Heterogeneous Integration of Complementary Field-Effect Transistors for High-Performance Micro LED Displays.

This study investigates a micro light-emitting diode (µLED) pixel circuit using the heterogeneous integration of complementary field-effect transistors (CFETs). The CFETs are fabricated using a semiconductor layer composed of tellurium (Te) and indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) layers. Te and IGZO layers in the heterostructure IGZO/Te film exhibit hexagonal and amorphous phases, respectively, indicating that each layer maintains independent material characteristics.

Electrochemical Analysis of Amyloid Plaques and ApoE4 with Chitosan-Coated Gold Nanostars for Alzheimer's Detection.

Monitoring the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for mitigating dementia symptoms, alleviating pain, and improving mobility. Traditionally, AD biomarkers like amyloid plaques are predominantly identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) due to their concentrated presence. However, detecting these markers in blood is hindered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), resulting in lower concentrations.

Antioxidant and Anti-Fatigue Effects of a Standardized Botanical Extract Fraction (HemoHIM) in Forced-Exercised Aged Mice.

HemoHIM is a standardized medicinal herbal preparation consisting of extracts of Nakai, Makino, and Pallas that possesses immune regulatory activities. This study aimed to research the potential antioxidant effects of HemoHIM and its capacity for reducing fatigue in aged mice subjected to forced exercise. After administering HemoHIM 125 (500 mg/kg orally) for 4 weeks in 8-month-old female C57BL/6 mice (4 groups of 10 mice), various parameters were evaluated.

Dual-Mode Graphene Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor with Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification.

Despite a substantial increase in testing facilities during the pandemic, access remains a major obstacle, particularly in low-resource and remote areas. This constraint emphasizes the need for high-throughput potential point-of-care diagnostic tools in environments with limited resources. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a promising technique, but improvements in sensitivity are needed for accurate detection, especially in scenarios where the virus is present in low quantities.

Gold nanostructures modified carbon-based electrode enhanced with methylene blue for point-of-care COVID-19 tests using isothermal amplification.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) envelope (E) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) genes were detected via electrochemical measurements using a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) (3-electrode system) coupled with a battery-operated thin-film heater based on the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique. The working electrodes of the SPCE sensor were decorated with synthesized gold nanostars (AuNSs) to obtain a large surface area and improve sensitivity. The LAMP assay was enhanced using a real-time amplification reaction system to detect the optimal target genes (E and RdRP) of SARS-CoV-2.

Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fractions Are Comparable With Allogenic Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Supplementary Strategy of High Tibial Osteotomy for Varus Knee Osteoarthritis.

Purpose: To compare the clinical, radiologic, and second-look arthroscopic outcomes of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with stromal vascular fraction (SVF) implantation versus human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSC) transplantation and identify the association between cartilage regeneration and HTO outcomes.

Methods: Patients treated with HTO for varus knee osteoarthritis between March 2018 and September 2020 were retrospectively identified. In this retrospective study, among 183 patients treated with HTO for varus knee osteoarthritis between March 2018 and September 2020, patients treated with HTO with SVF implantation (SVF group; n = 25) were pair-matched based on sex, age, and lesion size with those who underwent HTO with hUCB-MSC transplantation (hUCB-MSC group; n = 25).

Arthroscopic Implantation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Improves Cartilage Regeneration and Pain Relief in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis.

Purpose: To compare the pain relief and cartilage repair status of patients with knee osteoarthritis who received arthroscopic treatment with or without stromal vascular fraction (SVF) implantation.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the patients who were examined with 12-month follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after arthroscopic treatment for knee osteoarthritis from September 2019 to April 2021. Patients were included in this study if they had grade 3 or 4 knee osteoarthritis according to the Outerbridge classification in MRI.

Cartilage lesion size and number of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells strongly influenced the SVF implantation outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Purpose: This study evaluated outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis following stromal vascular fraction implantation and assessed the associated prognostic factors.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 43 patients who underwent follow-up magnetic resonance imaging 12 months after stromal vascular fraction implantation for knee osteoarthritis. Pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale and measured at baseline and 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up appointments.

Effect of Back-Channel Surface on Reliability of Solution-Processed InGaZnO Thin-Film Transistors with Thin Active Layer.

We have investigated the degradation mechanism of solution-processed indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors. The threshold voltage shift (Δ) followed a linear function under negative gate bias stress (NBS), while it showed a stretched-exponential behavior under positive gate bias stress. The slope of Δ for stress time was rarely changed with variations below 0.

Demographic Predictors of Concomitant Osteochondral Lesion of the Talus in Patients With Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability.

Background: Osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) is commonly found as a concomitant pathologic lesion in a large proportion of patients with chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). This study investigated which characteristics in a patient with CLAI increase the risk for OLT.

Methods: Three hundred sixty-four patients who underwent a modified Broström operation for their CLAI were reviewed retrospectively.

Standardized Extract (HemoHIM) Protects against Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in a Murine Model.

HemoHIM is a medicinal herbal preparation of Nakai (Apiaceae), Makino (Umbelliferae), and Pallas (Paeoniaceae) designed for immune regulation. In the present study, the memory-enhancing effects of a standardized extract (HemoHIM) on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in a murine model was investigated. To induce amnesia, scopolamine (1 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally (i.

Antioxidant and antifatigue effect of a standardized fraction (HemoHIM) from , , and .

Context: HemoHIM is an herbal preparation containing Nakai (Apiaceae), Makino (Umbelliferae), and Pallas (Paeoniaceae) developed for immune regulation. To date, studies on the antifatigue effects of HemoHIM have not been conducted.

