Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributable to non-optimal temperature, 1990-2044: six countries on the same isotherm.

Background: With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather worldwide, non-optimal temperature increased the risk of death from respiratory diseases. The burden of non-optimal temperature on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was quantitatively assessed, and its influencing factors were discussed to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of COPD.

Methods: Based on GBD 2019, we characterized the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and years of life lost rate (ASYR) of COPD attributable to non-optimal temperature in three groups of countries at different isotherms (China and USA, South Africa and Australia, Iraq and Portugal) between 1990 and 2019.

The Role of PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α Pathway in the Effect of Nano-TiO on Lactate Production in TM4 Cells.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO) can cause a reduction in sperm counts, and lactate production in Sertoli cells plays a key role in spermatogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nano-TiO on lactate production in mouse Sertoli cell line (TM4 cells) and to investigate whether the effect is mediated through the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway. After TM4 cells were treated with different concentrations of nano-TiO for 48 h, cell viability, contents of glucose and lactate, and the expression levels of GLUT3 and key enzymes (HK1, HK2, PFKM, ENO1, LDH) during lactate production were detected.

Associations between co-exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and metabolic diseases: The mediating roles of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pose potential risks to human health. In real-world settings, humans are exposed to various PFAS through numerous pathways.

Objectives: This study evaluated the associations between co-exposure to PFAS and obesity and its comorbidities, along with the mediating roles of inflammation and oxidative stress.

The ROS Mediates MCUb in Mitochondria-Regulated Apoptosis of TM4 Cells Induced by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) can cause mitochondrial apoptosis of TM4 cells associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and Ca overload, but the relations among these processes remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether the accumulation of ROS caused by TiO NPs inhibits MCUb expression, leading to mitochondrial calcium overload and subsequent cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. TM4 cells were exposed to different concentrations of TiO NPs (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 μg/mL) for 24 h.

A Histopathologic Correlation Study Evaluating Glymphatic Function in Brain Tumors by Multiparametric MRI.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the impact of brain tumors on cerebral edema and glymphatic drainage by leveraging advanced MRI techniques to explore the relationships among tumor characteristics, glymphatic function, and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression levels.

Experimental Design: In a prospective cohort from March 2022 to April 2023, patients with glioblastoma, brain metastases, and aggressive meningiomas, alongside age- and sex-matched healthy controls, underwent 3.0T MRI, including diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index and multiparametric MRI for quantitative brain mapping.

Global, regional, and national burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to occupational asbestos exposure 1990-2019 and prediction to 2035: worsening or improving?

Understanding the burden associated with occupational asbestos exposure on a global and regional scale is necessary to implement coordinated prevention and control strategies. By the GBD Study 2019, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of the non-communicable diseases burden attributable to occupational asbestos exposure. In 2019, 239,330 deaths and 4,189,000 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) worldwide due to occupational asbestos exposure occurred.

The therapeutic effect of anti-CD19 antibody on DHEA-induced PCOS mice.

Immune dysregulation has been summarized as a critical factor in the occurrence and development of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but potential mediators and mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous study showed that CD19 B cells were involved in the pathogenesis of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mice. Here, we studied the therapeutic potential of anti-CD19 antibody (aCD19 Ab) on DHEA-induced PCOS mice.

Global burden of maternal disorders attributable to malnutrition from 1990 to 2019 and predictions to 2035: worsening or improving?

Background And Aims: Maternal malnutrition is a major global public health problem that can lead to serious maternal diseases. This study aimed to analyze and predict the spatio-temporal trends in the burden of maternal disorders attributable to malnutrition, and to provide a basis for scientific improvement of maternal malnutrition and targeted prevention of maternal disorders.

Methods: Data on maternal disorders attributable to malnutrition, including number of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), population attributable fractions (PAFs), age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDRs) were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 to describe their epidemiological characteristics by age, region, year, and type of disease.

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Induce Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis through Inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Spermatogonia.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) can result in the reduction of sperm numbers, but the mechanisms have not been well elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TiO NPs on cell cycle and apoptosis in spermatogonia and to explore the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in this process. The mouse spermatogonia cell line (GC-1) was treated with TiO NPs at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 μg/mL) for 24 h to detect cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and key proteins related to cell cycle and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Corrigendum: Global burden of non-communicable chronic diseases associated with a diet low in fruits from 1990 to 2019.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.

Global burden of non-communicable chronic diseases associated with a diet low in fruits from 1990 to 2019.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the global burden of disease from non-communicable chronic diseases (NCD) due to diet low in fruits from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019, the global burden of disease due to diet low in fruits was analyzed for each country or region, disaggregated by disease type, age, sex, and year. The number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), population attributable fraction (PAF), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) were calculated, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated to describe trends in ASMR and ASDR from 1990 to 2019.

Epidemiological characteristics of leukemia in China, 2005-2017: a log-linear regression and age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: Leukemia is a threat to human health, and there are relatively few studies on the incidence, mortality and disease burden analysis of leukemia in China. This study aimed to analyze the incidence and mortality rates of leukemia in China from 2005 to 2017 and estimate their age-period-cohort effects, it is an important prerequisite for effective prevention and control of leukemia.

