Metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis reveal the differential efficacy of areca nut and charred areca nut in treating constipation.

Background: Areca nut (AN) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for centuries to treat gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Charred AN (CAN) is a processed product of AN with similar therapeutic effects. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of AN and CAN for constipation via metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis.

Strictosamide alleviates acute lung injury via regulating T helper 17 cells, regulatory T cells, and gut microbiota.

Background: Nauclea officinalis (Pierre ex Pit.) Merr. & Chun (Rubiaceae) is widely used to treat respiratory diseases in China.

Protective Effects of Danmu Extract Syrup on Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Mice through Endothelial Barrier Repair.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Danmu Extract Syrup (DMS) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and explore the mechanism.

Methods: Seventy-two male Balb/C mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to a random number table (n=12), including control (normal saline), LPS (5 mg/kg), LPS+DMS 2.5 mL/kg, LPS+DMS 5 mL/kg, LPS+DMS 10 mL/kg, and LPS+Dexamethasone (DXM, 5 mg/kg) groups.

Regulation of intestinal micro ecology between raw and salt-processed Alpinia oxyphylla on renal injury rats.

Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus is one of the traditional Chinese medicine plants in the treatment of kidney injury. In clinical practice, crude Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus (CAOF) and salt-processed Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus (SAOF) are the two commonly used drugs specificated in the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the intestinal micro ecology regulation between CAOF and SAOF on DN has not been reported.

Chronic social comparison elicits depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in male rats.

Social comparison is a fundamental human characteristic; however, long-term social comparison may induce psychological stress and can lead to depression and anxiety. Recent studies have shown that nonhuman primates compare themselves with others; however, no studies have investigated whether social comparisons exist among rodents. In the present study, we established a rat model of social comparison.

Clinical factors affecting the long-term survival of breast cancer patients.

Objective: The average 5-year survival rate of breast cancer (BC) patients has been significantly prolonged with new therapeutic methods. However, their effects on BC patient long-term survival rates are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the specific clinical factors that can affect BC long-term survival.

Cynanotophyllosides E-F, two minor pregnane glycosides from the roots of cultivated .

Cynanotophyllosides E-F, two new minor pregnane glycosides were isolated from the antidepressant active fraction of cultivated , and their structures were determined as 12--vanilloyl-deacetylmetaplexigenin 3---D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)--D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)--D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)--D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)--D-digitoxopyranoside, and 12--nicotinoyl-deacetylmetaplexigenin 3---D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)--D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)--D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)--D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)--D-cymaropyranoside respectively, with the combination of spectroscopic and chemical analysis.

[Effects of Bupleurum chinense on the diversity of intestinal flora in depressed mice].

Bupleuri Radix, serving as the sovereign medicinal in many antidepressant compound preparations, has been proved effective in treating depression in mice, but its effect on the intestinal flora remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Bupleurum chinense(one of the original materials of Bupleuri Radix) on the behaviors and the diversity of intestinal flora of depressed mice. A depression mouse model was induced by repeated social defeat stress.

Determination of nootkatone in rat plasma by LC-tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study.

This study aimed to develop a rapid, sensitive, and specific LC-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of nootkatone in rat plasma. α-Cyperone was chosen as the internal standard (IS). The plasma was processed using a one-step acetonitrile protein precipitation method.

Chidamide increases the sensitivity of refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia cells to anthracyclines via regulation of the HDAC3 -AKT-P21-CDK2 signaling pathway.

Background: Induction therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen. However, many patients experience a relapse or exhibit refractory disease (R/R). There is an urgent need for more effective regimens to reverse anthracycline resistance in these patients.

Characteristics and prognostic significance of genetic mutations in acute myeloid leukemia based on a targeted next-generation sequencing technique.

To explore the characteristics and prognostic significance of genetic mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we screened the gene mutation profile of 171 previously untreated AML patients using a next-generation sequencing technique targeting 127 genes with potential prognostic significance. A total of 390 genetic alterations were identified in 149 patients with a frequency of 87.1%.

Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase genes in cotton (Gossypium spp.) in plant development and abiotic stresses.

Background: GGPP (geranylgeranyl diphosphate) is produced in the isoprenoid pathway and mediates the function of various plant metabolites, which is synthesized by GGPPS (GGPP synthases) in plants. GGPPS characterization has not been performed in any plant species except Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we performed a complete computational and bioinformatics analysis of GGPPS and detected their transcription expression pattern in Gossypium hirsutum for the first time so that to explore their evolutionary relationship and potential functions.

Effect of Alpina oxyphylla extract on streptozotocin-induced kidney injure via regulating TGF-β1 and MyD88.

Background: Abnormal renal metabolism is closely related to the development of chronic kidney disease. It is well known that renal inflammation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tubulointerstitial damage in the renal tubules. The purpose of the experiment was to observe the bioactivity of Alpina oxyphylla extract (AOE) on renal injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ).

