Real-world evidence for pembrolizumab in non-small cell lung cancer: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Based on favourable results from clinical trials, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have become the standard first line (1 L) systemic anticancer treatment (SACT) for advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without targetable mutations. We evaluate whether these results are generalizable to everyday clinical practice and compare overall survival (OS) of patients treated with ICI to a historical cohort of patients treated with chemotherapy and results from clinical trials.

Methods: Our study comprised all advanced NSCLC patients initiating SACT in 2012-21 in Norway.

Educational disparities in cancer incidence, stage, and survival in Oslo.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine disparities in cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, and survival rates across districts with differences in education levels in Oslo, Norway.

Methods: Aggregated data from the Cancer Registry of Norway in the period 2013-2021 were used to describe the distribution of cancer incidence and survival across Oslo's 15 administrative districts, subsequently grouped into three areas based on the population's level of education. Age-standardised incidence rates and five-year relative survival were calculated for colon, rectal, lung, melanoma, breast, and prostate cancer.

Small Cell Lung Cancer in Norway: Patterns of Care by Health Region and Survival Trends.

Introduction/background: There has been a marked survival improvement for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. We describe the national trends in characteristics and survival, and geographical differences in diagnostic workup, treatment, and survival for patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Materials And Methods: Patients registered with SCLC at the Cancer Registry of Norway in 2002 to 2022 were included.

Distribution and characteristics of malignant tumours by lung lobe.

Background: The main focus on the characteristics of malignant lung tumours has been the size, position within the lobe, and infiltration into neighbouring structures. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and characteristics of malignant tumours between the lung lobes and whether the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome differed based on location.

Methods: This study is based on 10,849 lung cancer patients diagnosed in 2018-2022 with complete data on the location and characteristics of the tumours.

Use of radiotherapy in patients with oesophageal, stomach, colon, rectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, and ovarian cancer: an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study.

Background: There is little evidence on variation in radiotherapy use in different countries, although it is a key treatment modality for some patients with cancer. Here we aimed to examine such variation.

Methods: This population-based study used data from Norway, the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales), nine Canadian provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Saskatchewan), and two Australian states (New South Wales and Victoria).

Use of chemotherapy in patients with oesophageal, stomach, colon, rectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, and ovarian cancer: an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study.

Background: There are few data on international variation in chemotherapy use, despite it being a key treatment type for some patients with cancer. Here, we aimed to examine the presence and size of such variation.

Methods: This population-based study used data from Norway, the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales), eight Canadian provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Saskatchewan), and two Australian states (New South Wales and Victoria).

Clustering and trajectories of key noncommunicable disease risk factors in Norway: the NCDNOR project.

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of premature death globally and have common preventable risk factors. In Norway, the NCDNOR-project aims at establishing new knowledge in the prevention of NCDs by combining information from national registries with data from population-based health studies. In the present study, we aimed to harmonize data on key NCD risk factors from the health studies, describe clustering of risk factors using intersection diagrams and latent class analysis, and identify long-term risk factor trajectories using latent class mixed models.

Tracheal cancer: a rare and deadly but potentially curable disease that also affects younger people.

Objectives: The incidence of tracheal cancer is low, few clinicians get much experience and the awareness may be low. Recent data on the treatment and outcome are limited. The aim of the present study was to present updated, national data on the incidence, characteristics, treatment and outcome for patients with tracheal cancer.

Real-World Data on EGFR and ALK Testing and TKI Usage in Norway-A Nation-Wide Population Study.

Clinical studies have shown the efficacy of EGFR- and ALK-directed therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Real-world data on, e.g.

Concordance between clinical and pathology TNM-staging in lung cancer.

Objectives: A prerequisite for utilizing the tumour, lymph-nodes, and metastases (TNM) for the staging of lung cancer patients is a high quality of the reported data on which the staging is based. The aim of this study was to investigate the concordance between the clinical, cTNM and the pathology, pTNM staging for lung cancer, version 8 as reported to the Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN).

Materials And Methods: A total of 1284 patients who underwent surgery 2018-2019 with sufficient data regarding both clinical and pathology T and N descriptors were included.

Molecular pathological insights reveal a high number of unfavorable risk patients among children treated for medulloblastoma and CNS-PNET in Oslo 2005-2017.

Background: An unexplained regional difference in survival was observed in previous publications on outcome for children treated for medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (CNS-PNET) in Norway. We aimed now to reevaluate and perform a retrospective molecular-based risk stratification of all embryonal brain tumors (excluding atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors [ATRT]) in pediatric patients, who underwent surgery and treatment at Oslo University Hospital between 2005 and 2017.

Procedure: Specimens from all patients <20 years of age with initial diagnosis of medulloblastoma or CNS-PNET were reviewed.

Factors affecting outcome in resected -mutated lung cancer.

Introduction: Long-term data on disease trajectory of -mutated early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still limited. This is relevant in the context of the recently approved introduction of adjuvant EGFR-targeting therapy, specifically osimertinib in resected stage II-III -mutated NSCLC.

Methods: Long-term data on patients with resected adenocarcinoma of the lung and known -status were analysed with focus on site of relapse and detailed cause of death.

Risk factors and prognostic implications of diagnosis of cancer within 30 days after an emergency hospital admission (emergency presentation): an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study.

Background: Greater understanding of international cancer survival differences is needed. We aimed to identify predictors and consequences of cancer diagnosis through emergency presentation in different international jurisdictions in six high-income countries.

