Double cross-linked chitosan sponge encapsulated with ZrO/soy protein isolate amyloid fibrils nanoparticles for the fluoride ion removal from water.

Fluoride ion pollution in water has become a serious threat to the water environment and human health. Adsorption is a promising means of fluoride removal, but it also faces challenges such as the difficult separation and recovery of powdered particles, the leaching of modified coatings from adsorbents, and the structural disintegration of macroscopic adsorbents. For addressing the above challenges, glutaraldehyde/polyvinyl alcohol co-crosslinked ZrSAF/chitosan spongy composites (ZrS/GPCS) were prepared by utilizing encapsulation strategies and cross-linking.

Chloroplast ATP synthase restricts photosynthesis under fluctuating light in tomato but not in maize.

Photosynthesis in fluctuating light requires coordinated adjustments of diffusion conductance and biochemical capacity, but the role of chloroplast ATP synthase activity (g) in dynamic photosynthesis is not well understood. In this study, we measured gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and electrochromic shift signals in fluctuating light for leaves of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and maize (Zea mays). During the transition from sun to shade, simultaneous increases in g, effective quantum yield of PSII, and net CO assimilation rate (A) occurred in tomato but uncoupled in maize, indicating that g  limited A during the sun-to-shade transition in tomato but not in maize.

Insights into the Dynamic Succession of Microbial Community and Related Factors of Vanillin Content Change Based by High-Throughput Sequencing and Daqu Quality Drivers.

is an important saccharifying starter in the fermentation of in China. Vanillin is a health and flavor factor in Baijiu. However, only a few research studies on the vanillin content of are currently not systematic.

Root branching under high salinity requires auxin-independent modulation of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARY DOMAIN 16 function.

Salinity stress constrains lateral root (LR) growth and severely affects plant growth. Auxin signaling regulates LR formation, but the molecular mechanism by which salinity affects root auxin signaling and whether salt induces other pathways that regulate LR development remains unknown. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the auxin-regulated transcription factor LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARY DOMAIN 16 (LBD16) is an essential player in LR development under control conditions.

Optical multiband polarimetric modulation sensing for gender and species identification of flying native solitary pollinators.

Native pollinators are crucial to local ecosystems but are under threat with the introduction of managed pollinators, e.g., honeybees ().

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals tumor heterogeneity, microenvironment, and drug-resistance mechanisms of recurrent glioblastoma.

Glioblastomas are highly heterogeneous brain tumors. Despite the availability of standard treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), i.e.

Management and Prognosis of Snake Envenomation Among Pediatric Patients: A National Database Study.

Background: Snakebites constitute a common medical emergency in tropical and subtropical regions. Pediatric snake envenomation is a special category that has not been well studied. This study investigated the management and prognostic factors of snake envenomation in children using a Taiwanese national database.

Engineered Bifunctional Luminescent Pillared-Layer Frameworks for Adsorption of CO and Sensitive Detection of Nitrobenzene in Aqueous Media.

Through a dual-ligand synthetic approach, five isoreticular primitive cubic (pcu)-type pillared-layer metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), [Zn (dicarboxylate) (NI-bpy-44)]⋅x DMF⋅y H O, in which dicarboxylate=1,4-bdc (1), Br-1,4-bdc (2), NH -1,4-bdc (3), 2,6-ndc (4), and bpdc (5), have been engineered. MOFs 1-5 feature twofold degrees of interpenetration and have open pores of 27.0, 33.

Insect flight velocity measurement with a CW near-IR Scheimpflug lidar system.

Flight velocity measurement is an important aspect of insect research that can aid insect identification and facilitate studies and monitoring of insect movements. We propose a novel scheme for the 1-D flight velocity measurement of insects, based on a near-IR Scheimpflug lidar system. We implement this new technique and apply it to study insects at the Salter Research Farm, Robertson County, Texas.

MSC-derived exosomal miR-34a/c-5p and miR-29b-3p improve intestinal barrier function by targeting the Snail/Claudins signaling pathway.

Aims: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSCs-exos) regulate biological functions in different diseases, such as liver fibrosis, diabetes, and ischaemic heart injury. However, the function of MSC-derived exosomes on the intestinal barrier and the underlying mechanisms are poorly characterized.

Main Methods: The expression of miR-34a/c-5p, miR-29b-3p and Claudin-3 in human normal intestinal tissues and damaged intestinal tissues was evaluated by RT-qPCR.

Mercury as a Geophysical Tracer Gas - Emissions from the Emperor Qin Tomb in Xi´an Studied by Laser Radar.

Mercury is, because of its high vapor pressure and its prevalence in the atmosphere as atoms, an interesting geophysical tracer gas, also with potential archaeological applications. According to historical records dating back 2200 years, the mausoleum chamber of the "Terracotta Army Emperor" Qin in Xi´an, China, contains large amounts of liquid mercury, considered as an elixir of life at the time. We here report on measurements of the atmospheric contents of atomic mercury above the tomb mound performed with a mobile differential absorption lidar (light detection and ranging) system.

Analysis of differentially expressed circular RNAs in endothelial cells under impinging flow.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special type of non-coding RNA. To elucidate the relationship between hemodynamics and the function of circRNAs in endothelial cells (ECs), a modified T chamber system was designed and produced for the present experiment. This T chamber system can be used to simulate the hemodynamic environment at the bifurcation of the arteries.

