Publications by authors named "Yogesh Kumaran"
Objective: Thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (T-OPLL) causes myelopathy. Although posterior decompression for T-OPLL has shown positive results, patients with kyphotic curvatures often endure poor outcomes. Posterior decompression with fusion (PDF) has demonstrated better results compared to posterior decompression alone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Design: Biomechanical study.
Purpose: To investigate the mechanical characteristics of bone models created from medical images.
Overview Of Literature: Recent advancements in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology have affected its application in surgery.
Article Synopsis
- Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a common hip disorder in children, and recent research indicates that the alignment of the spine could impact the slippage of the femoral growth plate.
- This study employed finite element analysis using CT scans to simulate different spinal alignments and their effects on shear stress during various physical activities.
- Results showed that posterior pelvic tilt is associated with higher shear stress on the growth plate, especially during activities like walking and one-leg stance, which may increase the risk of SCFE in individuals with this alignment.
Brain tumors pose a significant medical challenge necessitating precise detection and diagnosis, especially in Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Current methodologies reliant on traditional image processing and conventional machine learning encounter hurdles in accurately discerning tumor regions within intricate MRI scans, often susceptible to noise and varying image quality. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various aspects of healthcare, providing innovative solutions for diagnostics and treatment strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Pelvic ring fractures are increasingly common in older adults, with high mortality rates of 10% to 16%, necessitating effective stabilization methods through internal fixation due to the complexity of these injuries.!* -
- A study used a 3D finite element model to simulate a unilateral pelvic ring fracture and tested five fixation techniques, measuring their biomechanical performance, including range of motion and stress levels at various locations.!* -
- Results showed that trans-iliac-trans-sacral screw fixation provided the best stabilization against displacement, while different fixation techniques varied in effectiveness for stabilizing specific fracture sites and managing range of motion in the lumbar spine and pelvis.!*
Background: Discriminatory practices against minority populations are prominent, especially in the workplace. In particular, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ+) individuals experience several barriers and stressors more often than individuals who do not identify as LGBTQ+. Mistreatment is common among these individuals in their personal and professional lives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Vascularized medial femoral condyle (MFC) bone graft is useful for pseudarthrosis and osteonecrosis, but has the risk of fracture as a complication. This study aimed to create multiple three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) femur models to biomechanically evaluate the fracture risk in the donor site of a vascularized MFC bone graft.
Methods: Computer tomography scans of the femurs of nine patients (four males and five females) with no left femur disease were enrolled in the study.
Objective: Thoracolumbar vertebral fractures are one of the most common fractures; however, there is a lack of mechanical analyses for what the posterior fixation is for different spine alignments.
Methods: This study used a three-dimensional finite element model of a T1-sacrum. Three alignment models were created: intact, degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS), and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).
Objective: Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS) with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) can require revision surgery because of the intervertebral instability after decompression. However, there is a lack of mechanical analyses for decompression procedures for LSS with DISH.
Methods: This study used a validated, three-dimensional finite element model of an L1-L5 lumbar spine, L1-L4 DISH, pelvis, and femurs to compare the biomechanical parameters (range of motion [ROM], intervertebral disc, hip joint, and instrumentation stresses) with an L5-sacrum (L5-S) and L4-S posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).
Objective: Spinopelvic parameters are vital components that must be considered when treating patients with spinal disease. Several finite element (FE) studies have explored spinopelvic parameters such as sacral slope (SS) and the impact on the lumbar spine, although no study has examined the effect on the hip and sacroiliac joint (SIJ) on varying SS angles. Therefore, it is necessary to have a biomechanical understanding of the impact on the spinopelvic complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This finite element analysis aimed to investigate the effects of surgical procedures for cervical spine injury.
Methods: A three-dimensional finite element model of the cervical spine (C2-C7) was created from computed tomography. This model contained vertebrae, intervertebral discs, anterior longitudinal ligament, and posterior ligament complex.
Study Design: Biomechanical study.
Objective: Cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (C-OPLL) causes myelopathy. Though posterior decompression for C-OPLL showed positive results, poor outcomes were seen in patients with a kyphotic alignment.
Article Synopsis
- Sagittal balance is crucial for the spine's normal function and is important in managing spinal issues.
- Three finite element models were used to study different spinal alignments: a normal model, a flatback model with compensatory mechanisms, and a hyperkyphotic model.
- Results indicated that the hyperkyphotic model showed significantly higher stresses in the vertebrae, annulus fibrosus, and intradiscal pressure, particularly around the thoracolumbar region, suggesting a link to disc degeneration and vertebral fractures.
Biomechanical analysis of laminectomy, laminoplasty, posterior decompression with instrumented fusion, and anterior decompression with fusion for the kyphotic cervical spine.
Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg
September 2022
Purpose: Anterior and posterior decompressions for cervical myelopathy and radiculopathy may lead to clinical improvements. However, patients with kyphotic cervical alignment have sometimes shown poor clinical outcomes with posterior decompression. There is a lack on report of mechanical analysis of the decompression procedures for kyphotic cervical alignment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Soft tissue cervical spine injury (CSI) has the possibility of causing cervical segmental instability, which can lead to spinal cord injury. There is a lack of certainty in assessing whether soft tissue CSI is unstable or not. This biomechanical study aimed to investigate the risk factors of soft tissue CSI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Lumbar procedures for Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) range from open (OS) to minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) to preserve paraspinal musculature. We quantify the biomechanics of cross-sectional area (CSA) reduction of paraspinal muscles following TLIF on the adjacent segments.
Methods: ROM was acquired from a thoracolumbar ribcage finite element (FE) model across each FSU for flexion-extension.