Effects of continuous low-dose infusion of lipopolysaccharide on expression of E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 messenger RNA and neutrophil accumulation in specific organs in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effects of continuous low-dose infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA and neutrophil accumulation in the lungs, liver, spleen, small intestine, and pancreas in dogs.

Animals: 11 healthy adult Beagles.

Procedure: Dogs received a continuous infusion of a low dose (10 microg/kg/h, i.

Evaluation of hepatosplanchnic circulation and intestinal oxygenation in dogs with a condition that mimicked septic shock induced by continuous infusion of a low dose of lipopolysaccharide.

Objective: To determine whether continuous infusion of a low dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce a condition mimicking septic shock in dogs would affect systemic and hepatosplanchnic circulation and oxygenation.

Animals: 12 healthy adult Beagles.

Procedure: Dogs received a low dose of LPS (Escherichia coli O55:B5) by continuous IV infusion at a rate of 1 microg/kg/h for 8 hours.

Kinetics of endotoxin concentration and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin-6 activities in the systemic and portal circulation during small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in dogs.

Objective: To determine whether small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion induces bacterial translocation and proinflammatory cytokine response in either the systemic or portal circulation in dogs.

Animals: 17 healthy adult Beagles.

Procedure: The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 0 (group-3 dogs), 30 (group-1 dogs), or 60 (group-2 dogs) minutes, followed by reperfusion for 180 minutes; serum lactate and endotoxin concentrations and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 activities in the systemic and portal circulation and intramucosal pH were measured at various time points.

Evaluation of intestinal intramucosal pH, arterial and portal venous blood gas values, and intestinal blood flow during small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in dogs.

Objectives: To determine whether small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion affects intestinal intramucosal pH (pHi), arterial and portal venous blood gas values, and intestinal blood flow (IBF) and to investigate relationships between regional intestinal tissue oxygenation and systemic variables in dogs.

Animals: 15 healthy adult Beagles.

Procedure: Occlusion of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 0, 30, or 60 minutes, followed by reperfusion for 180 minutes, was performed; IBF, pHi, arterial and portal venous blood gas values, arterial pressure, and heart rate were measured at various time points; and intestinal mucosal injury was histologically graded.