Lactulose Ingestion Induces a Rapid Increase in Genus in Healthy Japanese: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.

Oral administration of a low dose of lactulose increases the abundance of genus in the large intestine; however, the details of the daily variation in have not been researched. To observe how the intestinal microbiota, including , change, especially immediately after the initiation of ingestion, we conducted a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of ingestion of 4 g lactulose/day for 2 weeks in 36 healthy Japanese (including males and females). The primary outcome was the percentage of in the faecal bacteria.

Clinical characteristics and treatment status of pustulotic arthro-osteitis: A single-center study involving 51 cases.

Pustulotic arthro-osteitis (PAO) is a major complication of palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP). In orthopedic surgery outpatient clinics, PPP patients with osteoarticular symptoms are seen frequently, but PAO's clinical features remain not well known. To determine Japanese patients' clinical features and treatment status with PAO, we conducted a single-center retrospective epidemiologic survey.

Bifidobacterium response to lactulose ingestion in the gut relies on a solute-binding protein-dependent ABC transporter.

This study aims to understand the mechanistic basis underlying the response of Bifidobacterium to lactulose ingestion in guts of healthy Japanese subjects, with specific focus on a lactulose transporter. An in vitro assay using mutant strains of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 105-A shows that a solute-binding protein with locus tag number BL105A_0502 (termed LT-SBP) is primarily involved in lactulose uptake.

A study of the prebiotic effect of lactulose at low dosages in healthy Japanese women.

To investigate the prebiotic effect of lactulose at low dosages, we assessed changes in defaecation frequency following ingestion of 1, 2, or 3 g/day of lactulose for 2 weeks. Each test was carried out after a 2-week washout period. This was an open-label, before-after trial that enrolled 26 healthy Japanese women.

Acute renal failure in an adult cat following oral administration of fosfomycin.

Case Summary: A spayed female mixed breed cat of unknown age (presumably more than 9 years old), weighing 2.9 kg, was presented with a 4 day history of lethargy, anorexia and vomiting following oral administration of calcium fosfomycin (20 mg/kg q12h). A serum biochemical analysis revealed a dramatic increase in the levels of blood urea nitrogen (>140 mg/dl) and creatinine (15.

[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.The effect of lactulose on bone health.].

Lactulose is a non-digestible oligosaccharide, consisting of galactose and fructose. Bifidobacteria in the large intestine assimilate and metabolize lactulose, which has not been degraded or absorbed by humans, and they subsequently proliferate. Predominant bifidobacteria release short chain fatty acids, such as acetic acid and lactic acid, into the intestinal tract by lactulose metabolization, which lowers the intraluminal pH.

N-terminal vacuolar sorting signal at the mouse antibody alters the N-linked glycosylation pattern in suspension-cultured tobacco BY2 cells.

Recombinant DNA technology enables the use of plants as the host for the production of pharmaceutical proteins, such as antibodies. The glycosylation of recombinant proteins plays physiological and biological roles. However, because glycosylation in plants is different from that in human cells, the development of glycoengineering is required.

Prevalence of antibodies to Japanese encephalitis virus among inhabitants in Java Island, Indonesia, with a small pig population.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is maintained through a transmission cycle between amplifier swine and vector mosquitoes in a peridomestic environment. Thus, studies on natural JEV activities in an environment with a small size of pig population have been limited. Here, we surveyed antibodies against JEV in inhabitants of Jakarta and Surabaya located in Java Island (Indonesia), which has a small swine population.

Change in glycosylation pattern with extension of endoplasmic reticulum retention signal sequence of mouse antibody produced by suspension-cultured tobacco BY2 cells.

The production of antibodies using plants as bioreactors has been realized. Because sugar chain structures on recombinant proteins are a cause of concern, remodeling technology is highly promising. Localizing recombinant proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) affects the glycosylation pattern in transgenic plants.

N-linked glycan structures of human lactoferrin produced by transgenic rice.

Human lactoferrin was produced in genetically engineered rice. N-linked glycan structures of recombinant human lactoferrin were determined. The oligosaccharides liberated by hydrazinolysis were labeled with 2-aminopyridine (PA).