Assessing the applicability of the DOAC, HAS-BLED and ORBIT risk scores in Chinese patients on non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants.

Aims: The suitability of the DOAC score for assessing bleeding risk in Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who are receiving non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) remains unclear. We compared the DOAC score to the HAS-BLED and ORBIT scores in Chinese patients in a real-world retrospective study.

Methods: The efficacy of these scores was assessed by a comparison study that measured their discrimination, calibration, net reclassification index (NRI), and decision curve analysis (DCA) over a 1-year follow-up period.

Trajectories of adherence to intravenous biological treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a longitudinal analysis.

Background: Long-term biological therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include infliximab and vedolizumab, which are administered intravenously. Although highly effective, non-adherence to these biologics is common and is associated with adverse sequelae and loss of response.

Objective: In this study, we aim to characterize long-term intravenous biologic adherence trajectories among IBD patients and identify the factors linked with these trajectories.

Post-marketing safety of finerenone: a disproportionality analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Finerenone was approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the post-marketing safety of finerenone in the real world is unknown.

Methods: The quarterly reported data related to finerenone from the third quarter of 2021 to the second quarter of 2023 were collected by using the FAERS database.

Trends and prescribing patterns of antimigraine medicines in nine major cities in China from 2018 to 2022: a retrospective prescription analysis.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the trends and prescribing patterns of antimigraine medicines in China.

Methods: The prescription data of outpatients diagnosed with migraine between 2018 and 2022 were extracted from the Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperative Project of China. The demographic characteristics of migraine patients, prescription trends, and corresponding expenditures on antimigraine medicines were analyzed.

Blockage of DCLK1 in cardiomyocytes suppresses myocardial inflammation and alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a pathophysiological condition triggered by diabetes mellitus and can lead to heart failure. Doublecortin-like kinase protein 1 (DCLK1) is a multifunctional protein kinase involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration. Current studies on DCLK1 mainly focus on cancer development; however, its role in non-tumor diseases such as DCM is yet to be deciphered.

Thyroid function analysis after roxadustat or erythropoietin treatment in patients with renal anemia: a cohort study.

Purpose: This cohort study was designed to explore whether roxadustat or erythropoietin could affect thyroid function in patients with renal anemia.

Methods: The study involved 110 patients with renal anemia. Thyroid profile and baseline investigations were carried out for each patient.

Doublecortin-like kinase 1 activates NF-κB to induce inflammatory responses by binding directly to IKKβ.

Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1), a microtubule-associated protein kinase, is involved in neurogenesis, and its levels are elevated in various human cancers. Recent studies suggest that DCLK1 may relate to inflammatory responses in the mouse model of colitis. However, cellular pathways engaged by DCLK1, and potential substrates of the kinase remain undefined.

Long non-coding RNA LINC00992 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasiveness by downregulating MicroRNA miR-361-5p expression to increase levels of the transcription factor twist1.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers, and has an extremely poor prognosis. Our previous study confirmed that the microRNA miR-361-5p inhibited the proliferation, metastasis, invasiveness, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of HCC by targeting the transcription factor Twist1. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of processes such as cell differentiation, inflammation, tumor formation, and immune escape.

MD2 activation by direct AGE interaction drives inflammatory diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Hyperglycemia activates toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to induce inflammation in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the mechanisms of TLR4 activation remain unclear. Here we examine the role of myeloid differentiation 2 (MD2), a co-receptor of TLR4, in high glucose (HG)- and diabetes-induced inflammatory cardiomyopathy.

Qingjie Fuzheng Granule attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucosal damage.

Objective: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy often causes several drawbacks including weight loss, diarrhea, myelosuppression, and the intestinal mucositis. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Qingjie Fuzheng Granule (QFG) on 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis in CT-26 tumor-bearing xenograft mice and investigated the possible molecular mechanism.

Methods: Tumor xenograft models of CT-26 cells were generated in BALB/c nude mice, the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups including control, QFG, 5-FU and 5-FU combined QFG groups.

Luteolin protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation and activating the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a well-known risk factor for the development of heart failure. Inflammation and oxidative stress play a key role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), and this nexus represents an attractive target to combat this disease. Naturally occurring flavonoid luteolin exhibits both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in various systems.

Blockade of myeloid differentiation 2 attenuates diabetic nephropathy by reducing activation of the renin-angiotensin system in mouse kidneys.

Background And Purpose: Both innate immunity and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) is a co-receptor of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in innate immunity. While TLR4 is involved in the development of DN, the role of MD2 in DN has not been characterized.

