Three-dimensional source position verification in image-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy using an XCT-based gel dosimeter.

Background: Comprehensive quality assurance (QA) for a seamless workflow of high-dose-rate brachytherapy, from imaging to planning and irradiation, is uncommon, and QA of the source dwell position is performed in one- or two-dimensions. Gel dosimetry using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is effective in verifying the three-dimensional distribution of doses for image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT). However, MRI scanners are not readily accessible, and MRI scanning is time-consuming.

Current Status and Issues of Collaboration Between Physicians and Pharmacists in Fertility Preservation.

This study addresses the critical issue of fertility preservation among young patients with cancer in Japan, recognizing the brief decision-making window and the need for comprehensive support. Pharmacists, well-versed in the side effects of anticancer drugs, can play a vital role in this support process. However, the extent of pharmacists' involvement in fertility preservation remains unclear.

Clinical and biomarker factors affecting survival in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer receiving olaparib monotherapy: a multicenter retrospective study.

The standard treatment for platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC) is platinum-based chemotherapy followed by olaparib monotherapy. A retrospective study was conducted to identify factors affecting the survival of patients with PSROC undergoing olaparib monotherapy in real-world clinical settings. The study enrolled 122 patients who received olaparib monotherapy between April 2018 and December 2020 at three national centers in Japan.

Impact of Na Concentration on the Phase Transition Behavior and H Conductivities in the Ba-Li-Na-H-O Oxyhydride System.

K NiF -type Ba-Li oxyhydride (BLHO) transitions to a so-called hydride superionic conductor, exhibiting a high and essentially temperature-independent hydride ion (H ) conductivity over 0.01 S cm through the disordering of H vacancies above 300 °C. In this study, a Ba-Li-Na-H-O oxyhydride system synthesized in which lithium is partially substituted with sodium in BLHO and investigated the effects of Na content on the phase transition behavior and the conductivity.

Patient-associated risk factors for severe anemia in patients with advanced ovarian or breast cancer receiving olaparib monotherapy: A multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Olaparib-induced anemia is a frequently occurring complication in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, or primary peritoneal cancer and is associated with a marked deterioration in patients' health-related quality of life. This study aimed to clarify patient-specific risk factors for severe anemia in patients with advanced ovarian or breast cancer receiving olaparib monotherapy in a real-world setting.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, observational study enrolled consecutively presenting patients with advanced ovarian or breast cancer who received olaparib monotherapy as maintenance or palliative treatment between April 2018 and December 2020 at three participating medical institutions in Japan.

Evaluation of a Webinar for Pharmacists Learning Basic Clinical-Oncology during COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan.

It is essential for oncology pharmacists to update their knowledge, skills, and ethical attitudes. The Japanese Society of Pharmaceutical Oncology is an academic society for healthcare professionals involved in cancer treatment. It has conducted in-person seminars every year to cultivate the knowledge necessary for practicing advanced cancer medicine.

Unexpectedly Large Contribution of Oxygen to Charge Compensation Triggered by Structural Disordering: Detailed Experimental and Theoretical Study on a LiNbO-NiO Binary System.

Dependence on lithium-ion batteries for automobile applications is rapidly increasing. The emerging use of anionic redox can boost the energy density of batteries, but the fundamental origin of anionic redox is still under debate. Moreover, to realize anionic redox, many reported electrode materials rely on manganese ions through π-type interactions with oxygen.

Guidance on the need for contraception related to use of pharmaceuticals: the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development Study Group for providing information on the proper use of pharmaceuticals in patients with reproductive potential.

Background: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) have published guidelines on the use of cancer treatments in young people of reproductive potential.

Fine microstructure formation in steel under ultrafast heating and cooling.

This study evaluates phase transformation kinetics under ultrafast cooling using femtosecond X-ray diffraction for the operand measurements of the dislocation densities in Fe-0.1 mass% C-2.0 mass% Mn martensitic steel.

Anomalously High Ionic Conductivity of LiSiS-Type Conductors.

Solid-state electrolytes that exhibit high ionic conductivities at room temperature are key materials for obtaining the next generation of safer, higher-specific-energy solid-state batteries. However, the number of currently available crystal structures for use as superionic conductors remains limited. Here, we report a lithium superionic conductor, LiSiS, with tetragonal crystal symmetry, which possesses a new three-dimensional framework structure consisting of isolated edge-sharing tetrahedral dimers.

