Comparison of water balance among healthy young and old adults and handicapped adults.

The body's water balance is changed by food and beverage intake, metabolism, and excretion. In this study, we performed a cross-sectional study that investigated the changes of water intake and water output in healthy Japanese young and elderly people and handicapped adults. Water balance was assessed by water intake from foods and beverages, metabolic water production, non-renal water losses (NRWL), and urine volume.

Repetitive sleep starts: An important differential diagnosis of infantile spasms.

Objective: Repetitive sleep starts (RSS) are clusters of nonepileptic, spasm-like movements occurring during sleep onset. However, their characteristics have yet to be defined. We conducted a clinicoelectroencephalographic study of children with RSS to clarify their detailed characteristics.

Hippocampal Atrophy in Pediatric Transplant Recipients with Human Herpesvirus 6B.

The aim of this study was to determine whether human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) infection can impair the hippocampus in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Study subjects were pediatric HSCT recipients monitored for HHV-6B infection who underwent brain MRI before and after transplantation. Volumetric analysis of the hippocampus was performed.

Age estimates from brain magnetic resonance images of children younger than two years of age using deep learning.

The accuracy of brain age estimates from magnetic resonance (MR) images has improved with the advent of deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) models. However, most previous studies on predicting age emphasized aging from childhood to adulthood and old age, and few studies have focused on early brain development in children younger than 2 years of age. Here, we performed brain age estimates based on MR images in children younger than 2 years of age using deep learning.

Shuffling babies and autism spectrum disorder.

Background And Purpose: Bottom shuffling is a locomotion strategy that precedes independent walking in some infants. Shuffling babies are generally considered to have favorable outcomes. The aim of the present study was to reveal clinical features and neurodevelopmental outcomes of shuffling babies who visited a child developmental center.

Lenticular nuclei to thalamic ratio on PET is useful for diagnosis of GLUT1 deficiency syndrome.

Purpose: To establish an objective method of [F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) that can assist in the diagnosis of glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS).

Methods: FDG-PET was performed in 8 patients with a mean age of 12.5 years (range, 2-22 years) with GLUT1-DS.

High-amplitude fast activity in EEG: An early diagnostic marker in children with beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN).

Objective: The early diagnosis of beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) before distinct brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of iron deposition occur remains challenging. This study examined whether children with BPAN have characteristic high-amplitude (>50 μV) fast activity (HAFA) on electroencephalography (EEG).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of EEG performed during childhood in five patients with BPAN.

A microwell culture system that allows group culture and is compatible with human single media.

Purpose: A microwell culture system that facilitates group culture, such as well-of-the-well (WOW), improves embryonic development in an individual culture. We examined the effect of WOW on embryonic development in vitro with commercially available human single culture media.

Methods: Using four different commercial human single culture media, in vitro development and imprinted gene expression of bovine embryos cultured in WOW were compared to droplet culture (one zygote per drop).

Cytotoxic edema at onset in West syndrome of unknown etiology: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study.

Objective: To clarify longitudinal changes in white matter microstructures from the onset of disease in patients with West syndrome (WS) of unknown etiology.

Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was prospectively performed at onset and at 12 and 24 months old in 17 children with WS of unknown etiology. DTI was analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and tract-specific analysis (TSA) of 13 fiber tracts, and fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were compared with those of 42 age-matched controls.

Paroxysmal nonepileptic events in children with epilepsy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of paroxysmal nonepileptic events (PNEs) suspected as being epileptic seizures by families of children with epilepsy.

Methods: The video-EEG (vEEG) recordings of habitual paroxysmal events in children with epilepsy at Nagoya University Hospital between October 2006 and January 2016 were reviewed. Based on the doctor's suspicion before the vEEG, the PNEs were divided into two groups that included PNEs suspected as epileptic seizures and PNEs suspected as PNEs.

[Effects of rice cleaning and cooking process on the residues of flutolanil, fenobucarb, silafluofen and buprofezin in rice].

We studied the effect of cleaning and cooking on the residues of flutolanil, fenobucarb, silafluofen and buprofezin in rice. The rice had been sprayed in a paddy field in Wakayama city, with 3 kinds of pesticide application protocols: spraying once at the usual concentration of pesticides, repeated spraying (3 times) with the usual concentration of pesticides and spraying once with 3 times the usual concentration of pesticides. The residue levels of pesticide decreased during the rice cleaning process.