Effects of ADH1B and ALDH2 Genetic Polymorphisms on Alcohol Elimination Rates and Salivary Acetaldehyde Levels in Intoxicated Japanese Alcoholic Men.

Background: The genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) are associated with the risk of alcoholism and upper aerodigestive tract cancer in alcoholics. Salivary ethanol (sEtOH) levels are well correlated with blood EtOH levels.

Methods: To study the effects of ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes on the alcohol elimination rate (AER) and salivary acetaldehyde (sAcH) levels, we measured the sEtOH and sAcH levels twice at a 1-hour intervals in 99 intoxicated Japanese alcoholic men who had stopped drinking for 4 or more hours.

Genotoxicity evaluation of sesamin and episesamin.

Sesamin is a major lignan that is present in sesame seeds and oil. Sesamin is partially converted to its stereoisomer, episesamin, during the refining process of non-roasted sesame seed oil. We evaluated the genotoxicity of these substances through the following tests: a bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), a chromosomal aberration test in cultured Chinese hamster lung cells (CHL/IU), a bone marrow micronucleus (MN) test in Crlj:CD1 (ICR) mice, and a comet assay using the liver of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

Effect of a soybean product on serum lipid levels in female university students.

1. A dietary intervention study targeting female students by using cake containing soybean protein and isoflavone was conducted. Female students (n = 120) were divided into three Groups (A, 6.

Ventral tegmental lesions reduce overconsumption of normally preferred taste fluid in rats.

Previous studies have suggested that the brain regions along the taste pathway and its anatomical interfacing with the brain reward system are concerned with palatability-induced consumption. To clarify whether the ventral tegmental area (VTA) is involved in the behavioral expression induced by taste pleasantness, we examined the effects of lesions to the VTA on the consumption of taste stimuli in rats. (1) Bilateral extensive electrolytic lesions to the VTA selectively reduced the consumption of a normally preferred taste fluid (0.