Symptomatology in Unilateral Versus Bilateral Superior Canal Dehiscence Patients Undergoing Unilateral Surgery.

Objective: To compare symptomatology in patients with unilateral versus bilateral superior semicircular canal dehiscence who underwent unilateral surgical repair.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single surgeon series at tertiary academic medical center from 2002 to 2021.

Auditory and Vestibular Symptom Improvement With Surgery for Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome.

Objective: (1) To measure the change in auditory and vestibular symptoms following superior canal dehiscence (SCD) surgery, and (2) to determine differences in clinical features and surgical outcomes between superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) patients with primarily auditory or vestibular complaints.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single surgeon series at the tertiary academic medical center from 2002 to 2021.

Middle Fossa Decompression for Recurrent Facial Palsy: Prevalence and Surgical Outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the surgical outcomes in patients treated for recurrent facial nerve palsy (RFP) at a quaternary facial nerve referral center.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 132 patients with RFP who presented to our institution's facial nerve clinic from 2001 to 2021. Records were analyzed for etiology of palsy, facial nerve function, and recurrence rates.

Roid Rage: Historical Perspective on the Emergence of Oral Steroids as a Treatment of Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Objectives: To review the historical circumstances that led to the emergence of corticosteroid therapy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) and to discuss how this history has influenced current perspectives on the condition.

Methods: PubMed and Google scholar were used to identify articles of ISSNHL and oral corticoid steroid use. Historical articles accessed through our institutional medical library were also reviewed.

Development of a Predictive Model for Individualized Hearing Aid Benefit.

Objectives: To develop a model to predict individualized hearing aid benefit. To provide interpretations of model predictions on global and individual levels.

Methods: We compiled a data set of patients with hearing loss who trialed hearing aids and completed the Client Oriented Scale of Improvement (COSI) questionnaire, a validated patient-reported outcome measure of hearing aid benefit.

MRI Correlates of Ototoxicity in the Auditory Pathway in Children Treated for Medulloblastoma.

Objective: To assess diffusion and perfusion changes of the auditory pathway in pediatric medulloblastoma patients exposed to ototoxic therapies.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: A single academic tertiary children's hospital.

Effect of Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Bilateral Arm Training in Patients with Chronic Stroke.

Virtual reality (VR)-based therapies are widely used in stroke rehabilitation. Although various studies have used VR techniques for bilateral upper limb training, most have been only semi-immersive and have only been performed in an artificial environment. This study developed VR content and protocols based on activities of daily living to provide immersive VR-based bilateral arm training (VRBAT) for upper limb rehabilitation in stroke patients.

Pulmonary Embolism and Sigmoid Sinus Thrombosis After Translabyrinthine Vestibular Schwannoma Resection: A Retrospective Case Series.

Objective: To describe the presentation and treatment of patients developing pulmonary embolism following translabyrinthine approach for vestibular schwannoma resection.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series of patients at 2 academic tertiary medical centers who developed symptomatic pulmonary embolism post-operatively following translabyrinthine approach for vestibular schwannoma resection and were found to have evidence of sigmoid sinus thrombosis.

Results: Three patients were identified to have post-operative pulmonary emboli after translabyrinthine approach for vestibular schwannoma resection with sigmoid sinus or internal jugular vein clots in the absence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis.

Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism after Neurotologic Surgery.

 This study aimed to determine the incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adults undergoing neurotologic surgery at a single center.  The records of adults undergoing neurotologic surgery from August 2009 to December 2016 at a tertiary care hospital were reviewed for VTE within 30 postoperative days. Particular attention was focused on postoperative diagnosis codes, imaging, and a keyword search of postoperative notes.

Dissociating antibacterial from ototoxic effects of gentamicin C-subtypes.

Gentamicin is a potent broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic whose use is hampered by ototoxic side-effects. Hospital gentamicin is a mixture of five gentamicin C-subtypes and several impurities of various ranges of nonexact concentrations. We developed a purification strategy enabling assaying of individual C-subtypes and impurities for ototoxicity and antimicrobial activity.

Trends in Age of Cochlear Implant Recipients, and the Impact on Perioperative Complication Rates.

Objective: The aim of the study is to examine trends in the age of patients receiving cochlear implants and to determine the effect of age on the rate of perioperative complications.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of deidentified administrative claims data from a US commercial insurance database (Optum).

Patients: Individuals undergoing cochlear implantation between 2003 and 2016.

Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism after Extracranial Otologic Surgery.

Objective: To determine the incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adults undergoing otologic surgery.

Study Design: Cross-sectional retrospective study.

Setting: Single tertiary academic center.

Prevalence of Radiographic Cochlear-Facial Nerve Dehiscence.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of radiographic cochlear-facial nerve dehiscence (CFD).

