Genetic polymorphisms and mutation rates of 27 Y-chromosomal STRs in a Han population from Guangdong Province, Southern China.

In this study, we collected blood samples from 1033 father-son pairs of a Han population from Guangdong Province, Southern China, of which 1007 fathers were unrelated male individuals. All together, 2040 male individuals were analyzed at 27 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) with Yfiler(®) Plus system. A total of 1003 different haplotypes were observed among 1007 unrelated fathers, with the overall haplotype diversity (HD) 0.

[Study on UV and H2O2 combined inactivation of E. coli in drinking water].

The inactivation effect of E. coli with both UV irradiation and hydrogen peroxide disinfection individually and in different combination modes was investigated. The results showed that hydrogen peroxide alone caused hardly any inactivation of E.

[Comparison study of enhanced coagulation on humic acid and fulvic acid removal].

Enhanced coagulation effects of four coagulants, such as aluminium sulfate, ferric chloride, aluminium polychloride and poly-ferric chloride, were examined, with an emphasis on pH, turbidity, Ca+ and relative contents of humic acid and fulvic acid. The result showed that the removal efficiency of four kinds of coagulant for humic acid was higher than that for fulvic acid. Compared with aluminium polychloride and poly-ferric chloride, aluminium sulfate and ferric chloride possessed a better coagulation effect.

Photochemical degradation of ciprofloxacin in UV and UV/H₂O₂ process: kinetics, parameters, and products.

Photochemical degradation of fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin (CIP) in water by UV and UV/H₂O₂ were investigated. The degradation rate of CIP was affected by pH, H₂O₂ dosage, as well as the presence of other inorganic components. The optimized pH value and H₂O₂ concentration were 7.

[Genetic polymorphisms of six Y chromosome short tandem repeat loci in Chinese Korean ethnic group].

Objective: To determine the allelic sequences and genetic polymorphism of six short tandem repeats (STRs) loci on Y chromosome, including DYS441, DYS442, DYS443, DYS444, DYS445 and DYS446 in Chinese Korean ethnic males from Yanbian region of Jilin province, China, and to construct a preliminary database.

Methods: Allele frequencies of the six STR loci in 205 Chinese Korean ethnic individuals were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).

Results: Respectively, 8, 7, 7, 5, 6 and 9 alleles were detected for each of the locus.

[Comparison of H2O2 and UV processes on the inactivation efficiency of Microcystic aeruginosa].

Setting Microcystic aeruginosa as study subject, the inactivation efficiency and its effect on photosynthetic activity by H2O2 and UV processes were investigated. The results showed that the inactivating efficiency increased with H2O2 dosage in the range of 0-2 mmol x L(-1), and the photosynthetic activity decreased with it gradually, but the efficiency wasn't enhanced when the dosage exceeded 2 mmoL x L(-1). The inactivation by UV process was high.

[Effect analysis on MOH/WHO/Luxembourg project of strengthening cold chain and childhood immunization service quality project in Qinghai province].

Objective: To improve the cold chain systematic management and the quality of immunization through implementing MOH-WHO-Luxembourg project of strengthening cold chain and childhood immunization service quality in Qinghai province.

Methods: Analysis and comparison of relevant information of cold chain equipment, disease surveillance and immunization management.

Results: 47% township had transportation facility for immunization programs, 61% township hospital cold-chain equipment was renewed, 30% township hospitals cold-chain equipment updated.

[Genetic polymorphisms of six X-short tandem repeats loci in Chinese Korean].

Objective: To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of DXS7132, DXS6854, DXS6797, DXS9898, DXS8378 and GATA31E08 short tandem repeats (STRs) loci in Chinese Korean ethnic group of Yanbian, Jilin, and to construct a preliminary database.

Methods: The allele frequencies of the six STRs loci in Chinese Korean ethnic individuals were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).

Results: Total of 8, 6, 8, 8, 5 and 10 alleles were observed in each locus respectively.

[Oxidization characteristic of chlorine on the biofilm in simulated drinking water distribution system].

In the article, the inactivation effect of chlorine on E. coli biofilm and the influence of chlorine oxidization on the contents of assimilable organic carbon (AOC), microbially available phosphorus (MAP) and bacterial regrowth potential (BRP) was investigated in the simulated drinking water distribution system. Results showed that chlorine resulted in more efficient reduction on suspended E.

[Mechanism of natural organic matter removal by potassium permanganate composite enhanced coagulation].

Streaming current technique, fluctuation of transmitted light technique, molecular weight distribution and XAD resin adsorption technique were used to study the mechanism of natural organic matter removal by potassium permanganate composite (PPC) enhanced coagulation. Results showed that natural organic matter removal efficiency increased 13% by 0.75 mg/L potassium permanganate composite enhanced coagulation compared with that of alum coagulation alone.

[Effect of chloramines disinfection for biofilm formation control on copper and stainless steel pipe materials].

Two rotating annular bioreactors (RABs) with copper and stainless steel pipe materials were adopted in the study, the effects of these two pipe materials and chloramines disinfection on biofilms formation in drinking water distribution system were evaluated. The maximum viable bacterial number in biofilm of copper and stainless steel reached 5.5 x 10(3) CFU/cm2 and 2.

