Single and Dual Task Gait Speed in Frailty Screening of Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objective: This study compares dual task (DT) gait speed between robust and frail older adults in the setting of a community-based frailty screening program.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving older adults aged 50 years or older. Participants were categorized as robust, pre-frail or frail using the FRAIL phenotype.

Biomechanical differences of Asian knee osteoarthritis patients during standing and walking using statistical parametric mapping: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Biomechanics of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients have been extensively studied using motion capture systems, but less have explored standing knee joint angles with the walking parameters, particularly in Asians. We aim to determine gait biomechanical differences between healthy and KOA participants in an Asian population using One-dimensional Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM1D) and explore if they are associated with standing joint angles.

Methods: A total of 20 KOA and 24 healthy stood upright and walked 10 m at self-selected speeds.

Exploring the role of the built environment and psychosocial mediators on knee function in knee osteoarthritis patients in Singapore: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: (1) To examine if a more accessible built environment (BE) is significantly associated with better knee function outcomes in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients. (2) To assess if the relationship between BE and knee function is mediated by fear of movement and self-efficacy.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Antimicrobial surface coating in the emergency department as protective technology for infection control (ASEPTIC): a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: We examined the effectiveness of an antimicrobial surface coating for continual disinfection of high touch-frequency surfaces in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Following a preliminary observation identifying stretcher rails as the surface with highest touch-frequency in the ED, we conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial involving 96 stretcher rails. The stretchers were randomized to receive an antimicrobial surface coating or placebo coating.

Is Kinesiophobia Associated With Quality of Life, Level of Physical Activity, and Function in Older Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis?

Background: Beyond knee pain itself, the fear of movement, also known as kinesiophobia, recently has been proposed as a potential factor contributing to disability and functional limitation in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Nevertheless, the available evidence on the association of kinesiophobia with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in knee OA remains limited.

Questions/purposes: Among patients with nonoperatively treated knee OA, we asked: (1) Is kinesiophobia associated with decreased quality of life (QoL), functional outcomes, and physical activity? (2) What are the patient disease and psychosocial demographic factors associated with kinesiophobia?

Methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study of 406 general orthopaedic patients from two urban, referral-based tertiary hospitals in Singapore under a single healthcare group who received nonoperative treatment for knee OA.

Associations of 2 Established Methods of Measuring Gait Speed and Sit-To-Stand Performance with Frailty and Life-Space Mobility in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: The 4-m gait speed (4mGS) and 10-m gait speed (10mGS) tests and the 30-second sit-to-stand (30sSTS) and 5-times sit-to-stand (5xSTS) tests are commonly used and advocated in consensus recommendations. We compared these tests on their predictive and clinical value concerning the risk of prefrailty/frailty and restricted life-space mobility (RLSM).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Time to Navigate: A Practical Objective Clinical Measure for Freezing of Gait Severity in People With Parkinson Disease.

Objectives: To provide an easy-to-use measure, as existing objective assessments for freezing of gait (FOG) severity may be unwieldy for routine clinical practice, this study explored time taken to complete the recently validated FOG severity tool and its components.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: Outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital.

Effect of Context Specificity on Response to the Shortened WOMAC Function Scale in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Objective: To determine, in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), whether increasing context specificity of selected items of the shortened version of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index function (WOMAC-F) scale (ShortMAC-F) (1) enhanced the convergent validity of the ShortMAC-F with performance-based mobility measures (ii) affected mean scale score, structural validity, reliability, and interpretability.

Design: Secondary analysis of randomized clinical trial data.

Setting: A tertiary teaching hospital.

Collaborative model of care between orthopaedics and allied healthcare professionals (CONNACT) in knee osteoarthritis: Effectiveness-implementation hybrid randomized controlled trial of a community-based, multidisciplinary, stratified intervention.

Objective: To compare the clinical and cost effectiveness of the Collaborative Model of Care between Orthopaedics and Allied Healthcare Professionals (CONNACT), a community-based, stratified, multidisciplinary intervention consisting of exercise, education, psychological and nutrition delivered through a chronic care model to usual hospital care in adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Pragmatic, parallel-arm, single-blinded superiority RCT trial. Community-dwelling, ambulant adults with knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade > 1; Knee Injury and OA Outcome Score (KOOS) ≤75) were enrolled.

Modifying the Mobility Scale for Acute Stroke (MSAS) for All Stroke Phases (MSAS): Measurement Properties and Clinical Application.

Objective: To develop and examine the measurement properties and interpretability of the Mobility Scale for "All" Stroke Phases (MSAS) as a potential single outcome measure to capture improvements in physical function throughout the stroke continuum.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation unit.

