OpenArm 2.0: Automated Segmentation of 3D Tissue Structures for Multi-Subject Study of Muscle Deformation Dynamics.

We present a novel neural-network-based pipeline for segmentation of 3D muscle and bone structures from localized 2D ultrasound data of the human arm. Building from the U-Net [1] neural network framework, we examine various data augmentation techniques and training data sets to both optimize the network's performance on our data set and hypothesize strategies to better select training data, minimizing manual annotation time while maximizing performance. We then employ this pipeline to generate the OpenArm 2.