Ferroelectric Optical Memristors Enabled by Non-Volatile Electro-Optic Effect.

Memristors enable non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing. Optical memristors are the fundamental element for programmable photonic integrated circuits due to their high-bandwidth computing, low crosstalk, and minimal power consumption. Here, an optical memristor enabled by a non-volatile electro-optic (EO) effect, where refractive index modulation under zero field is realized by deliberate control of domain alignment in the ferroelectric material Pb(MgNb)O-PbTiO(PMN-PT) is proposed.

[Association Between the Protein Expressions of MutS Homologs and Villin and the Clinicopathological Characteristics in 310 Colon Cancer Patients].

Objective: To examine the relationship between the expressions of mismatch repair proteins, MutS homolog 2 (MSH2) and MutS homolog 6 (MSH6), and villin and the pathological features in patients with colon cancer.

Methods: A total of 310 cases of colon cancer patients who were treated at our hospital between January 2017 and September 2021 were selected. The diagnosis of colon cancer of all patients was verified by pathological evaluation.

Deletion of Non-histidine Domains of Histidine Kinase Diminishes the Infectivity of in an Oral Mucosal Model.

Objectives: The histidine kinase (HK) and other protein kinases in are key players in the development of hyphae. This study is designed to determine the functional roles of the S_Tkc domain (protein kinase) and the GAF domain of in hyphal formation and mucosal invasion.

Methods: The domain mutants CHK25 ( Δ) and CHK26 ( Δ) were first constructed by the method and confirmed by sequencing and Southern blots.

Immune-associated molecular occurrence and prognosis predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma: an integrated analysis of GEO datasets.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. As immune response failure is the main factor in the occurrence and poor prognosis of HCC, our study aimed to develop an immune-associated molecular occurrence and prognosis predictor (IMOPP) of HCC. To that end, we discovered a 4-gene immune-associated gene signature: C-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (), kallikrein B1 (), vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 1 (), and cluster of differentiation 4 ().

Transfer RNA-derived fragment tRF-28-QSZ34KRQ590K in plasma exosomes may be a potential biomarker for atopic dermatitis in pediatric patients.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic relapsing inflammatory disease. There is substantial evidence suggesting that noncoding RNAs have indispensable roles in the pathogenesis of AD. Exosomal transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have been identified as potential biomarkers for various disorders.

[Expression and Clinical Significance of Long Non-Coding RNA PRAL in Patients with Multiple Myeloma].

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of long non-coding RNA PRAL in patients with multiple myeloma(MM).

Methods: Clinical data of 60 MM patients and 60 healthy people with the same age(as controls) were selected. Real time-quantitative fluorescence PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression levels of serum LncRNA PRAL in the patients and controls, and the relationship of its expression with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients was analyed.

MicroRNA-22 Suppresses Breast Cancer Cell Growth and Increases Paclitaxel Sensitivity by Targeting NRAS.

In recent study, microRNAs have various important functions in diverse biological processes and progression of cancer. In human breast cancer, microRNA-22 has been reported to be downregulated. However, molecular mechanism of microRNA-22 in breast cancer progression and chemosensitivity has not been well studied.

Insulin-like growth factor-I induces chemoresistence to docetaxel by inhibiting miR-143 in human prostate cancer.

Elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, the molecular mechanisms by which IGF-I promotes prostate cancer development remain to be elucidated. Docetaxel chemotherapy is an important therapeutic strategy in many types of human cancers including prostate cancer.

IGF-1-mediated PKM2/β-catenin/miR-152 regulatory circuit in breast cancer.

Dysregulation of miRNAs is important in breast cancer initiation and malignant progression. Recently we showed that miR-152 downregulation is associated with breast cancer development, yet the underlying mechanism of miR-152 remains to be well elucidated. In this study, we identified β-catenin as a new direct target of miR-152.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes autophagy and apoptosis and reverses chemoresistance in human ovarian cancer cells.

