The degree of radiographic abnormalities and postural instability in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Aim: To determine the degree of radiographic abnormalities based on Kellgren-Lawrence criteria, to determine posturography features in patients with knee OA.

Methods: Ninety nine subjects were recruited by consecutive sampling at the outpatient clinic of Internal Medicine in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. History taking and physical examination including rheumatology examination were conducted, followed by knee radiographic examination in weight bearing and 30 degree skyline position.

Correlation between free thyroxin levels and left ventricular ejection fraction in Graves' disease (preliminary study).

Aim: to determine the correlation between free thyroid hormone level and left ventricular ejection fraction in newly diagnosed Graves' patients.

Methods: this is a preliminary study with an initial cross-sectional design using free thyroxine level as a parameter of thyroid hormone state and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) as a parameter of left ventricular systolic function. Free thyroxine level was measured in the laboratory and the LVEF was assessed by Simpson's methods of echocardiography study.

Scleroderma in a young man.

Scleroderma is a chronic disorder, slowly progressing characterized by diffuse fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. There are functional and structural abnormalities small blood vessels, fibrosis of the skin and internal organs, immune system activation and autoimmunity. Female predominance is most pronounced during mid and late childbearing age, women to men ratio is 7-12 : 1.

The proportion of dyslipidemia in systemic lupus erythematosus patient and distribution of correlated factors.

Aim: To understand the proportion of dyslipidemia in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and the influencing factors of dyslipidemia.

Methods: AN observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on new and longstanding SLE patients who had been diagnosed based on ARA criteria 1982 with 1997 revision. They had been hospitalized and treated at Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital and the other private Hospitals in Jakarta, i.