Objective: The antifatigue effects of HemoHIM using models of citrinin and exercise-induced chronic fatigue syndrome were investigated.

A Graphene-Based Enzymatic Biosensor Using a Common-Gate Field-Effect Transistor for L-Lactic Acid Detection in Blood Plasma Samples.

Lactate is an important organic molecule that is produced in excess during anaerobic metabolism when oxygen is absent in the human organism. The concentration of this substance in the body can be related to several medical conditions, such as hemorrhage, respiratory failure, and ischemia. Herein, we describe a graphene-based lactate biosensor to detect the concentrations of L-lactic acid in different fluids (buffer solution and plasma).

Sensitive electrochemical biosensor combined with isothermal amplification for point-of-care COVID-19 tests.

We report an electrochemical biosensor combined with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for rapid and sensitive detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The electrochemical biosensor based on a multi-microelectrode array allows the detection of multiple target genes by differential pulse voltammetry. The RPA reaction involves hybridization of the RPA amplicon with thiol-modified primers immobilized on the working electrodes, which leads to a reduction of current density as amplicons accumulate.

An acquired plica-induced notch in the medial femoral condyle in a patient with medial patellar plica syndrome: a case report.

Background: An inflamed and thickened medial patellar plica (MPP) caused by repeated mechanical irritation from trauma or overuse leads to impingement between the anterior medial femoral condyle and the medial articular facet of the patella and produces pain or clicking, which is known as MPP syndrome. In patients with MPP syndrome, cartilage damage may occur depending on the shape of the MPP and the duration of the impingement.

Case Presentation: Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging in a 17-year-old male patient with MPP syndrome showed a hypertrophic MPP along with an abnormal notch in the articular surface of the medial femoral condyle.

Factors Influencing Clinical and MRI Outcomes of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation With Concomitant High Tibial Osteotomy for Varus Knee Osteoarthritis.

Background: Cartilage repair procedures using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can provide superior cartilage regeneration in the medial compartment of the knee joint when high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is performed for varus knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, few studies have reported the factors influencing the outcomes of MSC implantation with concomitant HTO.

Purpose: To investigate the outcomes of MSC implantation with concomitant HTO and to identify the prognostic factors that are associated with the outcomes.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation in Knee Osteoarthritis: Midterm Outcomes and Survival Analysis in 467 Patients.

Background: A cell-based tissue engineering approach that uses mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has addressed the issue of articular cartilage repair in knees with osteoarthritis (OA).

Purpose: To evaluate the midterm outcomes, analyze the survival rates, and identify the factors affecting the survival rate of MSC implantation to treat knee OA.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Intra-articular injection of human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells in beagles with surgery-induced osteoarthritis.

Background: Recently, cell-based tissue engineering approaches using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to treat osteoarthritis (OA). However, the efficacy of human synovium-derived MSCs (hSD-MSCs) has not yet been tested in a canine model of OA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of intra-articular hSD-MSC injections in a canine OA model.

Comparative matched-pair cohort analysis of the short-term clinical outcomes of mesenchymal stem cells versus hyaluronic acid treatments through intra-articular injections for knee osteoarthritis.

Purpose: Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) has shown promises in reducing pain and improving physical function in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Recently, cell-based therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as potential treatments. However, few studies have compared the treatment outcomes between MSCs and HA.

Surveillance assessment for veterinary biocidal products in Korea: A laboratory investigation.

Veterinary biocides used in animal husbandry have the potential to cause human health concerns. Biocidal products for veterinary use, which contain pesticides approved in Korea, comprise 49 active ingredients within 234 products. Within 17 of these products there are 3 ingredients which are highly hazardous pesticides: coumaphos, dichlorvos and methomyl.

All-solution-processed colour-tuneable tandem quantum-dot light-emitting diode driven by AC signal.

We demonstrate a novel structure for a quantum-dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED) with wide-range colour-tuneable pixels, fabricated via full solution processing. The proposed device has a symmetrical structure produced via stacking of an inverted-structure diode with a green QD emission layer (EML) and normal-structure diode with a red QD EML. It is an electron-only device; however, a charge generation layer in the middle of the device generates holes for the formation of excitons.

Novel Nasal Epithelial Cell Markers of Parkinson's Disease Identified Using Cells Treated with α-Synuclein Preformed Fibrils.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, characterized by olfactory dysfunction in the early stages. α-Synuclein pathologies in the olfactory organs are shown to spread to the brain through the nose-brain axis. We first developed a nasal epithelial PD cellular model by treating RPMI-2650 cells with α-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFF).

Rapid Determination of Benzylpenicillin Resistance in Bacteraemia Model.

Rapid determination of antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance is an important factor in selecting an appropriate antimicrobial treatment and eradicating infections promptly. Conventional antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) are very time consuming. Thus, we developed a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for rapidly determining the resistance of to penicillin-G in an animal-infection model.

Monitoring the hemostasis process through the electrical characteristics of a graphene-based field-effect transistor.

Graphene-based transistors are promising devices in the evaluation of carrier density in biological analytes. We report on the design and fabrication of a graphene-based field-effect transistor for monitoring and assessing the interaction between the coagulation factors based on the charge carrier density in a blood sample. When biochemical reactions occurred during the coagulation cascade process, a dopant effect was noticed on the graphene surface by the change in Dirac point voltage values.

Application of carbon dioxide as a novel approach to eradicate poultry red mites.

Poultry red mites (PRMs), , are one of the most harmful ectoparasites of laying hens. Because of their public health impact, safe, effective methods to eradicate PRMs are greatly needed. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) was shown to eradicate phytophagous mites; however, there is no evidence that PRMs can be eradicated by CO₂.