Continuous cow's milk protein ingestion during infancy may promote casein-specific IgG4 production.

Background: Early supplementation and subsequent discontinuation of cow's milk formula (CMF) may increase the risk of cow's milk allergy in breast-fed infants, but little is known about the relationship between continuous CMF ingestion and cow's milk protein-specific immunoglobulin production.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the aforesaid relationship in cow's milk-sensitized infants.

Methods: Using data from a randomized controlled trial of a Japanese birth cohort, we performed a subgroup analysis of participants who had ingested CMF in the first 3 days of life and exhibited a positive skin prick test response to cow's milk at age 6 months.

Differences in Characteristics Between Patients Who Met or Partly Met the Diagnostic Criteria for Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES).

Background: Some patients with food protein-induced enterocolitis (FPIES)-like allergy do not completely fulfill the diagnostic criteria of the international consensus guideline for FPIES. However, it is unclear whether such FPIES-like patients represent a completely different population from FPIES.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify differences in characteristics between patients with FPIES who fully met diagnostic criteria and those who partly met them.

Effects of regular soy formula intake between 1 and 2 months of age on food sensitization in infancy.

Background: The effects of regular soy formula (SF) intake on the development of food sensitization in infancy remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of regular SF intake between 1 and 2 months of age on food sensitization development by 6 months of age.

Methods: Using data from a randomized controlled trial of a birth cohort from four Japanese hospitals that assessed cow's milk allergy development, we performed a retrospective cohort study of 235 infants who avoided cow's milk formula and supplemented breastfeeding with SF as required between 1 and 2 months of age.

Effects of delivery mode and labor duration on the development of food sensitization in infancy.

Background: The effects of delivery mode and labor duration on the development of food sensitization (FS) in infancy remain unclear.

Objective: To elucidate the potential effects of delivery mode and labor duration on FS development by 6 months of age.

Methods: Using data from a randomized controlled trial of a birth cohort from 4 Japanese hospitals that assessed cow's milk allergy development by 6 months of age, we performed a nested case-control trial of 462 participants who had undergone the final assessment at 6 months of age.

Early Discontinuation of Cow's Milk Protein Ingestion Is Associated with the Development of Cow's Milk Allergy.

Background: Although early supplementation with cow's milk formula (CMF) reportedly increases the risk of cow's milk allergy (CMA) in breast-fed infants, little is known about the association between the timing of CMF discontinuation and subsequent CMA development.

Objective: To elucidate the relationship between the timing of CMF discontinuation and CMA development in infants who received CMF in the early days of life.

Methods: Using data from a randomized controlled trial of a birth cohort from 4 Japanese hospitals, we performed a subgroup analysis of participants who ingested CMF in the first 3 days of life.

Randomized trial of early infant formula introduction to prevent cow's milk allergy.

Background: Previous research has produced conflicting evidence on the preventive effects of early introduction of cow's milk protein on cow's milk allergy (CMA).

Objective: Through a randomized controlled trial, we sought to determine whether the early introduction of cow's milk formula (CMF) could serve as an effective strategy in the primary prevention of CMA in a general population.

Methods: We recruited newborns from 4 hospitals in Okinawa, Japan.

[Relationship between compliance with inhaled corticosteroids and changes in the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide during summer camp for asthmatic children].

Background: Recently, the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), which can be measured easily and noninvasively even in children, has attracted attention as a method of evaluating airway inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between compliance with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) before a summer camp for asthmatic children and the changes in the FENO during camp.

Methods: Fifty asthmatic children (26 boys and 24 girls) aged 6-12 years old were recruited from the Fukuoka National Hospital Summer Camp between 2008 and 2010.

Lung sound analysis in a patient with vocal cord dysfunction and bronchial asthma.

Objective: Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a condition characterized by adduction of the vocal cords, resulting in narrowing or even closure of the glottis during inspiration. This can cause wheezing that originates at the site of narrowing. Some patients have both VCD and asthma.