Vis/NIR reflectance spectroscopy for hybrid rice variety identification and chlorophyll content evaluation for different nitrogen fertilizer levels.

Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrient indicators for the growth of crops, and is closely related to the chlorophyll content of leaves and thus influences the photosynthetic ability of the crops. In this study, five hybrid rice varieties were cultivated during one entire growing period in one experimental field supplied with six nitrogen fertilizer levels. Visible and near infrared (vis/NIR) reflectance spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis was used to identify hybrid rice varieties and nitrogen fertilizer levels, as well as to detect chlorophyll content associated with nitrogen levels.

Optical characterization of Chinese hybrid rice using laser-induced fluorescence techniques-laboratory and remote-sensing measurements: publisher's note.

This publisher's note corrects the author listing and a figure caption in Appl. Opt.57, 3481 (2018)APOPAI0003-693510.

A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for the Formation of de novo Intracranial Aneurysms.

Background: Understanding the risk factors for the formation of de novo intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is important for patients who have ever suffered a cerebral aneurysm.

Objective: To estimate the risk factors for the development of a de novo IA to identify which patients need more aggressive surveillance after aneurysm treatment.

Methods: We followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines and searched the PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, and LILACS databases using the key words cerebral aneurysms, de novo, IAs, risk factors combined using and/or.

Lidar mapping of atmospheric atomic mercury in the Wanshan area, China.

A novel mobile laser radar system was used for mapping gaseous atomic mercury (Hg) atmospheric pollution in the Wanshan district, south of Tongren City, Guizhou Province, China. This area is heavily impacted by legacy mercury from now abandoned mining activities. Differential absorption lidar measurements were supplemented by localized point monitoring using a Lumex RA-915M Zeeman modulation mercury analyzer.

Optical characterization of Chinese hybrid rice using laser-induced fluorescence techniques-laboratory and remote-sensing measurements.

Chinese hybrid rice of different varieties, growing in paddies in the Pingqiao district, north of Xinyang city, Henan province, China, was studied in detailed spectroscopic characteristics using laser-induced fluorescence. The base for the studies was the new South China Normal University mobile lidar laboratory, which was dispatched on site, providing facilities both for laboratory studies using a 405 nm excitation source as well as remote sensing measurements at ranges from around 40 m-120 m, mostly employing the 532 nm output from a Nd:YAG laser. We, in particular, studied the spectral influence of the species varieties as well as the level of nitrogen fertilization supplied.

Development of a SYBR green-based real-time quantitative PCR assay to detect PCV3 in pigs.

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) has been reported in cases of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive failure, cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation. A SYBR green-based real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was established in this study to detect PCV3 in 203 clinical samples from suckling piglets affected by congenital tremors in China. The limit of detection (LOD) of PCV3 was 1.

Reflectance and fluorescence characterization of maize species using field laboratory measurements and lidar remote sensing.

Laser-induced fluorescence is an important technique to study photosynthesis and plants. Information on chlorophyll and other pigments can be obtained. We have been using a mobile laboratory in a Chinese experimental farm setting to study maize (Zea mays L.

Laser spectroscopy applied to environmental, ecological, food safety, and biomedical research.

Laser spectroscopy provides many possibilities for multi-disciplinary applications in environmental monitoring, in the ecological field, for food safety investigations, and in biomedicine. The paper gives several examples of the power of multi-disciplinary applications of laser spectroscopy as pursued in our research group. The studies utilize mostly similar and widely applicable spectroscopic approaches.

Radix puerariae extracts ameliorate paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating follistatin-like 1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2p45-related factor-2 signalling pathways through downregulation of miRNA-21 expression.

Background: Puerarin, extracted from Radix puerariae, was reported to ameliorate airway inflammation, lung injury and lung fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ) in mice. However, effects of Radix puerariae extracts (RPEs) on lung fibrosis or signalling pathways in PQ-induced lung injury have not been well studied. Therefore, the goals of our study were to investigate whether Radix puerariae extracts are antifibrotic in a paraquat (PQ) induced lung fibrosis model in mice and to propose possible mechanisms of action of the RPE effects.

Extradural transcavernous approach to cavernous sinus cavernous hemangiomas.

Objective: Cavernous sinus cavernous hemangioma (CSCH) is a rare extra-axial vascular lesion and is difficult to be removed due to their location, propensity for profuse bleeding during surgery, and relationship to complex neurovascular structures. The purpose of this study is to report our experience of the removal of CSCHs through a completely extradural transcavernous approach.

Methods: Twelve patients with CSCH, who were operated through a purely extradural approach, were retrospectively studied.

Supracondylar transjugular tubercle approach to intradural lesions anterior or anterolateral to the craniocervical junction without resection of the occipital condyle.

Aim: To clarify the usefulness of supracondylar transjugular tubercle approach for treatment intradural lesions anterior and anterolateral to foramen magnum, in which the posterior portion of the jugular tubercle is removed extradurally through the condylar fossa with the atlanto-occipital joint intact.

Material And Methods: The supracondylar transjugular tubercle approach was applied to 28 craniocervical junction surgeries. These surgeries included clipping a vertebral artery aneurysm in 12 cases and removing intradural tumors ventral and ventrolateral to foramen magnum in 16 cases.