Blockage of ROS and MAPKs-mediated inflammation via restoring SIRT1 by a new compound LF10 prevents type 1 diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common and severe complication of diabetes. A multitude of factors are involved in the pathogenesis of DCM including chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. We have recently shown that compound LF10 prevents inflammatory responses in an animal model of lung injury.

Osthole Protects against Acute Lung Injury by Suppressing NF-B-Dependent Inflammation.

Inflammation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of ALI. Therefore, suppression of inflammatory response could be a potential strategy to treat LPS-induced lung injury. Osthole, a natural coumarin extract, has been reported to protect against acute kidney injury through an anti-inflammatory mechanism, but its effect on ALI is poorly understood.

[Cytotoxicity of 3 resin cements to human gingival fibroblasts].

Purpose: To study the cytotoxicity of 3 resin cements to human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

Methods: Three resin cements (Panavia F, RelyX Unicem and Multilink Speed) test samples were immersed and incubated in the culture medium for 48 h at 37degrees centigrade. Cultured HGFs were exposed to two concentrations (50% and 100%) of material elutes for 24 h, 72 h and 120 h.

extract suppresses colorectal cancer growth through multiple cellular pathways.

The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is strongly associated with the imbalance of various intracellular signal transduction cascades, including protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), as well as crosstalk between these signaling networks. At present, anti-tumor agents are often single-targeted and therefore are not always therapeutically effective. Moreover, long-term use of these anti-tumor agents often generates drug resistance and potential side effects.

Chloroform extract of Willd inhibits viability of human colorectal cancer cells via suppression of AKT and ERK signaling pathways.

Willd (HDW) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine in clinical therapy to treat various types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC), but its effective polar fractions and functional mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the most effective extract of HDW and to investigate its effects on the regulation of CRC cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results demonstrated that the chloroform extract of HDW (CEHDW) exhibited the most anticancer ability.

D. Don inhibits migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells via suppression of PI3K/AKT and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways.

Metastasis is one of the most aberrant behaviors of cancer cells. Patients with cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), have a higher risk of tumor recurrence and cancer-related mortality once metastasis is diagnosed. Existing treatment strategies fail to cure cancer mostly due to the onset of metastasis.

Discovery of caffeic acid phenethyl ester derivatives as novel myeloid differentiation protein 2 inhibitors for treatment of acute lung injury.

Myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) is an essential molecule which recognizes lipopolysaccharide (LPS), leading to initiation of inflammation through the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) from propolis of honeybee hives could interfere interactions between LPS and the TLR4/MD2 complex, and thereby has promising anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we designed and synthesized 48 CAPE derivatives and evaluated their anti-inflammatory activities in mouse primary peritoneal macrophages (MPMs) activated by LPS.

Hedyotis diffusa Willd inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of 5‑FU resistant colorectal cancer cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) is a major component frequently used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its associated drug resistance. However, the underlying mechanism of HDW circumventing drug resistance of cancer cells remains to be elucidated. Cancer cell resistance to apoptosis and activation of the phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway have been implicated as major factors in the acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic anti‑cancer drugs.

Hedyotis diffusa Willd suppresses metastasis in 5‑fluorouracil‑resistant colorectal cancer cells by regulating the TGF‑β signaling pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, and threatens the survival and health of patients with CRC. Chemotherapy remains one of the main therapeutic approaches for patients with CRC; however, drug resistance limits the long‑term use. CRC cells with multi‑drug resistance (MDR) exhibit increased survival times and metastatic potential, which may lead to the recurrence and metastasis of CRC.

Scutellaria barbata D. Don inhibits 5-fluorouracil resistance in colorectal cancer by regulating PI3K/AKT pathway.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance or multidrug resistance (MDR) has become a major obstacle in clinical treatment of cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Aberrant activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway may lead to unlimited growth and chemoresistance in CRC cells, which thus could be a promising therapeutic target. As a long-term used traditional Chinese folk-medicine, Scutellaria barbata D.

MD2 Blockage Protects Obesity-Induced Vascular Remodeling via Activating AMPK/Nrf2.

Objective: Obesity and increased free fatty acid (FFA) levels are tightly linked with vascular oxidative stress and remodeling. Myeloid differentiation 2 (MD2), an important protein in innate immunity, is requisite for endotoxin lipopolysaccharide responsiveness. This study shows that palmitic acid (PA) also bonds to MD2, initiating cardiac inflammatory injury.

Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis of Thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine Derivatives with Anti-inflammatory Activity in Acute Lung Injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) has a high lethality rate, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) contribute most to tissue deterioration in cases of ALI. In this study, we designed and synthesized a new series of thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives based on a previously identified lead compound, and we evaluated their anti-inflammatory activities. Structure-activity relationship studies led to the discovery of two highly potent inhibitors.