Dissection of the antitumor mechanism of tetrandrine based on metabolite profiling and network pharmacology.

Rationale: Tetrandrine, the Q-marker in Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, was proven to present an obvious antitumor effect. Until now, the metabolism and antitumor mechanism of tetrandrine have not been fully elucidated.

Methods: The metabolites of tetrandrine in rats were profiled using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

[Effects of Wastewater Discharge on Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Microbial Community in a Coastal Area].

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are important sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and microbial communities are key factors that affect the proliferation of ARGs. To reveal the effects of WWTPs effluent discharge on the ARGs and microbial community in a coastal area, the structure and distribution of ARGs, MGEs, and microbial community in Shangyu (SY) and Jiaxing (JX) effluent receiving areas (ERAs) and the offshore area of Hangzhou Bay (HB) were investigated via high-throughput quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.

Investigation of the effects of high cervical spinal cord electrical stimulation on improving neurological dysfunction and its potential mechanism in rats with traumatic brain injury.

To explore the effects of high cervical spinal cord electrical stimulation (cSCS) on the recovery of neurological function and its possible mechanism in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). 72 rats were randomly divided into: (1) a sham group; (2) a traumatic brain injury (TBI) group; (3) a TBI+cSCS group; (4) a LY294002+TBI+cSCS group. The degree of neurological dysfunction was evaluated by modified Neurological severity score (mNSS).

[Wildfire smoke injection heights in China based on multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR) observations].

Smoke injection height is a key driving factor for plume transport, which determines the lifetime of smoke aerosol in the atmosphere, transport path and diffusion along with the wind, and impacts on atmospheric environment. In this study, raw data obtained from the latest multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR) plume height project was extracted and analzyed. The variation of smoke injection heights of wildfire in China was investigated with statistical analysis methods.

Hyperbaric oxygen via mediating SIRT1-induced deacetylation of HMGB1 improved cReperfusion inj/reperfusion injury.

Ischemic stroke leads to severe neurological dysfunction in adults. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) induces tolerance to cReperfusion inj/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Therefore, our aims were to investigate whether SIRT1 participates in regulatingin the neuro-protective effect of HBO in a cerebral I/R model and its mechanism.

Adjuvant treatment with Angong Niuhuang pills in treating traumatic brain damage: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The Angong Niuhuang pill (ANP) has been widely used in the adjuvant treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the efficacy and adverse reactions of this drug are controversial. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ANP on patients with TBI by a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

[Distribution Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Wastewater Treatment Plants].

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are regarded as the main source for antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs). To explore the features regarding the distribution of ARGs in wastewater with complicated composition in treatment plants, wastewater samples from a chemical industry park that produced antibiotics were selected. qPCR was applied to detect the type and abundance of ARGs in the wastewater flows from the WWTPs.

Influence of high altitude on the burning behaviour of typical combustibles and the related responses of smoke detectors in compartments.

The effect of altitude on typical combustible burning and related smoke detector response signals was investigated by comparison experiments at altitudes of 40 m and 3650 m based on EN54 standard tests. Point-type light scattering photoelectric smoke detectors and ionization smoke detectors were used for four kinds of EN54 fire tests, including two kinds of smouldering fires with wood (test fire no. 2 in EN54 standard or TF2) and cotton (TF3), and two kinds of flaming fires with polyurethane (TF4) and -heptane (TF5).

The application of novel nano-thermal and imaging techniques for monitoring drug microstructure and distribution within PLGA microspheres.

Poly (d,l-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) based microspheres have been extensively used as controlled drug release systems. However, the burst effect has been a persistent issue associated with such systems, especially for those prepared by the double emulsion technique. An effective approach to preventing the burst effect and achieving a more ideal drug release profile is to improve the drug distribution within the polymeric matrix.

[A Comparative Study on Performance of an Intermittent Aeration SBR and a Traditional SBR for Treatment of Digested Piggery Wastewater].

An intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor (IASBR) and a traditional sequencing batch reactor (SBR) were respectively used for treating digested piggery wastewater, and the pollutant removal performance was studied at different ratios of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to total nitrogen (TN) in the influent and different loading rates. The results showed that the pollutant removal rates in the IASBR were much higher than those in the SBR. Under influent COD/TN of about 2.

[Enhanced Pollutants Removal in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant with Multistage A/O Process].

Removal of conventional pollutants as well as genotoxicity was studied along a multistage A/O process, which was based on the monitoring data in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (MWWTP) of Yixing City. The results showed that the multistage A/O process removed (67.3±7.

Morphology and concentration of smoke from fluorinated ethylene propylene wire insulation in microgravity under forced airflow.

The production of smoke particles from the jet bursting flame caused by overheating fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) wire insulations was investigated. Experiments examining the morphology and volume fraction of the fractal smoke particle aggregates with forced airflow were conducted in a 3.5s drop tower.

[Performance of an Intermittent Aeration Membrane Bioreactor for Removal of Veterinary Antibiotics from Piggery Wastewater].