Ovarian cancer presents the highest mortality rate among gynecological tumors. Here, we measured cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related proteins, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins, and apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins in SKOV3 and SKOV3/CDDP cells treated with combinations of CDDP, tunicamycin, and BEZ235 (blank control, CDDP, CDDP + tunicamycin, CDDP + BEZ235, and CDDP + tunicamycin + BEZ235). Increasing concentrations of tunicamycin and CDDP activated ERS in SKOV3 cells, reduced cell viability and proliferation, increased apoptosis and autophagy, enhanced expression of ERS-related proteins, and inhibited expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins.

MiRNA-145 increases therapeutic sensibility to gemcitabine treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although recent advances provide various treatment options, pancreatic adenocarcinoma has poor prognosis due to its late diagnosis and ineffective therapeutic multimodality. Gemcitabine is the effective first-line drug in pancreatic adenocarcinoma treatment.

Estrogen regulates miRNA expression: implication of estrogen receptor and miR-124/AKT2 in tumor growth and angiogenesis.

It is currently known that estrogen plays an important role in breast cancer (BC) development, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence has revealed important roles of microRNAs in various kinds of human cancers, including BC. In this study, we found that among the microRNAs regulated by estrogen, miR-124 was the most prominent downregulated miRNA.

Expression of esophageal carcinoma related gene 4 (ECRG4) and its clinical significance in prognosis of esophageal carcinoma.

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the expression level of esophageal carcinoma related gene 4 (ECRG4) in esophageal cancer tissues and the occurrence of esophageal carcinoma. 50 cases of esophageal carcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were collected as study samples. mRNA and protein expression levels of ECRG4 in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

Comparison of the in vitro activities of newer triazoles and established antifungal agents against Trichophyton rubrum.

One hundred eleven clinical Trichophyton rubrum isolates were tested against 7 antifungal agents. The geometric mean MICs of all isolates were, in increasing order: terbinafine, 0.03 mg/liter; voriconazole, 0.

[Clinical study of autologous cytokine-induced killer cells combined with XELOX regimen in the treatment of senile advanced gastric cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell t combined with XELOX regimen in treatment of senile advanced gastric cancer.

Methods: Forty-six cases of senile advanced gastric cancer patients with a mean age of 70 years were prospectively divided into two groups according to individual acceptance of CIK cells: 25 patients receiving autologous CIK cell treatment combined with XELOX regimen (trial group) and 21 patients receiving simple chemotherapy (control group). Patients in CIK group were matched to those in control group by sex, ages, KPS ranking scores, histological type, pathological grade, and clinical stage.

An oncogenic kinase: putting PAK5 forward.

Introduction: Overexpression of p21-activated kinase 5 (PAK5) is discovered in many tumors, probably due to its regulation in cytoskeleton, antiapoptosis and proliferation. A better understanding of the modulation mechanisms of PAK5 is needed for the development of tumor treatment where current therapeutics is inadequate.

Areas Covered: This review discusses the current understanding of PAK5 functions as an oncogenic kinase in tumor cellular regulation.

p21-Activated kinase 5: a pleiotropic kinase.

The PAKs (p21-activated kinases) are highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinases which comprise six mammalian PAKs. PAK5 (p21-activated kinase 5) is the least understood member of PAKs that regulate many intracellular processes when they are stimulated by activated forms of the small GTPases Cdc42 and Rac. PAK5 takes an important part in multiple signal pathways in mammalian cells and controls a variety of cellular functions including cytoskeleton organization, cell motility and apoptosis.

Downregulation of PAK5 inhibits glioma cell migration and invasion potentially through the PAK5-Egr1-MMP2 signaling pathway.

PAK5 (p21 activated kinase 5) is upregulated in human colorectal carcinoma cells and is a known tumor promoter in carcinogenesis of the colon. Little is known regarding the mechanisms underlying the downstream targets of PAK5, and information concerning its biological significance in glioma is lacking. In this study, we investigated the effects of PAK5 on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in human U87 and U251 glioma cells and examined the underlying molecular mechanism.