Introduction: Skin is the first-line barrier defense against infection, irradiation, and toxins, but is prone to natural aging (intrinsic aging) and environmental factors (extrinsic aging). Hence, there is an increasing urgency to explore an effective treatment for aging skin. This study was focused on testing the potential of utilizing adipocyte stem cell derived exosomal as nanomedicine to regenerate the dermal layer and counteract signs of skin aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Accurate and comprehensive genomic annotation, including the full list of protein-coding genes, is vital for understanding the molecular mechanisms of human biology. We have previously shown that the genome contains a multitude of yet hidden functional exons and transcripts, some of which might represent novel mRNAs. These results resonate with those from other groups and strongly argue that two decades after the completion of the first draft of the human genome sequence, the current annotation of human genes and transcripts remains far from being complete.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarrier-free self-assembly has gradually shifted the focus of research on natural products, which effectively improve the bioavailability and the drug-loading rate. However, in spite of the existing studies, the development of self-assembled natural phytochemicals that possess pharmacological effects still has scope for further exploration and enhancement. Herein, a nano-delivery system was fabricated through the direct self-assembly of Rhein and Matrine and was identified as a self-assembled Rhein-Matrine nanoparticles (RM NPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study synthesized core/shell gold-platinum nanoparticles and characterized their colorimetric properties; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles exhibited distinct colors from conventional gold nanoparticles. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were subjected to lateral flow assays using Protein A, and the results revealed that they outperformed conventional spherical gold nanoparticles in terms of color development. This improvement can be attributed to the distinct core/shell structures of our nanoparticles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo overcome limitations in the generalizability and efficiency of current AAV vectors, in this current study, we constructed an AAV variant library by the insertion of random heptapeptide sequences in the receptor-binding domain of the AAV9 capsid gene. We then applied a recently developed organ-on-a-chip model of the human blood-brain barrier (BBB) to iteratively enrich for variants that efficiently cross the BBB and transduce astrocyte cells. Through multiple rounds of screening, we obtained two candidate AAV variants, AAV-M6 and AAV-M8, which showed significantly higher BBB penetration efficiency than AAV9 or AAV-PHP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeveraging publicly available genetic datasets, we conducted a comprehensive 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal links between 731 immunophenotypes and the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC). To ensure the robustness of our findings, extensive sensitivity analyses were performed, evaluating stability, heterogeneity, and potential horizontal pleiotropy. Our analysis pinpointed 24 immunophenotypes significantly associated with the risk of PC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE J Biomed Health Inform
March 2024
Deep learning in ultrasound(US) imaging aims to construct foundational models that accurately reflect the modality's unique characteristics. Nevertheless, the limited datasets and narrow task types have restricted this field in recent years. To address these challenges, we introduce US-MTD120K, a multi-task ultrasound dataset with 120,354 real-world two-dimensional images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Red yeast rice (RYR), a natural lipid-lowering agent, is widely used in clinical practice. However, the existing meta-analyses concerning the safety of RYR preparations have yielded inconsistent results, and the credibility of the evidence has not been quantified.
