An investigation of γ radiation detection with a CMOS imaging sensor.

In this study, a feasibility of γ radiation detection using complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors with a neural network algorithm to extract the γ rays interacted pixels has been investigated. The responses characteristics of the CMOS imaging sensor to γ-ray is studied by placed in a γ fields produced by standardCo orCs isotope sources. The supported preview frame rate of the CMOS image sensor is 25 fps, establishing the functional relationship between the gray level histograms and the dose rate through the neural network, the high energy γ-ray fromCo andCs source radiation dose rate in µSv/h level can be detected using the CMOS imaging sensor.

Evaluation of magnetic hyperthermia, drug delivery and biocompatibility (bone cell adhesion and zebrafish assays) of trace element co-doped hydroxyapatite combined with Mn-Zn ferrite for bone tissue applications.

The treatment and regeneration of bone defects, especially tumor-induced defects, is an issue in clinical practice and remains a major challenge for bone substitute material invention. In this research, a composite material of biomimetic bone-like apatite based on trace element co-doped apatite (Ca M (PO)(CO)(OH); M = trace elements of Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Mo, Sr and BO ; THA)-integrated-biocompatible magnetic Mn-Zn ferrite ((Mn, Zn)FeO nanoparticles, BioMags) called THAiBioMags was prepared a co-precipitation method. Its characteristics, , physical properties, hyperthermia performance, ion/drug delivery, were investigated using osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and using zebrafish.

Spinal interneuron population dynamics underlying flexible pattern generation.

Unlabelled: The mammalian spinal locomotor network is composed of diverse populations of interneurons that collectively orchestrate and execute a range of locomotor behaviors. Despite the identification of many classes of spinal interneurons constituting the locomotor network, it remains unclear how the network's collective activity computes and modifies locomotor output on a step-by-step basis. To investigate this, we analyzed lumbar interneuron population recordings and multi-muscle electromyography from spinalized cats performing air stepping and used artificial intelligence methods to uncover state space trajectories of spinal interneuron population activity on single step cycles and at millisecond timescales.

Neural pathway activation in the subthalamic region depends on stimulation polarity.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD); however, there is limited understanding of which subthalamic pathways are recruited in response to stimulation. Here, by focusing on the polarity of the stimulus waveform (cathodic vs. anodic), our goal was to elucidate biophysical mechanisms that underlie electrical stimulation in the human brain.

Review: Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy for Breast Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Prospective Studies Comparing Use of Acellular Dermal Matrix (ADM) Versus Without ADM.

Background: Breast cancer is the world's most prevalent cancer, and many breast cancer patients undergo mastectomy as the choice of treatment, often with post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) use has become a method to improve outcomes of reconstruction for these patients. We aimed to compare postoperative complications and patient-reported outcomes, which are still poorly characterized, between groups utilizing acellular dermal matrix during reconstruction and those without.

Investigation on the Attitude of Middle School Students with Depression in the City Toward Professional Psychological Help-Seeking.

Background: Many middle school students are depressed due to pressure from family, study, life, and communication. With the increasing depression of middle school students, professional psychological counseling institutions have also become more numerous. Therefore, students need to be guided to correctly recognize difficulties and seek professional psychological assistance.

BRAND: A platform for closed-loop experiments with deep network models.

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are state-of-the-art tools for modeling and decoding neural activity, but deploying them in closed-loop experiments with tight timing constraints is challenging due to their limited support in existing real-time frameworks. Researchers need a platform that fully supports high-level languages for running ANNs (e.g.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: A report of two cases at a district general hospital.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare condition thought to be caused by excessive Valsalva manoeuvre during the second stage of labour. Women with pneumomediastinum typically presents with chest pain or tightness, dyspnoea, and a tearing sensation around the neck. It is commonly diagnosed with a chest radiograph but further imaging may be necessary to exclude more sinister conditions with similar clinical features.

Clinical effect of acupuncture along fascia, meridians, and nerves combined with ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a randomized parallel-controlled study.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture along fascia, meridians, and nerves combined with ultrasound-guided nerve blockage in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.

Methods: A total of 61 outpatients with post-chest and back herpes zoster neuralgia were recruited in the Department of Pain at the Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from May 2019 to June 2021. They were randomly divided into two groups.

Identifying the Sources of Racial Disparity in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease With Deep Brain Stimulation.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a highly efficacious treatment for appropriately selected patients with advanced, medically refractory Parkinson's disease (PD). It is severely underutilized in Black patients-constituting a major treatment gap. The source of this disparity is unknown, but its identification and correction are necessary to provide equitable care.

Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and chemical markers in campus dormitories in an evolving COVID - 19 pandemic.

In this study, we report the implementation of a comprehensive wastewater surveillance testing program at a university campus in Singapore to identify Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected individuals and the usage of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) as well as other emerging contaminants (ECs). This unique co-monitoring program simultaneously measured SARS-CoV-2 with chemical markers/contaminants as the COVID-19 situation evolved from pandemic to endemic stages, following a nationwide mass vaccination drive. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater from campus dormitories were measured using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and corroborated with the number of symptomatic COVID-19 cases confirmed with the antigen rapid test (ART).

Variation in outcome reporting in studies of fertility-sparing surgery for cervical cancer: A systematic review.

Background: Cervical cancer affects 3197 women in the UK, and 604 000 women worldwide annually, with peak incidence seen in women between 30 and 34 years of age. For many, fertility-sparing surgery is an appealing option where possible. However, absence of large-scale data, along with a notable variation in reported outcomes in relevant studies, may undermine future efforts for consistent evidence synthesis.

