Planktomarina temperata gen. nov., sp. nov., belonging to the globally distributed RCA cluster of the marine Roseobacter clade, isolated from the German Wadden Sea.

Four heterotrophic bacterial strains belonging to the globally distributed marine RCA (Roseobacter clade-affiliated) cluster (family Rhodobacteraceae, class Alphaproteobacteria) were obtained from coastal seawater samples. Strain RCA23(T) was isolated from a 10(-7) dilution culture inoculated with seawater from the German Wadden Sea (southern North Sea), reflecting the high abundance of RCA bacteria in this habitat. Strains IMCC1909, IMCC1923 and IMCC1933 were isolated from diluted seawater (10(-3)) of the Yellow Sea, South Korea.

Phenotypic landscape of a bacterial cell.

The explosion of sequence information in bacteria makes developing high-throughput, cost-effective approaches to matching genes with phenotypes imperative. Using E. coli as proof of principle, we show that combining large-scale chemical genomics with quantitative fitness measurements provides a high-quality data set rich in discovery.

Perlucidibaca piscinae gen. nov., sp. nov., a freshwater bacterium belonging to the family Moraxellaceae.

A freshwater bacterium, designated IMCC1704(T), was isolated from a eutrophic pond. The strain was Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, catalase-negative, chemoheterotrophic and facultatively aerobic with cells that were motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analyses, the novel strain was most closely related to the genera Alkanindiges (91.

Ruegeria pelagia sp. nov., isolated from the Sargasso Sea, Atlantic Ocean.

Gram-negative, facultatively aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, short rod-shaped marine bacterial strains HTCC2662(T) and HTCC2663, isolated from the Sargasso Sea by using a dilution-to-extinction culturing method, were investigated to determine their taxonomic position. Characterization of the two strains by phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that they belonged to the same species. The DNA G+C content of strain HTCC2662(T) was 58.

Litoricolaceae fam. nov., to include Litoricola lipolytica gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium belonging to the order Oceanospirillales.

A Gram-negative, non-motile, chemoheterotrophic, facultatively aerobic, short-rod-shaped bacterium, designated IMCC1097(T), was isolated from coastal seawater (10 m depth) of the East Sea, Korea. The temperature, pH and NaCl ranges for growth were 15-30 degrees C, pH 5.0-10.

Lutimonas vermicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from the marine polychaete Periserrula leucophryna.

A Gram-negative, yellow-coloured, non-motile, chemoheterotrophic, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated IMCC1616(T), was isolated from the marine polychaete Periserrula leucophryna inhabiting tidal flat sediment of the Yellow Sea, and characterized by a polyphasic approach. The temperature, pH and NaCl ranges for growth were 3-37 degrees C, pH 5.0-11.

Marinobacterium litorale sp. nov. in the order Oceanospirillales.

A bacterial strain named IMCC1877(T) was obtained from surface seawater collected near the coast of Deokjeok island (Yellow Sea), using a standard dilution-plating method. The strain was Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic and facultatively anaerobic, requiring NaCl, and cells were motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Colonies on marine agar were very small (average diameter 0.

Maritimibacter alkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a genome-sequenced marine bacterium of the Roseobacter clade in the order Rhodobacterales.

A Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic, strictly aerobic, alkaliphilic, rod-shaped marine bacterium, designated HTCC2654(T), was isolated from the western Sargasso Sea by using a dilution-to-extinction culturing method. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HTCC2654(T) belonged to the Roseobacter clade of the order Rhodobacterales. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of the strain with respect to other members of the Roseobacter clade ranged from 90.

Puniceicoccus vermicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium, and description of Puniceicoccaceae fam. nov., Puniceicoccales ord. nov., Opitutaceae fam. nov., Opitutales ord. nov. and Opitutae classis nov. in the phylum 'Verrucomicrobia'.

A Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic coccus, designated IMCC1545(T), was isolated from the digestive tract of a marine clamworm, Periserrula leucophryna, inhabiting a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea. Cells of strain IMCC1545(T) are non-motile, dividing by binary fission. The predominant fatty acids are anteiso-C(15 : 0) and C(18 : 0).

Detection of human adenoviruses and enteroviruses in Korean oysters using cell culture, integrated cell culture-PCR, and direct PCR.

Oysters are known to be carriers of food-born diseases, but research on viruses in Korean oysters is scarce despite its importance for public health. We therefore tested oysters cultivated in Goheung, Seosan, Chungmu, and Tongyeong, for viral contamination using cell culture and integrated cell culture PCR (ICC-PCR) with Buffalo green monkey kidney (BGMK) and human lung epithelial (A549) cells. Additional screens via PCR, amplifying viral nucleic acids extracted from oysters supplemented our analysis.