Prevalence of iron-deficient but non-anemic university athletes in Japan: an observational cohort study.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are long-standing health problems in athletes, affecting both performance and health. ID prevalence in young athletes remains high and a matter of concern. ID and IDA can lead to fatigue, reduced endurance, and decreased oxygen transport, potentially compromising athletic performance.

Prevalence of iron deficiency among university kendo practitioners in Japan: an observational cohort study.

Background: Iron deficiency is widely recognized as being the cause of anemia in athletes, although iron status in athletes of Kendo, a traditional Japanese martial art based on swordsmanship and practiced as an educational sport, has not been widely investigated.

Methods: We performed a health assessment on anemia and serum ferritin levels, along with nutrient intake evaluation, for Kendo practitioners in a university in Japan.

Results: A total of 56 Kendo practitioners (39 male and 17 female) aged between 18 and 23 years participated in the study.