Efficacy and Safety of Montelukast+Levocetirizine Combination Therapy Compared to Montelukast Monotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis in Children.

Purpose: The combination therapy of leukotriene receptor antagonists and antihistamines may alleviate allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms better than monotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of Monterizine, a fixed-dose combination of montelukast and levocetirizine, compared to montelukast monotherapy in pediatric patients with AR.

Methods: One hundred seventy-six children aged 6 to 14 years with perennial AR symptoms were recruited.

Association of Maternal Hypertensive Disorders During Pregnancy With Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: This meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between maternal hypertension during pregnancy (HDP) and neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the KoreaMed database for relevant studies. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality assessment of all included studies.

Effect of prenatal phthalate exposure on childhood atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The association between prenatal exposure to phthalate and childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) has previously been investigated; however, the results are inconsistent. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of birth cohort studies to investigate whether prenatal exposure to phthalate increases the risk of developing AD in children. We performed an electronic search of medical literature data bases.

Association between vitamin D level and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Neonatal vitamin D deficiency is common and is associated with development of pulmonary disease in children and adults. While the role of vitamin D in normal lung development is well established, the association between vitamin D deficiency and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains unclear. The present meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and BPD.

Infantile Anaphylaxis in Korea: a Multicenter Retrospective Case Study.

Background: Anaphylaxis is increasing in young children. The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of anaphylaxis in Korean infants, with a focus on food triggers.

Methods: The study analyzed the medical records of infants aged 0 to 2 years old who had been diagnosed with anaphylaxis in 23 secondary or tertiary hospitals in Korea.

Age-Based Causes and Clinical Characteristics of Immediate-Type Food Allergy in Korean Children.

Purpose: Age-based causes and clinical characteristics of immediate-type food allergy (FA) have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, we investigated age-dependent clinical profiles of FA in Korean children through an extensive multicenter investigation.

Methods: Using a case report form developed by the authors, a retrospective medical record review was performed of patients (0-18 years old) diagnosed with immediate-type FA between September 2014 and August 2015 in 14 tertiary hospitals in Korea.

Reference Values and Utility of Serum Total Immunoglobulin E for Predicting Atopy and Allergic Diseases in Korean Schoolchildren.

The present study aimed to investigate the distribution of total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in Korean schoolchildren and to evaluate its utility in the prediction of atopy and allergic diseases. A nationwide, cross-sectional survey was conducted in first grade students from randomly selected elementary and middle schools. Total IgE levels were measured by ImmunoCAP.

Association of Polysensitization, Allergic Multimorbidity, and Allergy Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study of School Children.

Background: Aeroallergen sensitization is related to the coexistence of allergic diseases, but the nature of this relationship is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship of polysensitization with allergic multimorbidities and the severity of allergic diseases.

Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analysis of 3,368 Korean children aged 6-7 years-old.

Comorbidities and Phenotypes of Rhinitis in Korean Children and Adolescents: A Cross-sectional, Multicenter Study.

Purpose: Rhinitis is a nasal inflammatory disease in children and adolescents. However, little is known about the phenotypes and characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) in Korean children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to analyze the symptoms and comorbidities of rhinitis, to compare AR to non-allergic rhinitis (NAR), and to reveal the phenotypes and features of AR in a Korean pediatric population.

A Multicenter Retrospective Case Study of Anaphylaxis Triggers by Age in Korean Children.

Purpose: Although anaphylaxis is recognized as an important, life-threatening condition, data are limited regarding its triggers in different age groups. We aimed to identify anaphylaxis triggers by age in Korean children.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of medical records for children diagnosed with anaphylaxis between 2009 and 2013 in 23 secondary or tertiary hospitals in South Korea.

The association between hypovitaminosis D and pediatric allergic diseases: A Korean nationwide population-based study.

Background: There is still considerable disagreement regarding the role of vitamin D in the development or exacerbation of allergic diseases.

Objective: To investigate the association between serum vitamin D levels and recent symptoms of allergic diseases in elementary schoolchildren.

Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in children ages 6-7 years from 45 randomly selected elementary schools.

Risk factors of atopic dermatitis in Korean schoolchildren: 2010 international study of asthma and allergies in childhood.

