Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Symptoms and Disorders with Long (Chronic) COVID Infection.

Long COVID is a novel syndrome characterizing new or persistent symptoms weeks after COVID-19 infection and involving multiple organ systems. This review summarizes the gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary sequelae of long COVID syndrome. It describes potential biomolecular mechanisms, prevalence, preventative measures, potential therapies, and health care and economic impact of long COVID syndrome, particularly of its gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary manifestations.

Chills During Hemodialysis: Prediction and Prevalence of Bacterial Infections - A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Chills are a complication of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The rate of infection among hemodialysis patients presenting with chills is not well established, and empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics are usually the rule.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study aiming to assess the rates of infection and bacteremia in hemodialysis patients presenting with chills.