Methods: Using a federated analysis model, in this cross-sectional population-based study, we analysed cancer registration and linked hospital admissions data from 14 jurisdictions in six countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK), including patients with primary diagnosis of invasive oesophageal, stomach, colon, rectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, or ovarian cancer during study periods from Jan 1, 2012, to Dec 31, 2017.

Compliance with recommended cancer patient pathway timeframes and choice of treatment differed by cancer type and place of residence among cancer patients in Norway in 2015-2016.

Background: Cancer patient pathways (CPPs) were implemented in Norway to reduce unnecessary waiting times, regional variations, and to increase the predictability of cancer care for the patients. This study aimed to determine if 70% of cancer patients started treatment within the recommended time frames, and to identify potential delays.

Methods: Patients registered with a colorectal, lung, breast, or prostate cancer diagnosis at the Cancer Registry of Norway in 2015-2016 were linked with the Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway.

Thoracic Radiotherapy in Limited-Stage SCLC-a Population-Based Study of Patterns of Care in Norway From 2000 Until 2018.

Introduction: Twice-daily (BID) thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) of 45 Gy per 30 fractions is recommended for limited-stage (LS) SCLC, but most patients are treated with once-daily (OD) schedules owing to toxicity concerns and logistic challenges. An alternative is hypofractionated OD TRT of 40 to 42 Gy per 15 fractions. A randomized trial by our group indicated that TRT of 45 Gy per 30 fractions is more effective than TRT of 42 Gy per 15 fractions, and because it was not more toxic, 45 BID replaced 42 OD as the recommended schedule in Norway.

Epidemiology and outcome of peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma subtypes in Norway. A 20 year nation-wide study.

Background: Mesothelioma of the pleural or peritoneal cavities is one of the deadliest cancer types. The incidence of pleural subtypes has decreased over time due to decrease in asbestos exposure, and the current treatment landscape is changing due to introduction of novel therapies. In this study we have analysed contemporary epidemiological data of mesothelioma on a national level before the advent of immunotherapy.

Factors associated with emergency-related diagnosis, time to treatment and type of treatment in 5713 lung cancer patients.

Background: International and national differences exist in survival among lung cancer patients. Possible explanations include varying proportions of emergency presentations (EPs), unwanted differences in waiting time to treatment and unequal access to treatment.

Methods: Case-mix-adjusted multivariable logistic regressions the odds of EP and access to surgery, radiotherapy and systemic anticancer treatment (SACT).

Factors associated with emergency-onset diagnosis, time to treatment and type of treatment in colorectal cancer patients in Norway.

Background: International differences in survival among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients may partly be explained by differences in emergency presentations (EP), waiting times and access to treatment.

Methods: CRC patients registered in 2015-2016 at the Cancer Registry of Norway were linked with the Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway. Multivariable logistic regressions analysed the odds of an EP and access to surgery, radiotherapy and systemic anticancer treatment (SACT).

Patient and tumour characteristics associated with inclusion in Cancer patient pathways in Norway in 2015-2016.

Background: Cancer patient pathways (CPPs) were implemented in 2015 to reduce waiting time, regional variation in waiting time, and to increase the predictability of cancer care for the patients. The aims of this study were to see if the national target of 70% of all cancer patients being included in a CPP was met, and to identify factors associated with CPP inclusion.

Methods: All patients registered with a colorectal, lung, breast or prostate cancer diagnosis at the Cancer Registry of Norway in the period 2015-2016 were linked with the Norwegian Patient Registry for CPP information and with Statistics Norway for sociodemographic variables.

Increase in curative treatment and survival of lung cancer in Norway 2001-2016.

We have studied the alterations in the use of curative treatment and the outcome for lung cancer patients in Norway 2001-2016. The Cancer Registry of Norway has a practically complete registration of all cancer diagnoses, treatments given and deaths. For the years 2001-2016, 43,137 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer.

Decreasing waiting time for treatment before and during implementation of cancer patient pathways in Norway.

Background: In 2015, Norway implemented cancer patient pathways to reduce waiting times for treatment. The aims of this paper were to describe patterns in waiting time and their association with patient characteristics for colorectal, lung, breast and prostate cancers.

Methods: National, population-based data from 2007 to 2016 were used.

Substantial nation-wide improvement in lung cancer relative survival in Norway from 2000 to 2016.

Introduction: There have been significant changes in both diagnostic procedures and therapy for lung cancer since the beginning of the millennium. National incidence and survival data from 2000 through 2016 are studied.

Methods: National data on cancer incidence and vital status are virtually complete.

High mortality due to cutaneous melanoma in Norway: a study of prognostic factors in a nationwide cancer registry.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine why Norway has the highest rate of mortality due to cutaneous melanoma (CM) in Europe. The Norwegian Malignant Melanoma Registry (NMMR) enables the study of clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients who die due to CM.

Results: The NMMR and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry provided data on the clinical and histopathological factors as well as the date and cause of death, through June 2015 for all first invasive CMs diagnosed in 2008-2012 (n=8087).

Regional variations in cancer survival: Impact of tumour stage, socioeconomic status, comorbidity and type of treatment in Norway.

Cancer survival varies by place of residence, but it remains uncertain whether this reflects differences in tumour, patient and treatment characteristics (including tumour stage, indicators of socioeconomic status (SES), comorbidity and information on received surgery and radiotherapy) or possibly regional differences in the quality of delivered health care. National population-based data from the Cancer Registry of Norway were used to identify cancer patients diagnosed in 2002-2011 (n = 258,675). We investigated survival from any type of cancer (all cancer sites combined), as well as for the six most common cancers.