Time of Emergence and Large Ensemble Intercomparison for Ocean Biogeochemical Trends.

Anthropogenically forced changes in ocean biogeochemistry are underway and critical for the ocean carbon sink and marine habitat. Detecting such changes in ocean biogeochemistry will require quantification of the magnitude of the change (anthropogenic signal) and the natural variability inherent to the climate system (noise). Here we use Large Ensemble (LE) experiments from four Earth system models (ESMs) with multiple emissions scenarios to estimate Time of Emergence (ToE) and partition projection uncertainty for anthropogenic signals in five biogeochemically important upper-ocean variables.

Tracking Improvement in Simulated Marine Biogeochemistry Between CMIP5 and CMIP6.

Purpose Of Review: The changes or updates in ocean biogeochemistry component have been mapped between CMIP5 and CMIP6 model versions, and an assessment made of how far these have led to improvements in the simulated mean state of marine biogeochemical models within the current generation of Earth system models (ESMs).

Recent Findings: The representation of marine biogeochemistry has progressed within the current generation of Earth system models. However, it remains difficult to identify which model updates are responsible for a given improvement.

Familial HLA-B*52 Vasculitis: Maternal, Atypical Cogan's Syndrome with Takayasu Arteritis-mimicking Aortitis and Filial Takayasu Arteritis.

Cogan's syndrome (CS), a rare vasculitis characterized by non-syphilitic, interstitial keratitis and Ménière-like attacks, is classified into "typical" and "atypical" forms, while Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a rare large-vessel vasculitis associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*52. Very few cases meet both the CS and TAK classification criteria. We herein report a 53-year-old woman diagnosed with atypical CS and aortitis similar to TAK.

A case of disseminated sporotrichosis treated with prednisolone, immunosuppressants, and tocilizumab under the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.

We encountered a disseminated sporotrichosis patient with polyarthritis and progressive skin ulcers, who had been previously treated with prednisolone, tocilizmab, tacrolims, and cyclophosphamide under the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in another hospital. Making the diagnosis of leukocytoclasticvasculitis based on the clinical observation of skin ulcers, we intensified immunosuppressive therapy. Unfortunately, the patient developed septic shock.