Impact of Gemcitabine Plus S1 Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Borderline Resectable Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Surgical resection is the only curative strategy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC), but recurrence rates are high even after purported curative resection. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine/S-1 (GS) combination chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting.

Methods: In an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with GS, repeated every 21 days, was administered for three cycles to patients with histologic or cytologically confirmed borderline resectable (BR) PHC who were eligible for inclusion in the study.

Prophylactic drain management after pancreaticoduodenectomy without focusing on the drain fluid amylase level: A prospective validation study regarding criteria for early drain removal that do not include the drain fluid amylase level.

Background/purpose: Early drain removal (EDR) based on drain fluid amylase level (DFA) after pancreaticoduodenectomy excluded 15%-40% patients from EDR because of inappropriate DFA.

Methods: Of 198 pancreatoduodenectomy cases, we used the first 105 cases as an exploration cohort to construct the optimal criteria for EDR on postoperative day (POD)4 that were applied to the subsequent 93 cases used as the validation cohort. After that, we examined another 142 patients to further assess the efficacy of the new EDR criteria.

A Simple and Easily Reproducible Model of Reversible Obstructive Jaundice in Rats.

Background/aim: Cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic carcinoma are major malignancies that cause obstructive jaundice (OJ). This study aimed to develop a simple and easily reproducible rat model of reversible OJ (ROJ).

Materials And Methods: OJ was induced by clamping the common bile duct (CBD) using a U-shaped titanium hemoclip and its base was attached by ligation using 2-cm long 4-0 polypropylene suture.

Our Rationale of Initiating Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: A Proposal of Criteria for "Borderline Resectable" in the Field of Surgery for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: The concept of "borderline resectable" was recently introduced to the field of surgery for pancreatic cancer, and surgical outcomes for this disease with extremely dismal prognosis have improved since the introduction of this concept. However, no such concept has yet been introduced to the field of surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCca).

Aim: To determine a definition and criteria for "borderline resectable" in the field of surgery for HCca.

Single-institution experience with gemcitabine-cisplatin combination therapy as a second-line treatment for patients with unresectable biliary tract cancer after failure of gemcitabine-S-1 combination therapy: a prospective feasibility study.

Background: NCCN and Japanese clinical guidelines for the treatment of biliary tract cancer (BTC) addressed gemcitabine-cisplatin combination (GC) as first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced BTC ineligible for surgery in 2013. However, gemcitabine-S1 combination therapy (GS) has been widely used as first-line treatment in Japan because Japanese social insurance coverage of S-1 for BTC was approved prior to that of cisplatin.

Aim: To elucidate the efficacy and tolerability of GC as second-line chemotherapy for patients with unresectable BTC after failure of GS.

Significance of Vascular Resection and Reconstruction in Surgery for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: With Special Reference to Hepatic Arterial Resection and Reconstruction.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of combined resection and reconstruction (CRR) of the hepatic artery (HA) in surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC).

Materials And Method: Among 172 patients who underwent surgical resection for HC, the following three groups were defined according to the type of vascular reconstruction: VR(-) group, in which neither CRR of the portal vein (PV) nor HA was performed (n = 74); VR-PV group, in which only CRR of the PV was required (n = 54); and VR-A group, in which CRR of the HA was performed either with or without CRR of the PV (n = 44). Clinicopathological variables and clinical outcomes were compared among the three groups.

Thrombomodulin improves rat survival after extensive hepatectomy.

Background: Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rTM) protects against disseminated intravascular coagulopathy by inhibiting coagulation, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study tests the hypothesis that rTM is hepatoprotective after extensive hepatectomy (Hx) and investigates the mechanisms underlying this effect.

Materials And Methods: Experiment 1: rats (15 per group) were injected with rTM (1.

Solitary rib recurrence of hilar cholangiocarcinoma 10 years after resection: report of a case.

A 61-year-old female underwent right hemihepatectomy and caudate lobectomy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma in 1999. Ten years later, increasing serum carbohydrate 19-9 was detected by routine follow-up. Subsequent positron emission tomography revealed an asymptomatic lesion in the right 11th rib.

[Long-term survival of a breast cancer patient with liver metastasis treated with trastuzumab and Paclitaxel].

We report a long-term survival case of metastatic breast cancer treated with trastuzumab and paclitaxel. The patient was a 64-year-old female. She underwent right quadrantectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy for advanced breast cancer.