Study Design: Retrospective radiological study.

Setting: Two tertiary-referral centers.

Temporal Bone CT Scan for Malleal Ligaments Assessment.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of using temporal bone computed tomography (CT) scans to identify malleal ligaments and the prevalence of calcification in malleal ligaments.

Study Design: Retrospective case review. CT scans were blindly and retrospectively reviewed by two physicians (a radiologist and a nonradiologist).

Osteoconductivity of Binary Titanium Alloys with Different Micro/Nanoporous Surfaces.

The surface characteristics and osteoconductivity were evaluated for the micro/nanoporous surfaces of titanium (Ti) alloys prepared by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and hydrothermal treatment (HT) of binary Ti-5 wt% A alloys (A = Au, Mn, Nb, and Pd). Surface properties were analyzed using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The osteoconductivity was evaluated by measuring the total protein, ALPase activity, and osteocalcin production.

Retrograde Parotidectomy and facial nerve outcomes: A case series of 44 patients.

Purpose: The most common surgical method to remove benign parotid tumors remains the prograde approach. We examined if a retrograde surgical technique offers better outcomes than historical prograde controls.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review at Stanford Hospital was conducted to identify retrograde parotidectomies between February 2012 and October 2014 that were staffed by the senior author (DS) with resident involvement.

Synthesis of upconversion nanoparticles conjugated with graphene oxide quantum dots and their use against cancer cell imaging and photodynamic therapy.

Multifunctional nanocomposite has a huge potential for cell imaging, drug delivery, and improving therapeutic effect with less side effects. To date, diverse approaches have been demonstrated to endow a single nanostructure with multifunctionality. Herein, we report the synthesis and application of core-shell nanoparticles composed with upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) as a core and a graphene oxide quantum dot (GOQD) as a shell.

Faster Triage of Veterans With Head and Neck Cancer.

High-risk patients with a growing mass require proper assessment, including a thorough history, physical examination, and fine-needle aspiration for diagnosis.

Consultation via telemedicine and access to operative care for patients with head and neck cancer in a Veterans Health Administration population.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a telemedicine model that utilizes an audiovisual teleconference as a preoperative visit.

Methods: Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients with head and neck cancer at 2 remote locations were provided access to the Palo Alto Veterans Affairs (PAVA) Health Care System otolaryngology department via the telemedicine protocol: tissue diagnosis and imaging at the patient site; data review at PAVA; and a preoperative teleconference connecting the patient to PAVA. Operative care occurred at PAVA.

Osteoblast cell adhesion and viability on nanostructured surfaces of porous titanium oxide layer.

Surface characteristics and osteoblast cell functions were investigated for the nano-structured oxide layer on commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) fabricated using microarc oxidation (MAO) and hydrothermal treatment (HT) methods. Ti-MAO-135HT, Ti-MAO-150HT, and Ti-MAO-175HT groups were fabricated by hydrothermally treating the MAO-treated specimens (Ti-MAO) in phosphorus-containing alkaline solution at temperatures of 135, 150, or 175 °C, respectively. After hydrothermal treatment, a nanosheet-shaped morphology, nano-needles and nanorods were observed on the porous surface of the Ti-MAO-135HT, Ti-MAO-150HT and Ti-MAO-175HT groups, respectively.

Activity-dependent regulation of prestin expression in mouse outer hair cells.

Prestin is a membrane protein necessary for outer hair cell (OHC) electromotility and normal hearing. Its regulatory mechanisms are unknown. Several mouse models of hearing loss demonstrate increased prestin, inspiring us to investigate how hearing loss might feedback onto OHCs.

Anterolateral approach to the upper cervical spine: Case report and operative technique.

Background: Transcervical approaches to the upper cervical spine are challenging because several upper anterior neurovascular structures need to be displaced to provide access. Although various techniques have been described, the anterolateral approach is one of the safest and most effective methods available to access the anterior C2-C3 disc space. Despite the approach's efficacy, however, it can cause postoperative complications because of, at least partly, the inter-surgeon differences in the methods by which the larynx and hypopharynx are displaced medially.

Cytotoxicity of alloying elements and experimental titanium alloys by WST-1 and agar overlay tests.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of nine types of pure metals using 36 experimental prosthetic titanium-based alloys containing 5, 10, 15, and 20wt% of each substituted metal.

Methods: The cell viabilities for pure metals on Ti alloys that contain these elements were compared with that of commercially pure (CP) Ti using the WST-1 test and agar overlay test.

Results: The ranking of pure metal cytotoxicity from most potent to least potent was: Co>Cu>In>Ag>Cr>Sn>Au>Pd>Pt>CP Ti.