Total neoadjuvant treatment for MRI-stratified high-risk rectal cancer: a single-center, single-arm, prospective Phase II trial (PKUCH-R02).

Background: Induction chemotherapy combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been recommended for patients with high-risk, locally advanced rectal cancer. However, the benefit of more intensive total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) is unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of induction chemotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy and consolidation chemotherapy for magnetic resonance imaging-stratified high-risk rectal cancer.

Consolidation chemotherapy with capecitabine after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in high-risk patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: Propensity score study.

Background: The effects of consolidation chemotherapy (CC) in neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) have been explored. However, the optimal neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and surgery interval, regimen, and cycles of chemotherapy remains unclear.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of one to two cycles of CC with capecitabine on high-risk patients with LARC without extending NCRT and surgery interval.

Analysis of prognosis and treatment decisions for patients with second primary lung cancer following esophageal cancer.

Introduction: As the long-term prognosis of esophageal cancer (EC) is improving, concerns of a second primary malignancy (SPM) have increased. However, research on lung cancer as the SPM after EC is limited. Therefore, we aimed to explore the prognostic factors and clinical treatment decisions of patients with second primary lung cancer following esophageal cancer (SPLC-EC).

Improving the accuracy and consistency of clinical target volume delineation for rectal cancer by an education program.

Background: Accurate target volume delineation is the premise for the implementation of precise radiotherapy. Inadequate target volume delineation may diminish tumor control or increase toxicity. Although several clinical target volume (CTV) delineation guidelines for rectal cancer have been published in recent years, significant interobserver variation (IOV) in CTV delineation still exists among radiation oncologists.

Multicenter, Randomized, Phase III Trial of Short-Term Radiotherapy Plus Chemotherapy Versus Long-Term Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (STELLAR).

Purpose: To ascertain if preoperative short-term radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy is not inferior to a standard schedule of long-term chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: Patients with distal or middle-third, clinical primary tumor stage 3-4 and/or regional lymph node-positive rectal cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to short-term radiotherapy (25 Gy in five fractions over 1 week) followed by four cycles of chemotherapy (total neoadjuvant therapy [TNT]) or chemoradiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks, concurrently with capecitabine [chemoradiotherapy; CRT]). Total mesorectal excision was undertaken 6-8 weeks after preoperative treatment, with two additional cycles of CAPOX (intravenous oxaliplatin [130 mg/m, once a day] on day 1 and capecitabine [1,000 mg/m, twice a day] from days 1 to 14) in the TNT group and six cycles of CAPOX in the CRT group.

Patterns of failure and implications for clinical target volume definition of locally advanced T4b rectal cancer identified with magnetic resonance imaging and treated using neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery.

Background And Purpose: Elective irradiation of the external iliac lymph nodes (EIN) has always been advocated for T4b rectal cancer with anterior organ invasion without convincing evidence. This study aimed to explore the patterns of treatment failure for locally advanced T4b rectal cancer treated using neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and surgery. This information may help to clarify whether the current definition of the clinical target volume (CTV) is still appropriate.

Preliminary results of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiation therapy based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on locally advanced rectal cancer with clinically suspected positive lateral pelvic lymph nodes.

Background: Lateral pelvic lymph node (LPLN) is approximately 11-14% and always associated with poorer prognosis. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiation therapy (SIB-IMRT) based on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with clinically suspected positive LPLNs.

Methods: We retrospectively screened distal LARC patients with NCRT in our center from May 2016 and June 2019.

The watch-and-wait strategy versus surgical resection for rectal cancer patients with a clinical complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Background: The watch-and-wait strategy offers a non-invasive therapeutic alternative for rectal cancer patients who have achieved a clinical complete response (cCR) after chemoradiotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the long-term clinical outcomes of this strategy in comparation to surgical resection.

Methods: Stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and achieved a cCR were selected from the databases of three centers.

Radiosensitivity of Cancer Stem Cells in Lung Cancer Cell Lines.

The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been associated with relapse or poor outcomes after radiotherapy. Studying radioresistant CSCs may provide clues to overcoming radioresistance. Voltage-gated calcium channel α2δ1 subunit isoform 5 has been reported as a marker for radioresistant CSCs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines.

Calcium channel α2δ1 subunit (CACNA2D1) enhances radioresistance in cancer stem-like cells in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.

Purpose: Radiotherapy is a major treatment method for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the presence of radioresistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be associated with disease relapse or a poor outcome after radiotherapy. Voltage-gated calcium channel α2δ1 subunit (encoded by the gene ) isoform 5 is a marker of CSCs in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Pattern and Management of Recurrence of Mid-Low Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy: Single-Center Results of 687 Cases.

Background: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the pattern and the management of recurrence of rectal cancer treated with 22-fraction intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

Patients And Methods: This study included patients who underwent IMRT with gross tumor volume of 50.6 Gy in 22 fractions with concurrent capecitabine treatment over a period of 30 days, after which the patients underwent total mesorectal excision at Peking University Cancer Hospital (2007-2015).

Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 Gene Therapy for Advanced Unresectable Soft-Tissue Sarcomas.

Patients with unresectable advanced soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) receiving radiotherapy or/and chemotherapy still have a poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy and safety of recombinant adenovirus-p53 (rAd-p53) gene therapy combined with radiotherapy and hyperthermia for advanced STS. A total of 71 patients with advanced unresectable STS treated at the authors' center from April 2007 to November 2014 were included.

Associations of tumor regression grade with outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative two-week course of radiotherapy.

Purpose: Studies concerning tumor regression grade (TRG) after two-week course of radiotherapy (RT) are limited. We tried to assess associations of TRG and outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with preoperative two-week course of RT.

