Sex differences in clinical outcomes in Japanese incident dialysis patients: a prospective observational multicenter study.

Background: A Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) has shown a one-to-one male-to-female mortality ratio, notwithstanding the statistically longer life expectancy of women in the general population. This finding contrasts with the recent report that Japanese women on dialysis treatment have a more favorable longevity. Accordingly, we further investigated the clinical procedures and outcomes to clarify the sex differences in Japanese patients undergoing dialysis treatment.

Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Vasculitis Superimposed on Infection-related Glomerulonephritis Secondary to Pulmonary Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection.

A 73-year-old woman was diagnosed with pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection and received no treatment. Disease progression was evident one year later with the development of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) titers and systemic symptoms of a fever, polyarthritis, purpura, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Her symptoms did not improve with antibiotic treatment.