Community-acquired pneumonia-causing bacteria and antibiotic resistance rate among Vietnamese patients: A cross-sectional study.

Due to the overuse of antibiotics in treatment and regional variation in disease factors, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has a relatively high morbidity and mortality rate. This study determined the prevalence of bacteria that cause CAP and the rate of antibiotic resistance. From April 2018 to May 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 254 CAP patients at hospitals and medical centers in the province of Vinh Long.

Enhanced Silk Fibroin/Sericin Composite Film: Preparation, Mechanical Properties and Mineralization Activity.

The periosteum plays an important role in bone formation and reconstruction. One of the reasons for the high failure rate of bone transplantation is the absence of the periosteum. Silk fibroin (SF) and silk sericin (SS) have excellent biocompatibility and physicochemical properties, which have amazing application prospects in bone tissue engineering, but lacked mechanical properties.

Influencing factors of obesity in community patients with deficit schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Obesity is very common in patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to evaluate the influencing factors of obesity in community patients with deficit schizophrenia, to provide implication for schizophrenia management in community.

Methods: We selected patients with deficit schizophrenia who lived in 10 communities in our city from March 1 to June 30, 2021.

Fabrication of biocompatible magneto-fluorescence nanoparticles as a platform for fluorescent sensor and magnetic hyperthermia applications.

Multifunctional nanoparticles with special magnetic and optical properties have been attracting a great deal of attention due to their important applications in the bioanalytical and biomedical fields. In this study, we report the fabrication of biocompatible magneto-fluorescence nanoparticles consisting of carbon dots (CDots) and silica-coated cobalt-manganese nanoferrites (CoMnFeO) (CoMnF@Si@CDots) (MagSiCDots) by a facile hydrothermal method. The as-prepared MagSiCDots have a particle size of 100-120 nm and show a negative zeta potential of -35.

Denitrification kinetics indicates nitrous oxide uptake is unaffected by electron competition in Accumulibacter.

Denitrifying phosphorus removal is a cost and energy efficient treatment technology that relies on polyphosphate accumulating organisms (DPAOs) utilizing nitrate or nitrite as terminal electron acceptor. Denitrification is a multistep process, but many organisms do not possess the complete pathway, leading to the accumulation of intermediates such as nitrous oxide (NO), a potent greenhouse gas and ozone depleting substance. Candidatus Accumulibacter organisms are prevalent in denitrifying phosphorus removal processes and, according to genomic analyses, appear to vary in their denitrification abilities based on their lineage.

Superior antibacterial activity of gallium based liquid metals due to Ga induced intracellular ROS generation.

Gallium-based liquid metals have increasing applications in a wide variety of emerging areas and they are involved more in frontier studies, the energy industry and additive manufacturing production, and even in daily life. When exposed to open air, large amounts of microorganisms may interact with liquid metals. However, the research of the relationship between pure gallium-based liquid metals and bacterial cells is still limited.

Individual differences in pain sensitivity in drug-naive patients with major depressive disorder: an fMRI study.

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) often report pain; however, the pain-related brain mechanism that contributes to MDD with pain remains largely unclear. In the current study, we aimed to observe the cortical responses by employing fMRI technique combined with thermal stimulation paradigm in 17 major depressive disorder patients with pain (MDDP), 19 major depressive disorder patients without pain (MDDNP), and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy control (HC) subjects. Participants completed the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD-17) and provided pain intensity ratings in response to noxious heat (51 °C) during task-fMRI scanning by visual analogue scale (VAS).

Facile molten salt synthesis of Cs-MnO hollow microflowers for supercapacitor applications.

A facile molten salt technique is an interesting preparation method as it enables mass production of materials. With the use of CsNO salt, Cs-intercalated MnO hollow microflowers are obtained in this work. δ-MnO with a layered structure, instead of other allotropes with smaller structural cavities, is formed and stabilized by large Cs ions.

Cognition in Sensorimotor Control: Interfacing With the Posterior Parietal Cortex.

Millions of people worldwide are afflicted with paralysis from a disruption of neural pathways between the brain and the muscles. Because their cortical architecture is often preserved, these patients are able to plan movements despite an inability to execute them. In such people, brain machine interfaces have great potential to restore lost function through neuroprosthetic devices, circumventing dysfunctional corticospinal circuitry.

Wavelet-based time series model to improve the forecast accuracy of PM concentrations in Peninsular Malaysia.

This study presents the use of a wavelet-based time series model to forecast the daily average particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM) in Peninsular Malaysia. The highlight of this study is the use of a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in order to improve the forecast accuracy. The DWT was applied to convert the highly variable PM series into more stable approximations and details sub-series, and the ARIMA-GARCH time series models were developed for each sub-series.

Engaging cervical spinal circuitry with non-invasive spinal stimulation and buspirone to restore hand function in chronic motor complete patients.

The combined effects of cervical electrical stimulation alone or in combination with the monoaminergic agonist buspirone on upper limb motor function were determined in six subjects with motor complete (AIS B) injury at C5 or above and more than one year from time of injury. Voluntary upper limb function was evaluated through measures of controlled hand contraction, handgrip force production, dexterity measures, and validated clinical assessment batteries. Repeated measure analysis of variance was used to evaluate functional metrics, EMG amplitude, and changes in mean grip strength.