Pre-hypertension as a significant predictor of chronic kidney disease in a general population: the Ohasama Study.

Background: Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear whether pre-hypertension is related to the incidence of CKD.

Methods: The incidence of CKD defined as positive proteinuria or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.

Usefulness of assessing masked and white-coat hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for determining prevalent risk of chronic kidney disease: the Ohasama study.

Masked hypertension (MHT) is considered to be associated with organ damage, whereas the association of white-coat hypertension (WCHT) with organ damage remains controversial. Using home blood pressure measurements, we have previously reported that MHT is associated with a risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with sustained normal blood pressure (SNBP), although WCHT was not significantly related to CKD in a general Japanese population. The objective of this study was to examine CKD risk associated with WCHT and MHT as determined by ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring.