General Treatments Promoting Independent Living in Parkinson's Patients and Physical Therapy Approaches for Improving Gait-A Comprehensive Review.

This study delves into the multifaceted approaches to treating Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting motor function but also manifesting in a variety of symptoms that vary greatly among individuals. The complexity of PD symptoms necessitates a comprehensive treatment strategy that integrates surgical interventions, pharmacotherapy, and physical therapy to tailor to the unique needs of each patient. Surgical options, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), have been pivotal for patients not responding adequately to medication, offering significant symptom relief.

A Comprehensive Review: Robot-Assisted Treatments for Gait Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients.

Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) is at the cutting edge of stroke rehabilitation, offering a groundbreaking method to improve motor recovery and enhance the quality of life for stroke survivors. This review investigates the effectiveness and application of various RAGT systems, including both end-effector and exoskeleton robots, in facilitating gait enhancements. The selection process for this comprehensive analysis involved a meticulous review of the literature from databases such as PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, focusing on studies published between 2018 and 2023.

Vibration, and temperature run-to-failure dataset of ball bearing for prognostics.

Condition based maintenance (CBM) has become a very important issue in the industry because it can decrease the inventory as the need of parts can be planned by the identification of a potential failure. However, in order to predict the life span of the ball bearing, it is necessary to acquire data according to the all life span of the bearing. This article presents the time-series dataset, including vibration, and temperature, of the ball bearing under run-to-failure.

Cardiovascular hardware simulator and artificial aorta-generated central blood pressure waveform database according to various vascular ages for cardiovascular health monitoring applications.

This study presents a database of central blood pressure waveforms according to cardiovascular health conditions, to supplement the lack of clinical data in cardiovascular health research, constructed by a cardiovascular simulator. Blood pressure (BP) is the most frequently measured biomarker, and in addition to systolic and diastolic pressure, its waveform represents the various conditions of cardiovascular health. A BP waveform is formed by overlapping the forward and reflected waves, which are affected by the pulse wave velocity (PWV).

Reproduction of human blood pressure waveform using physiology-based cardiovascular simulator.

This study presents a cardiovascular simulator that mimics the human cardiovascular system's physiological structure and properties to reproduce the human blood pressure waveform. Systolic, diastolic blood pressures, and its waveform are key indicators of cardiovascular health. The blood pressure waveform is closely related to the pulse wave velocity and the overlap of the forward and reflected pressure waves.

Experimental characterization of a shape optimized acoustic lens: Application to compact speakerphone design.

This work presents the shape optimization and subsequent experimental validation of an acoustic lens with application to a compact loudspeaker, such as found in commercial speakerphones. The shape optimization framework is based on a combined lumped parameter and boundary element method model using free form deformation geometry parameterization. To test the optimized design, the loudspeaker lens is three-dimensionally printed and experimentally characterized under anechoic conditions on a finite baffle with respect to its off-axis frequency response.

Vibration, acoustic, temperature, and motor current dataset of rotating machine under varying operating conditions for fault diagnosis.

Rotating machines are often operated under various operating conditions. However, the characteristics of the data varies with their operating conditions. This article presents the time-series dataset, including vibration, acoustic, temperature, and driving current data of rotating machines under varying operating conditions.

Vibration and current dataset of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors with stator faults.

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are widely used in industry applications such as home appliances, manufacturing process, high-speed trains, and electric vehicles. Unexpected faults of PMSM are directly related to the significant losses in the engineered systems. The majority of motor faults are bearing fault (mechanical) and stator fault (electrical).

Correlation analysis of human upper arm parameters to oscillometric signal in automatic blood pressure measurement.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global deaths, making cardiovascular health monitoring important. Measuring blood pressure using an automatic sphygmomanometer is the most widely used method to monitor cardiovascular health due to its accessibility, convenience, and strong correlation with cardiovascular diseases. In this work, in order to estimate brachial artery diameter, stiffness, or thickness using an automatic sphygmomanometer, the correlation between upper arm parameters and the oscillometric signal was intensively investigated through analytical, numerical, and experimental approaches.

Deep learning based cough detection camera using enhanced features.

