases associated with aging.

NIR-II absorption and photothermal conversion in a photochromic metal-organic framework based on -2,2'-biquinoline-4,4'-dicarboxylate.

A BCA -coordinated MOF (1) was initially discovered to exhibit electron transfer photochromism. Remarkably, the photogenerated radicals (1P) showed a maximum absorption enhancement peak at 1158 nm, resulting from the synergistic effects of planar π-conjugation induced by -coordination and π-π interactions among [BCA]˙˙ radicals, thereby promoting the NIR-II photothermal effect.

Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of the First Imported Mpox Virus Clade Ib Variant in China.

Mpox, a zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus (MPXV), has seen a significant shift in its epidemiological status since 2022, evolving from an initial local outbreak to a global epidemic. This recent outbreak of MPXV mainly emerged in several European and American countries and subsequently spread to over 100 countries and regions worldwide. The rapid evolution of MPXV, coupled with increased international interactions, has led to a gradual rise in mpox cases in certain regions of Asia, mostly involving MPXV clade II and its branch strains.

Mechanism and Characterization of Bicomponent-Filler-Reinforced Natural Rubber Latex Composites: Experiment and Molecular Dynamics (MD).

The incorporation of reinforcing fillers into natural rubber latex (NR) to achieve superior elasticity and mechanical properties has been widely applied across various fields. However, the tendency of reinforcing fillers to agglomerate within NR limits their potential applications. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-silica (SiO)/NR composites were prepared using a solution blending method, aiming to enhance the performance of NR composites through the synergistic effects of dual-component fillers.

The effect of healthy eating index-2015 in the associations of biological aging and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an interaction and mediation analysis.

Background: The present study explored the association between biological aging (BA), healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the general population of the United States.

Methods: We used data from the NHANES database between 2017-2018 years to conduct the study. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analysis were performed to analyze the association of BA and HEI-2015 with prevalence of NAFLD and the mediation effect of HEI-2015 was also discussed.

Efficacy and safety of JMT103 in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors: A randomized Phase Ib clinical trial.

This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of three dosing regimens of JMT103 in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive JMT103 subcutaneously, 120 mg every 4 weeks (Cohort 1), 120 mg every 8 weeks (Cohort 2), or 180 mg every 8 weeks (Cohort 3) for up to 49 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to Week 13 in creatinine-adjusted urinary N-telopeptide (uNTx/Cr).

Antimicrobial susceptibility and genomic characterization of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 isolated from clinical and environmental samples in Jiaxing City, China.

Non-O1/non-O139 (NOVC) strains inhabit aquatic environments and sporadically induce human illnesses. This study involved the virulence and antimicrobial genetic characterization of 176 NOVC strains, comprising 25 from clinical samples and 151 from environmental sources, collected between 2021 and 2023. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the examined NOVC population was predominantly high, exhibiting only poor susceptibility to colistin, with 89.

Abscisic acid improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice through the AMPK/NRF2/KEAP1 signaling axis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a global health concern, placing a substantial financial strain on public health systems. Currently, no specific pharmacological treatments are recommended in existing guidelines. Abscisic acid (ABA), a natural plant hormone, is recognized for its promising potential in the healthcare field due to its diverse biological activities.

Cuprous Halide Coordination Polymer for Efficient NIR-I Photothermal Effect and Photo-Thermo-Electric Conversion.

Photo-thermo-electric conversion devices represent a promising technology for converting solar energy into electrical energy. Photothermal materials, as a critical component, play a significant role in efficient conversion from solar energy into thermal energy and subsequently electrical energy, thereby directly influencing the overall system's efficiency in solar energy utilization. However, the application of single-component photothermal materials in photo-thermo-electric conversion systems remains limited.

Identification of circulating risk biomarkers for cognitive decline in a large community-based population in Chongqing China.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the relationship between blood-based pathologies and established risk factors for cognitive decline in the community-based population of Chongqing, a region with significant aging.

Methods: A total of 26,554 residents aged 50 years and older were recruited. Multinomial logistic regression models were applied to assess the risk factors of cognition levels.

Bismuth nanoparticles embedded in carbon fibers as flexible and free-standing anodes for efficient sodium ion batteries.

Metallic bismuth is a promising anode electrode material for sodium ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity. However, the formation of NaBi during the reaction process brings about significant volume changes and structural collapse of the electrode, resulting in the destruction of structures and a decrease in the cycling stability of sodium ion batteries. In this study, bismuth nanoparticles embedded in carbon fibers (Bi/CF) through a facile approach of electrospinning and calcination.

Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for Plant Photodynamic Seed Sterilization.

Pathogen-carrying seeds can significantly impact plant growth and development and may lead to serious public health incidents. Modern agriculture heavily relies on synthetic chemical microbicides and physical methods to eradicate pathogens transmitted by plant seeds. To counteract the misuse of microbicides, a class of cationic amphiphilic aggregate-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) are developed as photodynamic seed sterilization agents.

Toward synergetic reduction of pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles: a catalysis perspective.

It is a great challenge for vehicles to satisfy the increasingly stringent emission regulations for pollutants and greenhouse gases. Throughout the history of the development of vehicle emission control technology, catalysts have always been in the core position of vehicle aftertreatment. Aiming to address the significant demand for synergistic control of pollutants and greenhouse gases from vehicles, this review provides a panoramic view of emission control technologies and key aftertreatment catalysts for vehicles using fossil fuels (gasoline, diesel, and natural gas) and carbon-neutral fuels (hydrogen, ammonia, and green alcohols).

Role of CD38 in mediating the effect of Bacillus on acute pancreatitis: a study of mediated Mendelian randomization.

Background: Some studies suggest a potential link between intestinal flora and acute pancreatitis (AP). However, the causal relationships between specific intestinal flora and AP, and the possible mediating role of immune cell traits, remain unclear.

Methods: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 5,959 participants was conducted to identify genetic instrumental variables associated with 473 intestinal flora taxa.

Catalytic performance of Pd catalyst supported on CeO or ZrO modified beta zeolite for methane oxidation.

Two kinds of oxide-zeolite composite support, Ce-beta and Zr-beta were prepared by a simple wet impregnation method and adopted for the preparation of palladium-based catalysts for catalytic oxidation of methane. The Pd/6.8Zr-beta catalyst showed superior methane oxidation performance, achieving T and T of 417 °C and 451 °C, respectively, together with robust hydrothermal stability.

Design method for the structure of a gravitational wave detection telescope with low TTL noise.

As a critical payload of the gravitational wave detection interferometry system, the tilt-to-length (TTL) noise has a significant influence on the detection accuracy of the interferometry system. The non-geometric TTL (NG-TTL) noise, which is the main component of the TTL noise within the telescope, is closely related to the sensitive aberrations of the system's small pupil. Due to the different environments of the earth and space, structural deformations of the telescope can cause significantly unfavorable changes in the sensitive aberrations at the small pupil.

WD40 protein OsTTG1 promotes anthocyanin accumulation and CBF transcription factor-dependent pathways for rice cold tolerance.

Temperature is a critical abiotic factor affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) yields, and cold stress at the seedling stage can inhibit plant growth or even be fatal. Antioxidants such as anthocyanins accumulate in a variety of plants during cold stress, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.