Hydride-ion-conducting KNiF-type Ba-Li oxyhydride solid electrolyte.

Hydrogen transport in solids, applied in electrochemical devices such as fuel cells and electrolysis cells, is key to sustainable energy societies. Although using proton (H) conductors is an attractive choice, practical conductivity at intermediate temperatures (200-400 °C), which would be ideal for most energy and chemical conversion applications, remains a challenge. Alternatively, hydride ions (H), that is, monovalent anions with high polarizability, can be considered a promising charge carrier that facilitates fast ionic conduction in solids.

Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 for fertility preservation in childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer patients: part 2.

The Japan Society of Clinical Oncology (JSCO) published the "JSCO Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 for Fertility Preservation in Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer Patients" in 2017. This was the first guideline in cancer reproductive medicine in Japan. In the field of cancer reproductive medicine, close cooperation between an oncologist and a physician for reproductive medicine is important from before treatment initiation until long after treatment.

Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 for fertility preservation in childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer patients: part 1.

In 2017, the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology (JSCO) published the JSCO Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 for Fertility Preservation in Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer Patients. These were the first Japanese guidelines to address issues of oncofertility. In this field of medicine, sustained close cooperation between oncologists and reproductive specialists is essential from the diagnosis of cancer until many years after completion of cancer treatment.

LiGePS-Type Structured Solid Solution Phases in the LiPSO System: Controlling Crystallinity by Synthesis to Improve the Air Stability.

Understanding the fast Li ionic conductors of oxygen-substituted thiophosphates is useful for developing all-solid-state batteries because these compounds possess a high electrochemical stability and thus may be applied as solid electrolytes. In this study, we synthesized the LiPSO series of solid solution phases with the same structure as the LiGePS superionic conductor and characterized their crystallinity, solid solution range, and chemical stabilities. Two methods (mechanochemical and melt quenching) were used for sample synthesis.

Evaluation of a web-based educational programme for pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.

What Is Known And Objective: Continuing education is essential for pharmacists to acquire and maintain the knowledge, skills, and ethical attitudes necessary for clinical practice. However, with the emergence of COVID-19, the social circumstances and face-to-face learning environments have changed. The objectives of this study were to determine Japanese pharmacists' perception of a web-based educational programme in oncology, and assess changes in their understanding of pharmaceutical care in oncology before and after their participation in the webinar.

Subjective Evaluation on the Annoyance of Environmental Noise Containing Low-Frequency Tonal Components.

Recently in Japan, noises from wind turbines and domestic use heat sources sometimes cause an increase in noise annoyance owing to low-frequency tonal components. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the tonal components on the annoyance of the environmental noise. The authors conducted an auditory test in the laboratory to evaluate the annoyance of tonal noise using a seven-step rating method.

[International Comparison of Clinical Information Related to Contraception of Medicines].

Most of the warnings about the contraceptive period when using medicines are described as"fixed period"in the package insert, and it is necessary for healthcare professionals to provide information on the specific contraceptive period when using medicines that require contraception. There are many situations where we have trouble. Furthermore, the presence or absence of a description that requires contraception and the contraceptive period differ even though the drugs are the same in Japan and overseas.

Synthesis and H conductivity of a new oxyhydride BaYHO with anion-ordered rock-salt layers.

A new layered perovskite oxyhydride BaYHO was synthesized via high pressure synthesis. Powder X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments revealed that in BaYHO the ordered H and O anions form [BaH] rock-salt layers wherein H conduction is allowed. The conductivity reached 0.

Room Temperature Zero Thermal Expansion in a Cubic Cobaltite.

Zero thermal expansion (ZTE) materials are highly desired in modern industries where high-precision processing is necessary. However, ZTE materials in pure form are extremely rare. The most widely used are Invar alloys, where the ZTE is intimately associated with spontaneous magnetic ordering, known as the magnetovolume effect (MVE).

Arrangement of water molecules and high proton conductivity of tunnel structure phosphates, KMg H (PO)·HO.

A fast proton conductor was investigated in a mixed-valence system of phosphates with a combination of large cations (K) and small cations (Mg), which resulted in a new phase with a tunnel structure suitable for proton conduction. KMg H (PO)·HO was synthesized by a coprecipitation method. A solid solution formed in the range of = 0-0.