Association between a malnutrition screening tool and mealtime observation checklist items in older people receiving oral intake support: A cross-sectional study of four long-term care facilities.

Background: Multiple nutritional screening tools are available for older people; however, few screening tools include specific eating behaviours as risk factors that could lead to poor food intake. The 24-item mealtime observation checklist (MOCL), developed by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in 2015, comprises signs, symptoms and conditions during mealtime that reflect eating and swallowing functions and oral conditions.

Objectives: To examine factors associated with malnutrition among the MOCL items in older people.

Validation of the applicability of the mealtime observation checklist in predicting the risk of aspiration pneumonia in older adults receiving oral intake support: A retrospective cohort study of four long-term care facilities.

Aim: In Japan, a 24-item mealtime observation checklist (MOCL) was developed in 2015 to support oral intake and prevent aspiration in older adults. The MOCL consists of signs/symptoms/conditions that reflect eating and swallowing functions and oral conditions. This study aimed to examine the association between each MOCL item and the onset of aspiration pneumonia (AP).

Severity of Liver Fibrosis Is Associated with the Japanese Diet Pattern and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

It is not fully clear as to which dietary patterns are associated with the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Asia. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 136 consecutively recruited patients with NAFLD (49% female, median age 60 years). Severity of liver fibrosis was assessed using the Agile 3+ score, a recently proposed system based on vibration-controlled transient elastography.

Exploration of an objective and simple index as the outcome of nutrition support for elderly patients and identification of risk factors.

Objectives: The study aimed to explore the risk factors for the outcome of nutrition support teams (NSTs) for elderly patients. Previously identified risk factors lack general versatility owing to slightly subjective judgment standards; this study aimed to explore an objective and simple index of NST outcome and identify the risk factors for NST outcome.

Subjects: This retrospective observational study analyzed, 372 elderly patients enrolled in the NST between January 2014 and July 2018.

Scoring methods used in the dietary variety score survey to predict malnutrition among older patients receiving home care.

Background: The dietary variety score (DVS), a simple dietary survey method for older adults, investigates the weekly frequency of consumption of the 10 food groups in Japan. The DVS is also associated with nutritional status. The original scoring method applied only to community-dwelling older adults, not to older patients receiving home care, who have little dietary variety.

Lower dietary variety is a relevant factor for malnutrition in older Japanese home-care recipients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Nutritional status of the older people is affected by various life-style factors. Although dietary habit is one of the life-style factors, it is unknown which of older home-care recipients' dietary habits are associated with malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of dietary variety, as an evaluation index for dietary habits, with malnutrition in Japanese older home-care recipients.

Association Between Risk Factors and Intensive Nutritional Intervention Outcomes in Elderly Individuals.

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for intensive nutritional intervention outcomes in elderly undernourished patients to help reduce the number of patients with prolonged hospital stay or without recuperation of previous activities of daily living and quality of life.

Methods: In total, 230 patients who received interventions from a nutrition support team (NST) between January 2016 and July 2018 were included. Patients were classified into two groups based on NST intervention outcomes: patients with improved nutritional status were included in the successful group, whereas those whose nutritional status did not improve, as defined by progressive illness or death, were classified into the non-successful group.

Triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy: a rare cardiovascular disorder.

Triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV) is a phenotype primarily reported in patients carrying genetic mutations in PNPLA2 encoding adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) which releases long chain fatty acid (LCFA) as a major energy source by the intracellular TG hydrolysis. These patients suffered from intractable heart failure requiring cardiac transplantation. Moreover, we identified TGCV patients without PNPLA2 mutations based on pathological and clinical studies.

Preoperative Depressive Mood of Patients With Esophageal Cancer Might Delay Recovery From Operation-Related Malnutrition.

Background: We investigated the relationship between the preoperative psychological state and the perioperative nutritional conditions of patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods: Seventy-three participants underwent operations for esophageal cancer in our hospital. Depressive state was evaluated using the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).

Successful Intervention for Pressure Ulcer by Nutrition Support Team: A Case Report.

A 23-year-old woman with heart failure developed pressure ulcer on her sacral area due to a long-term bed rest and impaired hemodynamics. The ulcer improved only slightly after 2 months with povidone-iodine sugar ointment because of severe nausea and anorexia. Then, the nutrition support team (NST) started intervention and estimated the patient's malnutrition from her body weight (30.

Analysis of causal models of diet for patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiation therapy.

Purpose: This study seeks to establish causal models of diet which maintain the appetite of head and neck cancer patients receiving radiation therapy.

Sample And Methods: We collected data from 208 patients at two radiation doses, 30/50 Gy, using a questionnaire on appetite and analyzed the items using structural equation modeling.

Results: In the causal model for 30 Gy, we established a path using the four intervening variables "ease of consuming foods in smooth forms," "ease of consuming foods with a chewable texture and suitable temperature," "ease of consuming lightly seasoned foods with a flavorful smell," and "overall ease of consuming a given meal" from the temporal relationship between "dietary preferences" and "maintaining appetite while caring for the oral cavity.