Cost and outcomes of Hospital-based Usual cAre versus Tele-monitor self-directed Rehabilitation (HUATR) in patients with total knee arthroplasty: A randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telemonitored self-directed rehabilitation (TR) compared with hospital-based rehabilitation (HBR) for patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Design: In this randomized, non-inferiority clinical trial, 114 patients with primary TKA who were able to walk independently preoperatively were randomized to receive HBR (n = 58) or TR (n = 56). HBR comprised at least five physical therapy sessions over 10 weeks.

Using item response theory to estimate interpretation threshold values for the Frailty Index in community dwelling older adults.

Background: Although the frailty index (FI) is designed as a continuous measure of frailty, thresholds are often needed to guide its interpretation. This study aimed to introduce and demonstrate the utility of an item response theory (IRT) method in estimating FI interpretation thresholds in community-dwelling adults and to compare them with cutoffs estimated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) method.

Methods: A sample of 1,149 community-dwelling adults (mean[SD], 68[7] years) participated in this cross-sectional study.

Time course and correlates of psychological distress post spinal surgery: A longitudinal study.

Background: Psychological distress post lumbar spine surgery is associated with poorer outcomes. There is a scarcity of studies devoted to analyzing the risk factors associated with psychological distress in patients who have undergone lumbar fusion surgery. The purpose of this study was to (1) describe the time course and severity of psychological distress using the STarT Back Tool (SBT) and (2) determine the demographic and clinical predictors of SBT score post lumbar spine fusion surgery.

Reliability and variability of physiotherapists scoring freezing of gait through video analysis.

Background: The "gold standard" marker for freezing of gait severity is percentage of time spent with freezing observed through video analysis.

Objective: This study examined inter- and intra-rater reliability and variability of physiotherapists rating freezing of gait severity through video analysis and explored the effects of experience.

Methods: Thirty physiotherapists rated 14 videos of Timed Up and Go performance by people with Parkinson's and gait freezing.

Validity and reliability of a new clinician-rated tool for freezing of gait severity.

Purpose: The Freezing of Gait Severity Tool (FOG Tool) was developed because of limitations in existing assessments. This cross-sectional study investigated its validity and reliability.

Methods: People with Parkinson's disease (PD) were recruited consecutively from clinics.

Scoring festination and gait freezing in people with Parkinson's: The freezing of gait severity tool-revised.

Background And Purpose: To improve existing clinical assessments for freezing of gait (FOG) severity, a new clinician-rated tool which integrates the varied types of freezing (FOG Severity Tool-Revised) was developed. This cross-sectional study investigated its validity and reliability.

Methods: People with Parkinson's disease who were able to independently ambulate eight-metres and understand study instructions were consecutively recruited from outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital.

Estimating cutpoints of gait speed and sit-to-stand test values for self-reported mobility limitations in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults from Singapore: comparing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with adjusted predictive modelling.

Objectives: Clinical interpretability of the gait speed and 5-times sit-to-stand (5-STS) tests is commonly established by comparing older adults with and without self-reported mobility limitations (SRML) on gait speed and 5-STS performance, and estimating clinical cutpoints for SRML using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) method. Accumulating evidence, however, suggests that the adjusted predictive modeling (APM) method may be more appropriate to estimate these interpretational cutpoints. Thus, we aimed to compare, in community-dwelling older adults, gait speed and 5-STS cutpoints estimated using the ROC and APM methods.

Associations of height, weight, and body mass index with handgrip strength: A Bayesian comparison in older adults.

Background & Aims: Handgrip strength is commonly normalized or stratified by body size to define subgroup-specific cut-points and reference limits values. However, it remains unclear which anthropometric variable is most strongly associated with handgrip strength. We aimed to, in older adults with no self-reported mobility limitations, determine whether height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were meaningfully associated with handgrip strength.

Development and validation of a physical frailty phenotype index-based model to estimate the frailty index.

Background: The conventional count-based physical frailty phenotype (PFP) dichotomizes its criterion predictors-an approach that creates information loss and depends on the availability of population-derived cut-points. This study proposes an alternative approach to computing the PFP by developing and validating a model that uses PFP components to predict the frailty index (FI) in community-dwelling older adults, without the need for predictor dichotomization.

Methods: A sample of 998 community-dwelling older adults (mean [SD], 68 [7] years) participated in this prospective cohort study.

Discordance Between Self-Reported and Performance-Based Physical Function in Patients Who Have Knee Osteoarthritis: Associations With Pain Intensity and Negative Affect.

Background: Although self-reported measures of physical disability are strong indication criterion for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in painful knee osteoarthritis (OA), some patients may report greater-than-observed disability. Contributing factors to this discordance are relatively unexplored. We aimed to examine whether pain and negative affect, including anxiety and depression, were associated with the discordance of self-reported measures with performance-based measures (PPM) of physical function.