Memory Retrieval-Extinction Combined With Virtual Reality Reducing Drug Craving for Methamphetamine: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Relapse, often precipitated by drug-associated cues that evoke craving, is a key problem in the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). Drug-associated memories play a major role in the maintenance of relapse. Extinction training is a common method for decreasing drug craving by suppressing drug-associated memories.

Single‑cell RNA sequencing of t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia for risk prediction.

Single‑cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‑seq) of bone marrow or peripheral blood samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) enables the characterization of heterogeneous malignant cells. A total of 87 cells from two patients with t(8;21) AML were analyzed using scRNA‑seq. Clustering methods were used to separate leukemia cells into different sub‑populations, and the expression patterns of specific marker genes were used to annotate these populations.

A new indole alkaloid with HUVEC proliferation activities from .

A new indole alkaloid, namely naucleofficine H (), was obtained from the aqueous extract of , together with four known alkaloids, vincosamide (), strictosamide (), angustoline () and pumiloside (). Their structures were characterized by analyzing their physicochemical data including NMR, and HRMS. In addition, five compounds were tested for their proliferation activities.

Preparation and mechanism research of Ni-Co supported catalyst on hydrogen production from coal pyrolysis.

The combustible gas produced by coal pyrolysis can be used as a clean fuel to reduce environmental pollution caused by coal combustion. In order to improve the efficiency of coal pyrolysis to prepare flammable gases, Ni-Co supported pyrolysis catalysts were prepared by equal volume impregnation method using the pyrolysis coke of different pyrolysis final temperatures as the carrier in this study. The effects of different pyrolysis final temperatures and different metal loadings on pyrolysis products were studied.

Psychophysiological and self-reported responses in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder exposed to emotional video stimuli.

Individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) exhibit irritability and compulsive emotional responses, yet the relevant study is scarce. The characteristic of their positive and negative emotional responses can provide effective targets for the clinical intervention. In this study, we compared the emotional responses of 60 participants with MUD and 30 healthy participants to visual stimuli.

Identification of the Features of Emotional Dysfunction in Female Individuals With Methamphetamine Use Disorder Measured by Musical Stimuli Modulated Startle Reflex.

Emotional dysregulation contributes to the development of substance use disorders (SUDs) and is highly associated with drug abuse and relapse. Music as a contextual auditory stimulus can effectively stimulate the reward circuitry, modulate memory associated with drug taking, and enhance emotional experiences during drug taking. However, the studies of the emotional responses to music in individuals with SUDs are scarce.

Questionnaire-Based Maladaptive Decision-Coping Patterns Involved in Binge Eating Among 1013 College Students.

Binge Eating Disorder (BED), considered a public health problem because of its impact on psychiatric, physical, and social functioning, merits much attention given its elevation to an independent diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Similar with substance use disorders, some neuropsychological and personality constructs are potentially implicated in the onset and development of BED, in which poor decision-making has been suggested to facilitate overeating and BED. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between decision-coping patterns, monetary decision-making, and binge-eating behavior in young adults.

Measurement of pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of three bioactive constituents from Zanthoxylum armatum DC in rat plasma and tissues through UFLC-MS/MS.

The compounds of N-Methylanhydrotetrahydroberberrubine A, dictamnine and eudesmin were the primary bioactive components in the roots of Zanthoxylum armatum DC (Z. armatum). To clarify the pharmacokinetics and distribution of these three compounds, an ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS/MS) was employed to determine the contents of these three compounds in rat plasma and seven tissues.

Mindfulness-based relapse prevention combined with virtual reality cue exposure for methamphetamine use disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) is a method that combines cognitive behavioral relapse prevention with mindfulness practice. Research suggests that MBRP can effectively reduce withdrawal/craving in people with substance use disorder (SUD). An important part of MBRP is to practice mindfulness meditation to cope with high-risk situations for relapse, such as stimuli and situations associated with drug taking.

[Investigation of PRAM1 Expression Features and Their Clinical Significance in AML via Gene Expression Microarray Database].

Objective: To study the clinical phenotype and its prognostic value of PRAM1 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).

Methods: Based on the gene expression microarray platform of 486 AML cases, the PRAM1 expression phenotypes were summarized in all of AML subtypes. The PRAM1 expression features were explored in every differentiation stage of hematocytes through normal human stem cell chips and bone marrow gene expression microarray.

Regulatory crosstalk between KLF5, miR-29a and Fbw7/CDC4 cooperatively promotes atherosclerotic development.

Atherogenesis is a chronic inflammatory process that involves complex interactions between endothelial dysfunction, lipid deposition and vascular smooth-muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. We found that a pro-atherosclerotic factor (oxLDL) induced the expression of Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), which in turn increased miR-29a expression levels.