Background & Objective: We aimed to analyse the risk factors of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Korean schoolchildren in 2010.

Methods: A nationwide, cross-sectional study was conducted in children aged 6-7 years and adolescents aged 12-13 years who were randomly selected. Information was obtained through a Korean version of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire (ISAAC), and skin prick tests were performed.

The association between asthma and invasive pneumococcal disease: a nationwide study in Korea.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between asthma and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Korea. A retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment database 2010-2011. The subjects included 935,106 (2010) and 952,295 (2011), of whom 398 (2010) and 428 (2011) patients with IPD were identified.

Indoor environmental factors associated with wheezing illness and asthma in South Korean children: phase III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood.

Background: The relationship between exposure to indoor environmental pollutants and incidence of asthma and wheezing illness in children is unclear. This study aimed to clarify this relationship by identifying the risk factors associated with these conditions in South Korean children aged 6-7 years.

Methods: The parents or guardians of 3810 children aged 6-7 years who had participated in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood and met the study criteria completed validated questionnaires regarding their children's asthma and wheezing illness, risk factors and exposure to indoor pollutants.

Humidifier disinfectant-associated children's interstitial lung disease.

Rationale: Beginning in 2006, epidemics of a fatal lung injury of unknown cause in children were observed in Korea every spring. A recent study demonstrated that this type of children's interstitial lung disease (chILD) is associated with humidifier disinfectant use.

Objectives: To determine the clinical characteristics of this type of chILD and to assess whether the nationwide suspension of humidifier disinfectant sales in the autumn of 2011 affected its incidence.

Predisposing factors associated with chronic and recurrent rhinosinusitis in childhood.

Purpose: There is currently no information regarding predisposing factors for chronic and recurrent rhinosinusitis (RS), although these are considered to be multifactorial in origin, and allergic diseases contribute to their pathogenesis. We evaluated the predisposing factors that may be associated with chronic and recurrent RS.

Methods: In this prospective study, we examined patients with RS younger than 13 years of age, diagnosed with RS at six tertiary referral hospitals in Korea between October and December, 2006.

Sensitization to aeroallergens in Korean children: a population-based study in 2010.

We performed this study to assess the prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens and to analyze the difference between prevalence rates according to children's ages and residential areas. In this nationwide cross-sectional study, first grade students of 45 elementary schools and 40 middle schools were randomly selected, and skin prick tests were performed for 18 inhalant allergens between October and November 2010. Of 7,829 analyzed subjects, 3,753 (47.

Identification of a novel mutation in the ATP7A gene in a Korean patient with Menkes disease.

Menkes disease is an infantile-onset X-linked recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by diverse mutations in a copper-transport gene, ATP7A. Affected patients are characterized by progressive hypotonia, seizures, failure to thrive and death in early childhood. Here, we report a case of Menkes disease presented by intractable seizures and infantile spasms.

A case of left main pulmonary artery aneurysm associated with valvular pulmonary stenosis in a child.

Aneurysm of the main pulmonary artery is a rare clinical entity that can be congenital or acquired. Most cases occur in association with other congenital malformations, severe pulmonary hypertension, vasculitides, infectious agents, or collagen vascular disorders. We report here a pediatric case of left pulmonary artery aneurysm associated with valvular pulmonary stenosis and a hypoplastic right pulmonary artery, which we confirmed via multidetector computed tomography angiography.

Eosinophil survival and apoptosis in health and disease.

Eosinophilia is common feature of many disorders, including allergic diseases. There are many factors that influence the production, migration, survival and death of the eosinophil. Apoptosis is the most common form of physiological cell death and a necessary process to maintain but limit cell numbers in humans and other species.

A case of Moyamoya disease in a girl with thyrotoxicosis.

Moyamoya disease is a cerebrovascular disorder of unknown cause, characterized by slowly progressive bilateral stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid arteries and produces collateral vessels. Moyamoya syndrome has rarely been reported in association with Graves' disease, especially in children. Several reports suggest that a cerebral infarction might have occurred in patients with clinical and laboratory evidence of hyperthyroid function.