Pediatric Brain Tumors.

Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and comprise 15% to 20% of all malignancies in children. Presentation, symptoms, and signs depend on tumor location and age of the patient at the time of diagnosis. This article summarizes the common childhood CNS tumors, presentations, classification, and recent updates in treatment approaches due to the increased understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of pediatric brain tumors.

HDAC and PI3K Antagonists Cooperate to Inhibit Growth of MYC-Driven Medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly malignant pediatric brain tumor. Despite aggressive therapy, many patients succumb to the disease, and survivors experience severe side effects from treatment. MYC-driven MB has a particularly poor prognosis and would greatly benefit from more effective therapies.

Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor in a Teenager with Unusual Infiltration Into the Jugular Foramen.

Background: Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor is a rare malignant neoplasm that represents 1%-2% of all pediatric central nervous system tumors. Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in establishing the diagnosis with a loss of INI-1 staining in tumor cells. In this case report, we describe a teenager with an unusual presentation and pattern of infiltration of the tumor.

Recurrent pediatric central nervous system low-grade gliomas: the role of surveillance neuroimaging in asymptomatic children.

Object: Pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG) is the most common brain tumor of childhood. Except for the known association of gross-total resection and improved survival rates, relatively little is known about the clinical and radiographic predictors of recurrent disease and the optimal frequency of surveillance MRI. The authors sought to determine the clinical and radiographic features associated with recurrent or progressive disease in a single-institutional series of children diagnosed with primary CNS LGG.