Exome Sequencing Data Analysis and a Case-Control Study in Mexican Population Reveals Lipid Trait Associations of New and Known Genetic Variants in Dyslipidemia-Associated Loci.

Plasma lipid levels are a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Although international efforts have identified a group of loci associated with the risk of dyslipidemia, Latin American populations have been underrepresented in these studies. To know the genetic variation occurring in lipid-related loci in the Mexican population and its association with dyslipidemia.

Alterations of DNA methylation during adipogenesis differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adipose tissue of patients with obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes.

Adipogenesis regulation is crucial for mature adipocyte function. In obesity, a major driver of type 2 diabetes (T2D), this process is disrupted and remains poorly characterized. Here we identified altered DNA methylation profiles in diabetic obese patients, during three adipocytes differentiation stages.

Metabolic syndrome in indigenous communities in Mexico: a descriptive and cross-sectional study.

Background: An Amerindian genetic background could play an important role in susceptibility to metabolic diseases, which have alarmingly increased in recent decades. Mexico has one of the highest prevalences of metabolic disease worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in a population with high Amerindian ancestry.

Genetic variability of five ADRB2 polymorphisms among Mexican Amerindian ethnicities and the Mestizo population.

The Mexican population is characterized by high and particular admixture, and the picture of variants associated with disease remains unclear. Here we investigated the distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Mexican population. We focused on two non-synonymous and three synonymous SNPs in the beta-2 adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2), which plays key roles in energy balance regulation.

Gene variants in AKT1, GCKR and SOCS3 are differentially associated with metabolic traits in Mexican Amerindians and Mestizos.

Amerindian ancestry appears to be a risk factor for metabolic diseases (MetD), making Mexicans an ideal population to better understand the genetic architecture of metabolic health. In this study, we determine the association of genetic variants previously reported with metabolic entities, in two Mexican populations, including the largest sample of Amerindians reported to date. We investigated the association of eigth single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AKT1, GCKR, and SOCS3 genes with different metabolic traits in 1923 Mexican Amerindians (MAs) belonging to 57 ethnic groups, and 855 Mestizos (MEZs).

Heterogenous Distribution of MTHFR Gene Variants among Mestizos and Diverse Amerindian Groups from Mexico.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in folate metabolism. Folate deficiency has been related to several conditions, including neural tube defects (NTDs) and cardiovascular diseases. Hence, MTHFR genetic variants have been studied worldwide, particularly the C677T and A1298C.

Gender-Dependent Association of FTO Polymorphisms with Body Mass Index in Mexicans.

To evaluate the associations between six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 1 of FTO and body mass index (BMI), a case-control association study of 2314 unrelated Mexican-Mestizo adult subjects was performed. The association between each SNP and BMI was tested using logistic and linear regression adjusted for age, gender, and ancestry and assuming additive, recessive, and dominant effects of the minor allele. Association analysis after BMI stratification showed that all five FTO SNPs (rs1121980, rs17817449, rs3751812, rs9930506, and rs17817449), were significantly associated with obesity class II/III under an additive model (P<0.

[Genotype-phenotype correlation in a sample of Mexican patients with cystic fibrosis].

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis is a lethal autosomal recessive disease, commonly seen in Caucasian population. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in Mexico, the incidence is approximately 1 per 8,500 live births. Defects in CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) protein are responsible for alterations in the transport of chloride in the apical membrane of exocrine epithelial cells.

Small MAF genes variants and chronic myeloid leukemia.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is one of the most frequent hematological neoplasia worldwide. The abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species may be an important factor in CML development. The transcription factor NRF2 can regulate the transcription of a battery of antioxidant and detoxificant genes after heterodimerizing with small-Maf proteins.

Polymorphisms in metalloproteinase-9 are associated with the risk for asthma in Mexican pediatric patients.

Asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, which induces airway remodelling of the extracellular matrix over time. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in this process, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MMP genes may influence their mRNA expression levels or abilities to bind substrates and inhibitors, thereby contributing to asthma predisposition and severity. MMP-9 is highly expressed in airways and many studies support its involvement in asthma pathogenesis; however the contribution of MMP-9 SNPs is controversial.

Molecular screening of the CFTR gene in Mexican patients with congenital absence of the vas deferens.

Background: In several populations CFTR mutations, as well as IVS8-Tn CFTR polymorphism, have been associated with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) and idiopathic obstructive azoospermia diseases. However, the involvement of these mutations in infertility of Mexican males has not been elucidated.

Aims: We investigated whether CFTR mutations and IVS8-Tn(TG)m polymorphisms are associated with infertility in azoospermic Mexican patients.