Genetic legacy of ancient hunter-gatherer Jomon in Japanese populations.

The tripartite ancestral structure is a recently proposed model for the genetic origin of modern Japanese, comprising indigenous Jomon hunter-gatherers and two additional continental ancestors from Northeast Asia and East Asia. To investigate the impact of the tripartite structure on genetic and phenotypic variation today, we conducted biobank-scale analyses by merging Biobank Japan (BBJ; n = 171,287) with ancient Japanese and Eurasian genomes (n = 22). We demonstrate the applicability of the tripartite model to Japanese populations throughout the archipelago, with an extremely strong correlation between Jomon ancestry and genomic variation among individuals.

Appraisal of a revised lymph node classification system for esophageal squamous cell cancer.

Background: Node-positive patients with esophageal carcinoma constitute a heterogeneous population with a variable prognosis, which the current staging system insufficiently addresses. To that end, 863 patients with a curative resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed to evaluate a useful and simple nodal classification system.

Methods: Along with standard conventional clinicopathologic factors, data for metastatic lymph node (MLN) number, metastatic to examined LN ratio (MLN ratio), and MLN size were evaluated.

Prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma treated in remote island hospitals in Japan: a multivariable analysis.

Background: Treating gastric cancer in remote island hospitals remains a major clinical challenge. Factors affecting prognosis of patients treated in general hospitals are still at large. We sought to determine the characteristics of gastric cancer in the Amamiooshima (Amami) archipelago of Japan and also evaluated the independent prognostic factors by the Cox regression analysis.