Publications by authors named "Yokomizo A"
Background: In Japan, since 2014, new treatments such as androgen receptor signaling inhibitors and cabazitaxel have become applicable for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), leading to dramatic changes in treatment options.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of recent advancements in treatment options on the overall survival (OS) of patients diagnosed with de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) in Japan.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2450 Japanese men diagnosed with de novo mCSPC between 2008 and 2018.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to improve predictions of castration resistance in advanced prostate cancer during primary androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) by combining genetic and clinical data using machine learning techniques.
- Researchers utilized clinical data and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Japanese patients treated in the KYUCOG-1401-A study and tested multiple machine learning algorithms, finding that the point-wise linear (PWL) algorithm provided the best predictive performance.
- Results indicated that models incorporating SNPs outperformed clinical data alone in predicting outcomes, showing promise for better treatment choices in advanced prostate cancer management.
Purpose: No study has compared cancer regression (d) and growth (g) rates in patients with advanced castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) treated with androgen deprivation therapy. The comparison of d and g rates provides insight into the differential impact of ADT regimens on tumor dynamics, potentially guiding more personalized treatment strategies. Therefore, we aimed to estimate these rates and evaluate their impact on survival outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy and safety of dexamethasone sparing for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Antiemesis 2023 from Japan Society of Clinical Oncology.
Int J Clin Oncol
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- Palonosetron is a second-generation anti-nausea drug that might be more effective than first-generation medications, and this study explores how dexamethasone (DEX) works with it during chemotherapy.
- Researchers compared the effects of giving DEX for 1 day versus 3 days in preventing nausea and vomiting after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC), using data from studies published between 1990 and 2020.
- The findings showed that while the 3-day DEX group had a higher rate of no vomiting, there were no major differences in most anti-nausea effects, suggesting that DEX treatment could be shortened to just 1 day when paired with palonosetron.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on the effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone-sparing antiemetic therapies, particularly neurokinin-1 antagonists (NKRA), for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients undergoing highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).
- - A systematic review of literature identified and analyzed two studies involving anthracycline-cyclophosphamide and cisplatin-based regimens; while no significant differences in vomiting prevention were found, some outcomes related to nausea showed variability.
- - The review concludes that dexamethasone-sparing antiemetic therapies can be effective in preventing CINV for HEC, particularly in patients receiving anthracycline-cyclophosphamide
Carbonated drinks have been reported to increase muscle activity during swallowing compared with water. Older adults who habitually consume carbonated drinks may use their swallowing-related muscles to a greater extent, thereby preserving their swallowing function. This study investigated the relationship between habitual carbonated drink intake, amount of carbonated drink consumed, and subjective difficulty in swallowing in community-dwelling older adults.
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- * A total of 383 patients were analyzed, revealing that those with persistent PSA levels post-surgery had significantly shorter castration resistance-free survival (CRFS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) compared to those with non-persistent levels.
- * The findings suggest that stratifying patients by PSA levels can help tailor postoperative treatment, with patients experiencing better outcomes when receiving a combination of androgen deprivation therapy and radiotherapy if their PSA levels are high.
Objective: To report the outcomes of repeat biopsies, metastasis and survival in the Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance (PRIAS)-JAPAN study, a prospective observational study for Japanese patients, initiated in 2010.
Patients And Methods: At the beginning, inclusion criteria were initially low-risk patients, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density (PSAD) <0.2, and ≤2 positive biopsy cores.
Objectives: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)/Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) 8th edition has proposed micrometastasis as a lymph node metastasis (LN+) of diameter ≤2 mm in prostate cancer. However, supporting evidence has not described. We evaluated LN+ patients' survival after radical prostatectomy (RP) based on the LN maximum tumor diameter (MTD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Immune editing, in which human leukocyte antigens (HLA) have critical roles, has been suggested to shape the landscape of human cancer. This study prospectively investigated whether HLA gene zygosity is associated with the prognosis of primary androgen deprivation therapy in advanced prostate cancer.
Methods: KYUCOG-1401-A was conducted in conjunction with a prospective clinical trial (KYUCOG-1401).
Article Synopsis
- This study created a prognostic model to predict disease recurrence in patients with lymph node involvement but no ongoing PSA levels.
- Researchers analyzed data from 231 patients who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2019, identifying key factors affecting recurrence-free survival (RFS).
- The model, which includes parameters like initial PSA level and surgical margin status, is said to aid in treatment discussions with patients.
We aimed to determine Japanese metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients' Ra-223 treatment experience. Patients answered the Cancer Therapy Satisfaction Questionnaire (CTSQ domains: Satisfaction with Therapy [SWT], Expectations of Therapy [ET], Feelings about Side Effects [FSE]), the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC) and the FACT-Bone Pain (FACT-BP) Questionnaire at baseline, during (vists 3 and 5) and after treatment (end of observation; EOO). Data from 72 patients were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To compare the effectiveness and safety of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist monotherapy to combined androgen blockade (CAB) with a GnRH agonist and bicalutamide in patients with advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC).