[Mitochondrial DNA coding region 3954-4506 polymorphism in Korean Chinese population].

Objective: To investigate the sequence polymorphism of mtDNA coding region encompassing nt3954-4506 in the Korean Chinese population of Yanbian area.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing method were used to detect the haplotype distribution of mtDNA coding region in 198 Korean Chinese individuals.

Results: Twenty-one haplotypes were observed in the 198 unrelated individuals.

[Study on the probability of hepatitis B virus infection at public service places].

Objective: To provide data for the control and prevention of hepatitis B and HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) status among the appliances and practitioners working in the public service places.

Methods: 63 beauty parlors, barber shops and bathing centers selected under stratified randomization sampling method and 682 workers were investigated through questionnaire. HBsAg from th e appliances of the public service places and employee was detected by RIA.

[Characteristic of natural organic matter removal by ferric and aluminium coagulation].

Natural organic matter removal efficiency and characteristic by ferric chloride and aluminium sulphate were studied. Results showed that ferric chloride was effective in natural organic matter removal when coagulant dosage was higher than 15 mg/L, while aluminium was effective at lower dosage. The TOC of water was reduced to 4.

[Genetic polymorphisms of short tandem repeat loci D4S2368, D6S1043, D9S925 from Korean ethnic group of JiLin].

Objective: To understand the allele structure and genetic polymorphism at D4S2368, D6S1043, D9S925 short tandem repeat (STR) loci in Korean ethnic group of Jilin, and to construct a preliminary database.

Methods: The allele frequencies of the three STRs loci in 310 unrelated individuals from Korean ethnic individuals were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).

Results: Seven, thirteen, and nine alleles were observed at D4S2368, D6S1043, and D9S925 loci, respectively, and all loci met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (except D6S1043).

Population genetics for Y-chromosomal STRs haplotypes of Chinese Korean ethnic group in northeastern China.

Y-chromosomal STRs loci were analyzed from a sample of 201 healthy unrelated male individuals of Chinese Korean ethnic group. Allele and haplotype frequencies for DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS388, DYS389 I, DYS389 II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439 were determined by the general PCR and silver staining methods. The gene diversity values for the Y-STRs loci ranged from 0.

[Effects of potassium permanganate on natural organic matter chlorination activity].

Effects of potassium permanganate (PP) oxidation on natural organic matter(NOM) chlorination activity was studied in the article. Natural organic matter was separated into humic acid (HA), fulvic acid(FA), hydrophilic acid(HPIA) and non-hydrophilic acid (HPI-NA) fraction four fractions by XAD resin adsorption technique. Potassium permanganate oxidation alone increased HA and HPIA chlorination activity and decrease that of FA and HPI-NA.

Effects of UV intensity and water turbidity on microbial indicator inactivation.

The effects of UV intensity and turbidity on selected microbial indicator inactivation were investigated. Results showed that UV disinfection was effective in killing all the selected microbial indicators, the resistance order of the microorganisms was as follows: MS-2 coliphage > Bacillus subtilis > E. coli > Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.

[Synergistic disinfection of Bacillus subtilis spores by UV irradiation and chlorine].

The inactivation effect of Bacillus subtilis spores was studied, both UV irradiation and chlorine disinfection individual and combined application process was examined with laboratory water samples. Results show that only 0.53 lg reduction was achieved by chlorine with CT value of 300 (mg x min)/L, UV irradiation is more effective than that of chlorination, at a UV dose of 40mJ/cm2 results in 3.

[Genetic polymorphisms of Penta D and E loci in Korean racial Chinese of Yanbian area in China].

Objective: To analyze genetic polymorphisms of Penta D and E loci in Korean racial Chinese of Yanbian area.

Methods: One hundred unrelated individuals of Korean racial Chinese were analyzed by methods of PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results: Eight alleles and 22 genotypes were observed from Penata D locus, and 16 alleles and 35 genotypes were observed from Penta E locus.

Y chromosomal STR haplotypes in the northeastern China Han population.

Haplotype frequencies of 20 Y chromosome STR loci, DYS19, DYS385 (a/b), DYS389 (I, II), DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS434, DYS435, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS441, DYS442, DYS444, DYS445, DYS446, DYS452 and DYS456 were determined from a sample of 122 unrelated males in the northeastern China Han populations.

Allele frequencies for nine STR loci in a Korean ethnic group from northeast China.

Allele frequencies for the nine tetrameric short tandem repeats (STR) loci D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820 (AmpFlSTR) Profiler Plus PCR Amplification kit, PE Applied Biosystems) were determined in 109 unrelated Korean ethnic group individuals from northeast China.

Haplotype diversity in mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region I, II and III in a Korean ethnic group from northeast China.

Sequence polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region, hypervariable regions HVR I, II and III, from 55 unrelated Korean ethnic group individuals from northeast China (YanBian area) were determined by PCR amplification and cycle sequencing.