Methods: 356 consecutive LARC patients were retrospectively assessed.

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for pelvic oligo-recurrence from rectal cancer: long-term results from a single institution.

Background: Pelvic oligo-recurrence is common in rectal cancer patients, and some could not achieve radical resection.

Objective: The study was to analyze long-term outcomes and prognostic factors associated with survival in patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

Methods: Study participants were identified from rectal patients with pelvic oligo-recurrence without distant metastases, who were not suitable for surgery (n=135).

Intermediate Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy Combined With Total Mesorectal Excision for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Outcomes After a Median Follow-Up of 5 Years.

Background: We previously reported the oncologic results for intermediate neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nRT) plus total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advanced rectal cancer in a retrospective study. The objective of the present study was to further investigate the efficacy and long-term outcomes after this nRT regimen.

Patients And Methods: From 2002 to 2011, 382 patients with resectable locally advanced rectal cancer were treated at the Peking University Cancer Hospital with 30 Gy of intermediate nRT in 10 fractions (biologic equivalent dose, 36 Gy) plus TME.

Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Background: We previously conducted a prospective phase II clinical trial studying a unique 22-fraction neoadjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine treatment followed by total mesorectal excision for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Objective: The objective of this study was to retrospectively review the efficacy, toxicity, and surgical complications following intensity-modulated radiotherapy in patients who have rectal cancer.

Design: This was a retrospective study.

Two-week Course of Preoperative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma: 8 Years' Experience in a Single Institute.

Objectives: To evaluate local control and survival in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma patients who underwent a preoperative 2-week course of radiotherapy (RT) and to identify prognostic factors influencing the survival rate.

Methods: We analyzed 377 consecutively treated patients with locally advanced (T3/T4 or node positive) rectal adenocarcinoma. All patients underwent a preoperative 2-week course of RT (30 Gy in 10 fractions) followed by curative surgery.

[Comparison of two different chemotherapy regimens for concurrent chemoradiotherapy in stage Ib2 to IVa squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix].

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of two chemotherapy regimens for concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with stage Ib2 to IVa squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Methods: Between November 2007 and November 2011, 146 patients with stage Ib2 to IVa squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Peking University Cancer Hospital were analyzed. All cases were divided into two groups according to the different chemotherapy regimens during radiation therapy, the group receiving radiotherapy concomitant with weekly cisplatin or nedaplatin alone (platinum alone group, n = 59), the group receiving radiotherapy concomitant with cisplatin plus fluorouracil or nedaplatin plus tegafur every 3 weeks (combined group, n = 87).

[Clinical observation of accelerated partial-breast intensity-modulated radiotherapy in patients with early-stage breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery].

Objective: To explore the clinical feasibility of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Methods: Twenty-six patients with T1N0M0 breast cancer were enrolled into a prospective accelerated partial-breast IMRT protocol between January 2008 and January 2010. Inverse planning of IMRT was employed at a prescribed dose of 34 Gy/10 f/5 d.

Volumetric-modulated arc therapy vs. c-IMRT in esophageal cancer: a treatment planning comparison.

Aim: To compare the volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans with conventional sliding window intensity-modulated radiotherapy (c-IMRT) plans in esophageal cancer (EC).

Methods: Twenty patients with EC were selected, including 5 cases located in the cervical, the upper, the middle and the lower thorax, respectively. Five plans were generated with the eclipse planning system: three using c-IMRT with 5 fields (5F), 7 fields (7F) and 9 fields (9F), and two using VMAT with a single arc (1A) and double arcs (2A).

[Incidence and risk factors of amputation among inpatients with diabetic foot].

Objective: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of lower extremity amputation among inpatients with diabetic foot.

Methods: For this retrospective study, a total of 685 inpatients with diabetic foot (Wagner grade 1-5) admitted at a multi-disciplinary Diabetic Foot Care Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University during January 1, 2005 and June 30, 2011. The data of each patient including clinical information, laboratory results and final outcome were collected and analyzed.

Preoperative concomitant boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy with oral capecitabine in locally advanced mid-low rectal cancer: a phase II trial.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of preoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with oral capecitabine in patients with locally advanced mid-low rectal cancer using a concomitant boost technique.

Materials And Methods: Patients with resectable locally advanced mid-low rectal cancer (node-negative ≥T3 or any node-positive tumor) were eligible. The eligible patients received IMRT to 2 dose levels simultaneously (50.

Combination of Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 with Radiochemotherapy in Unresectable Pancreatic Carcinoma.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of the combination of recombinant adenovirus-p53 (rAd-p53) with radiochemotherapy for treating unresectable pancreatic carcinoma.

Methods: The eligible patients received concurrent rAd-p53 intratumoral injection and radiochemotherapy. Intratumoral injection of rAd-p53 was guided by B ultrasound.

[Estimating intraday blood glucose variability through self-monitoring of blood glucose in people with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes].

Objective: To investigate the associations between the patterns of change of self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) and the parameters of intraday blood glucose variability [mean absolute glucose excursions (MAGE), mean postprandial glucose excursion (MPPGE) and standard deviation of blood glucose (sBG)] measured by the continuous glucose monitoring system.

Methods: A 72-hour continuous glucose monitoring was performed in a sample 105 people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGR, n=51) and newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, n=54) to calculate MAGE, MPPGE and sBG. Meanwhile, fingertip blood glucose self-monitoring was performed to determine fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood glucose after breakfast (BG(AB)), blood glucose before lunch (BG(BL)), blood glucose after lunch (BG(AL)), blood glucose before supper (BG(BS)), blood glucose after supper (BG(AS)), and blood glucose before sleeping (BG(BR)) at the same period of time.