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the existing evidence and offer a comprehensive understanding of the associations between the use of RYR preparations and various adverse health outcomes.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
April 2024
Because it is safe and has a simple genome, recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is an extremely appealing vector for delivery in in vivo gene therapy. However, its low transduction efficiency for some cells, limits its further application in the field of gene therapy. Bleomycin is a chemotherapeutic agent approved by the FDA whose effect on rAAV transduction has not been studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Bioeng Biotechnol
August 2023
C-phycocyanin (C-PC), a photosynthetic protein obtained from , is regarded a highly promising commercially available biochemical. Numerous and studies have provided evidence of C-PC's ability to mitigate the inflammatory response, alleviate oxidative stress, and facilitate wound healing. However, despite the existing knowledge regarding C-PC's protective mechanism against cellular apoptosis induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, further experiments are needed to explore its anti-photoaging mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndogenous single-stranded DNA (essDNA) can form in a mammalian genome as the result of a variety of molecular processes and can both play important roles inside the cell as well as have detrimental consequences to genome integrity, much of which remains to be fully understood. Here, we established the SSiNGLe-P1 approach based on limited digestion by P1 endonuclease for high-throughput genome-wide identification of essDNA regions. We applied this method to profile essDNA in both human mitochondrial and nuclear genomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is an extremely attractive vector in the in vivo delivery of gene therapy as it is safe and its genome is simple. However, challenges including low permissiveness to specific cells and restricted tissue specificity have hindered its clinical application. Based on the previous studies, epidermal growth factor receptor-protein tyrosine kinase (EGFR-PTK) negatively regulated rAAV transduction, and EGFR-positive cells were hardly permissive to rAAV transduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Conversion or editing of adenosine (A) into inosine (I) catalyzed by specialized cellular enzymes represents one of the most common post-transcriptional RNA modifications with emerging connection to disease. A-to-I conversions can happen at specific sites and lead to increase in proteome diversity and changes in RNA stability, splicing, and regulation. Such sites can be detected as adenine-to-guanine sequence changes by next-generation RNA sequencing which resulted in millions reported sites from multiple genome-wide surveys.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGentian is a traditional Chinese herb with heat-clearing, damp-drying, inflammation-alleviating and digestion-promoting effects, which is widely used in clinical practice. However, there are many species of gentian. According to the pharmacopoeia, Gentiana manshurica Kitag, Gentiana scabra Bge, Gentiana triflora Pall and Gentianarigescens Franch are included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe proper replication of mitochondrial DNA is key to the maintenance of this crucial organelle. Multiple studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of replication of the mitochondrial genome have been conducted in the past several decades; however, while highly informative, they were conducted using relatively low-sensitivity techniques. Here, we established a high-throughput approach based on next-generation sequencing to identify replication start sites with nucleotide-level resolution and applied it to the genome of mitochondria from different human and mouse cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(Nees) Bremek () is an essential traditional Chinese herb that is commonly used to treat colds, fever, and influenza. Indole alkaloids, such as indigo and indirubin, are the primary active constituents of . The indole-producing reaction is crucial for regulating the flow of indole alkaloids metabolites along the pathways and coordinating primary and secondary product biosynthesis in plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFhas been identified as a sustainable source of rich proteins with diverse functionalities and bioactivities. After extracting C-phycocyanin (C-PC) and lipids in a biorefinery process, the spent biomass still contains a large proportion of proteins with potential for biopeptide production. In this study, the residue was digested using Papain, Alcalase, Trypsin, Protamex 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe human genome encodes a multitude of different noncoding transcripts that have been traditionally separated on the basis of their lengths into long (>200 nt) or small (<200 nt) noncoding RNAs. The functions, mechanisms of action, and biological relevance of the vast majority of both long and short noncoding transcripts remain unknown. However, according to the functional understanding of the known classes of long and small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) that have been shown to play crucial roles in multiple biological processes, it is generally assumed that many unannotated long and small transcripts participate in important cellular functions as well.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCartilage degeneration and inflammation are important features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Chondrocyte inflammation and apoptosis have been increasingly demonstrated to be related to cartilage decomposition. In this study, we analyzed the protective role of kallistatin against RA and its associated mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcquisition of a standard section is a prerequisite for ultrasound diagnosis. For a long time, there has been a lack of clear definitions of standard liver views because of physician experience. The accurate automated scanning of standard liver sections, however, remains one of ultrasonography medicine's most important issues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent seminal studies have revealed that endosomal reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote rather than inhibit viral infection. Some ROS generators, including shikonin and HO, have the potential to enhance recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) transduction. However, the impact of ROS on rAAV intracellular trafficking remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdeno-associated virus (AAV) is a versatile gene vector that is widely used in mammalian research. In basic studies and large-scale AAV production, genetic testing is ubiquitous and routine polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based tests limit the efficiency due to the labor-intensive and time-consuming requirements of thermal cycling. This study introduces an assay based on recombinase-aided amplification combined with lateral flow (LF-RAA), which can quickly and accurately detect the AAV genome, thus improving the efficiency of AAV research and production.
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