The removal performance of 11 veterinary antibiotics in piggery wastewater and their accumulation in the activated sludge were studied in an intermittent aeration membrane bioreactor (IAMBR) at different COD/TN ratios and organic loads. The results showed that both antibiotics and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were efficiently removed at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of no less than five days and COD/TN ratio of 2.1, the removal rate was (79.

[Method for Simultaneous Determination of 11 Veterinary Antibiotics in Piggery Wastewater and Sludge and Its Application in Biological Treatment].

In order to determine eleven commonly used veterinary antibiotics (including four tetracyclines, two sulfonamides, three quinolones and two macrolides) in piggery wastewater and activated sludge in the Yangtze River Delta region, the conditions of solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were optimized. The recovery rate and relative standard deviations of the method were confirmed as 73% - 105.2%, 3.

[2, 4, 6-Trichlorophenol Mineralization Promoted by Anaerobic Reductive Dechlorination of Acclimated Sludge and Extracellular Respiration Dechlorination Pathway].

In anaerobic conditions, the acclimation of activated sludge was studied with sodium lactate as the electron donor and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol as the electron acceptor. Metabolic characteristics of dechlorination were the focus of this study. The result showed highly efficient dechlorination on 2, 4, 6-trichlorophenol that the conversion rate reached to 100% in 9 - 24 h when initial concentrations of sodium lactate and 2,4, 6-trichlorophenol were 20 mmol x L(-1) and 40 - 80 μmol x L(-1), respectively.

[Applicability of bisphenol A detection by a planar waveguide fluorescent biosensor].

As a kind of environmental endocrine disruptors, bisphenol A received a wide attention around the world. The planar waveguide fluorescent biosensor can rapidly and sensitively detect traceable bisphenol A in water samples. Under the optimized test conditions, the typical calibration curve for BPA determination by the biosensor showed a detection limit of (0.

[Variation of pollutants along the height of two media BAF during advanced treatment of dyeing wastewater].

A pilot-scale process with the capacity of 15 t x d(-1) was applied for treatment of the secondary biological effluent from a dyeing industrial park wastewater treatment plant. We studied the variation of pollutants along the height of two media biological aerated filter (BAF), investigated the feasibility of the cheaper and lighter suspended media to substitute activated carbon. The results showed that while the influent average COD and color were 50.

[Study on chlorinated disinfection byproducts and the relevant health risk in tap water of J City].

J City lies in the downstream of Taihu Lake and its water source was micro-polluted by the well-developed industry and agriculture inside the city and in the upper stream. Tap water of J City is characterized as high concentrations of organics and ammonia nitrogen, and chlorinated disinfection byproducts (CDBPs), which has drawn many public concerns for the health risk. Tap water was sampled in May, August, October of 2012 and January of 2013.

[A study on the veterinary antibiotics contamination in groundwater of Jiaxing].

Liquid chromatography and tandem mass (LC-MS/MS) followed with solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed for simultaneously determining four classes (tetracyclines, quinolones, macrolides and sulfonamides) of ten commonly used veterinary antibiotics in groundwater of Jiaxing city, an important pig breeding base in the Yangtze River Delta region. Samples were taken from 10 typical rural river sections and 21 main urban river sections. Results revealed severe pollution existed in the rural river environment.

[Assessment of TVOC and odor in the remediation site of contaminated soil and groundwater using electronic nose].

According to the conditions of a contaminated soil and groundwater remediation site in Shanghai, the self-built electronic nose was applied to detect VOCs and odor of previously remedied soil and groundwater, remedying soil and groundwater, and the air above and around the site. Combining the formula of TPI and OPI, the value of each point was got and was shown in figures. Results showed: 1.

Long-term comparison of full-bed deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty in treating keratoconus.

Objective: To compare postoperative outcomes of full-bed deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) with penetrating keratoplasty (PK) in treating keratoconus.

Methods: Seventy-five eyes of 64 patients who received full-bed DALK and 52 eyes of 51 patients who received PK between June 2000 and August 2010 were included in this retrospective study. Full-bed DALK was performed using Yao's hooking-detaching technique.

[Leaves of Platanus orientalis as the carbon source for denitrification].

Leaching solution from Platanus orientalis fallen leaves was used as the carbon source for denitrification, and organic acid releasing regularity and influencing factors during the dipping process were discussed. The main organic acid was fumarate, and others were citric acid, oxalic acid and malic acid according to the analysis by HPLC. The average nitrate removal rate was 2.

Ligninolytic enzymes from Ganoderma spp: current status and potential applications.

White-rot fungal species belonging to Ganoderma have long been used as medicinal mushrooms in many Asian countries. In recent years, however, attention is not just being paid to their pharmacological properties, but to their other potentially valuable features as well, including their secretion of enzymes which decompose lignin. The current literature regarding lignin-modifying enzymes from the genus Ganoderma, their potential uses, and the components, structures and processes of lignocellulose degradation are discussed.