Sexually dimorphic anthropometric measurements in patients with hypospadias and cryptorchidism.

Inappropriate exposure or activity of sex hormones in-utero has been postulated as a leading cause for the development of hypospadias and cryptorchidism. Anthropometric sexually dimorphic traits such as the 2 to 4 digit ratio (2D:4D), anogenital distance (AGD) and the stretched penile length (SPL), have been associated with androgen and estrogen activity in-utero. Evaluate anthropometric parameters in patients with hypospadias or cryptorchidism compared with healthy controls.

The second to fourth digit ratio in patients with congenital IGF-1 Deficiency.

The relationship between the length of the second and fourth ring finger (2D:4D ratio) is a sexually dimorphic trait, higher in females than in males. It is established during early prenatal development under the influence of sex hormones, as demonstrated in numerous studies both in humans and in mice. The current study involves patients with congenital GH/IGF-1 deficiency, a population not yet investigated.