Methods: Leukemia incidence and mortality data from 2005 to 2017 were collected from the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report.

Adverse associations between maternal deoxynivalenol exposure and birth outcomes: a prospective cohort study in China.

Background: Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most prevalent mycotoxins, has been found to cause fetal growth retardation in animals. However, limited evidence exists regarding its effects on pregnant women.

Methods: Maternal urinary concentration of total DON (tDON) and free DON (fDON) in the second trimester was measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

Patterns of global burden of 13 diseases attributable to lead exposure, 1990-2019.

Objectives: Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of the global burden of various diseases resulting from lead exposure is critical for controlling lead pollution and disease prevention.

Methods: Based on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) framework and methodology, the global, regional, and national burden of 13 level-three diseases attributable to lead exposure were analyzed by disease type, patient age and sex, and year of occurrence. Population attributable fraction (PAF), deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) obtained from the GBD 2019 database were used as descriptive indicators, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was estimated by a log-linear regression model to reflect the time trend.

Fatal, non-fatal burden of cancer in the elderly in China, 2005-2016: a nationwide registry-based study.

Background: As populations age, cancer burden becomes increasingly conspicuous. This study quantified the cancer burden of the elderly (≥ 60 years) in China, based on the China Cancer Registry Annual Report to provide epidemiological evidence for cancer prevention and control.

Methods: Data on cancer cases and deaths among the elderly aged ≥ 60 years were collected from the China Cancer Registry Annual Report, 2008-2019.

Trends of cancer incidence among Chinese older adults from 2005 to 2016: A log-linear regression and age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: To study the corresponding strategies for controlling cancer in older adults aged 60 and above in China, a comprehensive assessment of disease burden is required. Therefore, we will introduce the cancer epidemiological characteristics of older adults in China over a recent 12 year period.

Methods: The age-period-cohort model was constructed using the cancer incidence data from the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report published in 2008-2019.

Association of three insulin resistance indices with hypertension and body weight among Uyghur adults in rural areas of Xinjiang, China.

Obesity and insulin resistance are significant contributors to hypertension. There is a high prevalence of obesity among Uyghurs in the rural areas of Xinjiang, China. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association between insulin resistance indices and hypertension according to different body weights in rural Uyghur residents of Xinjiang, China.

Association of H-Type Hypertension with miR-21, miR-29, and miR-199 in Kazahks of Xinjiang, China.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the expressions of miR-21, miR-29, and miR-199 in the serum of the patients with H-type hypertension among Kazakhs. Then, we analyzed the effect of MTHFR 677C > T polymorphism on the association between the above miRNA and H-type hypertension.

Method: In this study, the expression of miR-21, miR-29, and miR-199 was quantitatively measured in 120 serum samples and then stratified according to the C677T polymorphism to analyze the relationship between target miRNAs and HHcy.

Updating Framingham CVD risk score using waist circumference and estimated cardiopulmonary function: a cohort study based on a southern Xinjiang population.

Purpose: To explore the association between waist circumference (WC), estimated cardiopulmonary function (eCRF), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in southern Xinjiang. Update the Framingham model to make it more suitable for the southern Xinjiang population.

Methods: Data were collected from 7705 subjects aged 30-74 years old in Tumushuke City, the 51st Regiment of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

Exposure assessment of urinary deoxynivalenol in pregnant women in Wuhan, China.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a ubiquitous trichothecene mycotoxin in food. DON and its modified forms can cross the placental barrier and influence the foetus' health. Limited information is available on exposure of dietary DON intake of pregnant women in China recently.

A Cardiovascular Disease Prediction Model Based on Routine Physical Examination Indicators Using Machine Learning Methods: A Cohort Study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are currently the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Model-based early detection of high-risk populations for CVD is the key to CVD prevention. Thus, this research aimed to use machine learning (ML) algorithms to establish a CVD prediction model based on routine physical examination indicators suitable for the Xinjiang rural population.

Burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to dietary lead exposure in adolescents and adults in China.

Lead is a naturally occurring metal with a range of industrial applications; however, it can cause adverse health effects upon human exposure. Even if blood lead levels (BLLs) in the human body are in the acceptable range, it is independently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of death in China. However, the role of lead exposure in CVD outcomes has not been quantified well.

Construction of a Personalized Insulin Resistance Risk Assessment Tool in Xinjiang Kazakhs Based on Lipid- and Obesity-Related Indices.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the relationship between obesity- and lipid-related indices and insulin resistance (IR) and construct a personalized IR risk model for Xinjiang Kazakhs based on representative indices.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed from 2010 to 2012. A total of 2170 Kazakhs from Xinyuan County were selected as research subjects.

Association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and H-type hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T has been linked to H-type hypertension. But the conclusion remained controversial. To elucidate this issue, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to analyze the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and H-type hypertension.