Supratherapeutic International Normalized Ratio in a Patient on Warfarin Following Initiation of Brexpiprazole Pharmacotherapy: A Case Report.

Many medications have established interactions with warfarin, potentially affecting international normalized ratio (INR) levels and increasing the risk of bleeding complications. We present the case of a 74-year-old female inpatient with late-onset schizophrenia who was initiated on brexpiprazole while concurrently receiving warfarin therapy for a ventricular thrombus. Despite INR levels being within a range of 1.

An extensive ion-pair/hydrogen-bond network contributes to the thermostability of the MutL ATPase domain from Aquifex aeolicus.

Proteins from hyperthermophiles often contain a large number of ionic interactions. Close examination of the previously determined crystal structure of the ATPase domain of MutL from a hyperthermophile, Aquifex aeolicus, revealed that the domain contains a continuous ion-pair/hydrogen-bond network consisting of 11 charged amino acid residues on a β-sheet. Mutations were introduced to disrupt the network, showing that the more extensively the network was disrupted, the greater the thermostability of the protein was decreased.

Regulation of an Opioid Receptor Chaperone Protein, RTP4, by Morphine.

Signaling by classic analgesics, such as morphine, is governed primarily by the relative abundance of opioid receptors at the cell surface, and this is regulated by receptor delivery to, and retrieval from, the plasma membrane. Although retrieval mechanisms, such as receptor endocytosis, have been extensively investigated, fewer studies have explored mechanisms of receptor maturation and delivery to the plasma membrane. A previous study implicated receptor transporter proteins (RTPs) in the latter process.

Absorption of unconjugated bile acids and tauroursodeoxycholate in the rat intestine.

The absorption of ursodeoxycholate and its tauro-conjugate by the jejunum and the terminal ileum of rat intestine was compared with that of other unconjugated bile acids and taurocholate. In the ligated jejunum, the efficacy of absorption of unconjugated bile acids was in the following order: ursodeoxycholate = deoxycholate > chenodeoxycholate = cholate > lithocholate. This order cannot be explained by the theory that the passive diffusion of bile acids is faster the less hydroxyl bonds in the molecule.

Intestinal absorption of lithocholate and its sulfate and glucuronide in rats.

The absorption of lithocholate and its sulfate and glucuronide in rat jejunum and terminal ileum was studied. Tracer amounts of radiolabelled bile acids were administered to the ligated intestinal segments, and their absorption was monitored by biliary excretion through a bile duct catheter. Absorption of lithocholate was faster in the terminal ileum than in the jejunum.

[Diseases with high incidence of gallstone complication].

Gallstones are often complicated with diseases such as liver cirrhosis, hemolytic anemia, post-valvular replacement, post-gastrectomy, biliary tract cancers, diabetes mellitus, and during clofibrate therapy. The frequency of gallstones, types of stones and their pathogenesis in these situations are discussed in this chapter. In liver cirrhosis, hemolytic anemia and post-valvular replacement, black stone formation is enhanced due to bilirubin over-production, caused mainly by hemolysis.

[A case of flomoxef-induced pneumonitis].

We report a case of flomoxef-induced pneumonitis. A 22-year-old man was treated with flomoxef following liver biopsy. A few days later he developed a high fever and severe dyspnea, and his chest X-ray film revealed diffuse reticulo-nodular shadows in both lung fields.

Diabetic syndrome in the Chinese hamster induced with monosodium glutamate.

Neuronal necrosis in the arcuate and ventromedial hypothalamus regions is easily induced in 1-day-old Chinese hamsters by the administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG). New-born Chinese hamsters injected with MSG showed no sign of obesity, even when grown up, but apparently developed a diabetic syndrome.