The RNA Binding Protein Mex-3B Is Required for IL-33 Induction in the Development of Allergic Airway Inflammation.

Allergic airway inflammation is one of the primary features of allergic asthma. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is recognized as a key pro-inflammatory cytokine that mediates allergic airway inflammation, and its expression is elevated in this condition, but little is known about the regulatory mechanisms underlying IL-33 induction. Here, we show that the RNA binding protein Mex-3B plays a critical role in the induction of IL-33 in the development of allergic airway inflammation.

Production of L-malic acid with fixation of HCO3(-) by malic enzyme-catalyzed reaction based on regeneration of coenzyme on electrode modified by layer-by-layer self-assembly method.

Malic enzyme prepared and purified from Brevundimonas diminuta IFO13182 catalyzed the decarboxylation reaction of malate to pyruvate and CO2 using NAD+ as the coenzyme, and the reverse reaction was used in the present study for L-malic acid production with fixation of HCO3(-) as a model compound for carbon source. The L-malic acid production was based on electrochemical regeneration of NADH on a carbon plate electrode modified by layer-by-layer adsorption of polymer-bound mediator (Alginic acid bound viologen derivative, Alg-V), polymer-bound coenzyme (Alginic acid bound NAD+, Alg-NAD+), and lipoamide dehydrogenase (LipDH). Electrochemical reduction of immobilized NAD+ catalyzed by LipDH in a multilayer film was achieved, and the L-malic acid production with HCO3(-) fixation system with layer-by-layer immobilization of Alg-V/LipDH/Alg-NAD+/malic enzyme multilayer film on the electrode gave an L-malic acid production of nearly 11.

Reverse reaction of malic enzyme for HCO3- fixation into pyruvic acid to synthesize L-malic acid with enzymatic coenzyme regeneration.

Malic enzyme [L-malate: NAD(P)(+) oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.