Coughing is a typical symptom of COVID-19. To detect and localize coughing sounds remotely, a convolutional neural network (CNN) based deep learning model was developed in this work and integrated with a sound camera for the visualization of the cough sounds. The cough detection model is a binary classifier of which the input is a two second acoustic feature and the output is one of two inferences ( or ).

A Helmholtz resonator on elastic foundation for measurement of the elastic coefficient of human skin.

A new sensing mechanism is proposed for the measurement of elasticity of human skin by utilizing Helmholtz resonator with a flexible membrane mounted at the bottom and putting on an elastic foundation. Elastic coefficient of human skin is modeled as the elastic foundation modulus, based on the assumption that human skin is equivalent to the Winkler foundation. For the Helmholtz resonator, the acoustic transmission loss (by which resonant frequency can be acquired) was derived by using the receptance coupling method, based on the theories of conventional Helmholtz resonator and fixed-edge membrane on elastic foundation.

Measurement of an Analyte Concentration in Test Solution by Using Helmholtz Resonator for Biosensor Applications.

In this paper, an indirect method of measuring an analyte concentration in a test solution using the resonant frequency change of a Helmholtz resonator is proposed, using a novel architecture of Helmholtz resonator filled with two kinds of fluids (fixed fluid and test solution). Since the analyte concentration yields changes of density and sound speed of the test solution, the resonant frequency of the proposed Helmholtz resonator is affected by the analyte concentration of the test solution. From this effect, the analyte concentration of the test solution can be measured by the spectrum of acoustic resonance of the Helmholtz resonator.

Electro-absorption modulator with an asymmetric coupled triple quantum well for low-voltage operation.

We present an electro-absorption modulator based on the enhanced electro-optic effect of an asymmetric coupled triple quantum well (ACTQW) to achieve a large transmittance difference at a low driving voltage for high-definition (HD) three-dimensional (3D) imaging applications. Our numerical calculations show that an ACTQW structure can provide a significantly lower-voltage operation without degrading the absorption coefficient change at the operating wavelength of 850 nm. The fabricated electro-absorption modulator (EAM) based on an ACTQW shows that the operating voltage can be reduced by nearly 50% compared with an EAM based on a conventional rectangular quantum well while also achieving a large transmittance difference in excess of 50%, which is in good agreement with the numerical calculation results.

Coupled tandem cavities based electro-absorption modulator with asymmetric tandem quantum well for high modulation performance at low driving voltage.

We propose and demonstrate a new electro-absorption modulator (EAM) based on coupled tandem cavities (CTC) having asymmetric tandem quantum well (ATQW) structure with separated electrode configuration to achieve large transmittance change over a broad spectral range at low driving voltage for high definition (HD) 3D imaging applications. Our theoretical calculations show that CTC with ATQW structure can provide large transmittance change over a wide spectral range at low driving voltage. By introducing separated electrode configuration, the fabricated EAM having CTC with ATQW structure shows a large transmittance change over 50%, almost three times larger spectral bandwidth compared to that of EAM having single cavity with a single thickness quantum well without significantly increasing the applied voltage.

Wide spectral bandwidth electro-absorption modulator using coupled micro-cavity with asymmetric tandem quantum well.

For reliable three dimensional (3D) imaging system, it is necessary for the optical shutter to have a wide spectral bandwidth operation and enhanced modulation depth. We propose an electro-absorption modulator (EAM) based on coupled Fabry-Perot cavities with micro-cavity (CCMC) which uses asymmetric tandem quantum wells (ATQWs) to obtain improved spectral bandwidth and enhanced modulation depth. Several modulator designs are investigated to obtain improved modulation performance such as wider spectral bandwidth and enhanced modulation depth.

Large aperture asymmetric Fabry Perot modulator based on asymmetric tandem quantum well for low voltage operation.

Large aperture image modulators used as demodulator in receiver path are an important component for the use in three dimensional (3D) image sensing. For practical applications, low voltage operation and high modulation performance are the key requirements for modulators. Here, we propose an asymmetric Fabry-Perot modulator (AFPM) with asymmetric tandem quantum wells (ATQWs) for 3D image sensing.