Methods: The study was conducted as KYUCOG-1401 trial (UMIN000014243) and enrolled 200 patients who were randomly assigned to either group A (GnRH antagonist monotherapy followed by the addition of bicalutamide) or group B (CAB by a GnRH agonist and bicalutamide). The primary endpoint was PSA progression-free survival.
Background: This study evaluated the non-inferiority of dexamethasone (DEX) on day 1, with sparing on days 2-4 in cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Methods: Patients with malignant solid tumors who were treated with cisplatin (≥50 mg/m²) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either DEX on days 1-4 (Arm D4) or DEX on day 1 (Arm D1) plus palonosetron, NK-1 RA, and olanzapine (5 mg). The primary endpoint was complete response (CR) during the delayed (24-120 h) phase.
Objectives: Limited information is currently available on the efficacy and safety of axitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients with renal impairment. Therefore, the present study investigated the efficacy and toxicity of axitinib in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Methods: Post-hoc analyses were performed on a Japanese multicenter cohort study of 477 mRCC patients who received axitinib followed by 1 or 2 regimens of systemic antiangiogenic therapy between January 2012 and December 2016.
Introduction: Radium-223 (Ra-223) dichloride therapy increases overall survival and delays time to the first symptomatic skeletal event (SSE) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and bone metastases. Bone-modifying agents (BMA) reduce SSE in patients with bone metastasis, but there is little information on their use with Ra-223. This study aimed to investigate the effect of BMA on SSE in patients with bone metastatic CRPC treated with Ra-223 in real-world practice.
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- A study investigated the link between prior bevacizumab (BEV) therapy and the development of proteinuria in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving ramucirumab (RAM) treatment.
- Results showed that patients with prior BEV treatment had a significantly higher risk of developing grade 2-3 proteinuria and a greater rate of RAM discontinuation due to related toxicities compared to those without prior BEV.
- The findings suggest that using FOLFIRI plus RAM soon after BEV treatment may worsen proteinuria and negatively affect overall survival, particularly if initiated within 55 days after BEV therapy.
Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has been widely used for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. However, prognosis and adverse events (AEs) vary among patients. This study aimed to identify genetic markers able to predict the outcome of ADT.
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- Child abuse rates in Japan have risen significantly over the last 30 years, highlighting the urgent need for preventive support for pregnant and postpartum women.
- Public health nurses and midwives play a crucial role in this prevention by identifying potential concerns through close observation and providing necessary support during and after pregnancy.
- A study found that public health nurses and midwives recognized various characteristics of at-risk women, such as difficulties in daily life, mental and physical health challenges, and issues with child-rearing, suggesting tailored intervention strategies are needed for effective prevention.
The mutation was previously identified in a FLP/FRT screen of chromosome 2R for conditional growth regulators. Here we report the phenotypic characterization and genetic mapping of by undergraduate students participating in Fly-CURE, a pedagogical program that teaches the science of genetics through a classroom research experience. We find that creation of cell clones in the developing eye-antennal imaginal disc causes a headless adult phenotype, suggestive of both autonomous and non-autonomous effects on cell growth or viability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Radium-223 (Ra-223) dichloride is the bone-targeted radioligand therapy that prolongs overall survival (OS) in patients with bone-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this treatment in real-world practice.
Methods: We included Japanese men treated with Ra-223 for bone-metastatic CRPC from 10 institutions, retrospectively.
Article Synopsis
- The study assessed the effectiveness and safety of continuous intravenous infusion of cyclosporine A (CICsA) in patients with Kawasaki disease that did not respond to standard treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin.
- Out of 83 patients analyzed, 39 responded positively to CICsA while 44 were considered weak responders; there were no significant differences in the development of coronary artery lesions between these groups.
- Results suggested that patients with a weaker response showed more severe inflammation, but overall, CICsA led to improvements in clinical outcomes, particularly in reducing complications like coronary artery lesions.
Background: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures can provide valuable information in evaluating patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Post hoc analysis of the AFTERCAB study was conducted to evaluate the HRQoL benefit of enzalutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) compared to flutamide plus ADT for the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in Japan.
Methods: The open-label AFTERCAB study was conducted from November 2016 to March 2020 in Japanese men aged ≥ 20 years with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic CRPC.
Pembrolizumab, an anti-programmed death 1 monoclonal antibody, has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma. However, the optimal treatment duration for treatment responders has not been established. To address this, we retrospectively assess the treatment outcomes and duration of pembrolizumab for patients whose best response was complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) in a Japanese nationwide cohort of platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
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- - The study aims to compare the medical costs associated with active surveillance versus treatments like robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy, brachytherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy for low-risk prostate cancer.
- - An analysis of costs over the first five years for various therapies showed that active surveillance is significantly cheaper, with total costs coming to $1.65 million compared to much higher costs for other treatments (e.g., $14 million for surgery).
- - The findings suggest that if more patients (50% or 100%) chose active surveillance initially, up to $13.8 million could be saved in total treatment costs, highlighting the potential for cost savings in expanding this approach.