Role of periodontal ligament fibroblasts in periodontitis: pathological mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) play a crucial role in the etiology of periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneration. In healthy periodontal tissues, PDLFs maintain the homeostasis of periodontal soft and hard tissues as well as the local immune microenvironment. PDLFs also have the potential for multidirectional transdifferentiation and are involved in periodontal tissue regeneration.

Unlocking the potential of exercise: harnessing myokines to delay musculoskeletal aging and improve cognitive health.

Objectives: This review aims to summarize the common physiological mechanisms associated with both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and musculoskeletal aging while also examining the relevant literature on how exercise regulation influences the levels of shared myokines in these conditions.

Methods: The literature search was conducted via databases such as PubMed (including MEDLINE), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews. The searches were limited to full-text articles published in English, with the most recent search conducted on 16 July 2024.

Thermally Robust Solvent-Free Liquid Polyplexes for Heat-Shock Protection and Long-Term Room Temperature Storage of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids.

Nucleic acid therapeutics have attracted recent attention as promising preventative solutions for a broad range of diseases. Nonviral delivery vectors, such as cationic polymers, improve the cellular uptake of nucleic acids without suffering the drawbacks of viral delivery vectors. However, these delivery systems are faced with a major challenge for worldwide deployment, as their poor thermal stability elicits the need for cold chain transportation.

A comparative analysis of the levels and drivers of regional coordinated development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and Yellow River Basin, China.

Positioned in the era of the transformation of China's primary social contradictions, this study delves into the new connotations of regional coordinated development(RCD) from the perspective of "factors" coordination within the region and constructs an RCD evaluation system from five subsystems of regional economic coordination(REC), urban-rural coordination(URC), economic and social coordination(EASC), resource and environmental coordination(RAEC), and material and spiritual civilization coordination(MASCC). Then, the Entropy weight-TOPSIS model is used to evaluate the RCD levels of the 19 provinces located in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB) and Yellow River Basin(YRB) from 2010 to 2019, and the two-way fixed-effects model is employed to illustrate the driving mechanisms of various influencing factors on the RCD in YRB and YREB. The results show that:(1)the RCD levels of YRB and YREB show a fluctuating upward trend during 2010 and 2019, however, both regions have low RCD levels, as seen by the mean RCD indices for YREB and YRB, which are only 0.

Experimental periodontitis induced hypoadiponectinemia by IRE1α-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in adipocytes.

Backgroud: Hypoadiponectinemia is the important cause of insulin resistance. Recent studies have shown that periodontitis is associated with hypoadiponectinemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of periodontitis-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in visceral adipocytes on hypoadiponectinemia.

Identification of runner fatigue stages based on inertial sensors and deep learning.

Running is one of the most popular sports in the world, but it also increases the risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to establish a modeling approach for IMU-based subdivided action pattern evaluation and to investigate the classification performance of different deep models for predicting running fatigue. Nineteen healthy male runners were recruited for this study, and the raw time series data were recorded during the pre-fatigue, mid-fatigue, and post-fatigue states during running to construct a running fatigue dataset based on multiple IMUs.

Chronic periodontitis induces the proliferation of pancreatic β-cells to cause hyperinsulinemia in a rat model.

Background And Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if chronic periodontitis (CP) may induce hyperinsulinemia and may have the effect of on pancreatic β-cell proliferation in a rat model.

Materials And Methods: Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: the CP group and the control group (Con group). The following contents were evaluated: pathological changes in periodontal soft and hard tissues; serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level, serum fasting insulin (FINS) level, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) β (HOMA-β) index; histopathological examination of islets; immunohistochemistry of insulin and p-Smad2 expression in islets; immunofluorescence of changes in the relative number of β-cells and the number of Ki67-positive β-cells.

Development of actein derivatives as potent anti-triple negative breast cancer agents.

Actein is a natural triterpenoid glycoside, isolated from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga foetida, which have been demonstrated to be potential in the treatment of breast cancer previously. Herein, we described the design and synthesis of a series of actein derivatives as anti-triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) inhibitors. Of which, the most promising derivative 27 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against human TNBC cell lines HCC1806 and MDA-MB-231, with IC values of 2.

Effect of continuous aerobic exercise on endothelial function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Current research suggests that continuous aerobic exercise can be effective in improving vascular endothelial function, while the effect between different intensities and durations of exercise is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of different durations and intensities of aerobic exercise on vascular endothelial function in different populations. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases.

Design, synthesis, and anti-triple negative breast cancer activity of novel Toosendanin derivatives.

Toosendanin (TSN) is a natural anti-cancer compound that is isolated from the traditional Chinese herbal Melia toosendan Sieb et Zucc. However, the research effect of TSN in the treatment of Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still far from ideal. In this work, we investigated TSN and its derivatives in terms of their actions against MDA-MB-231 and HCC1806 TNBC cell lines.

The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Function in People with Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

A growing body of research has examined the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in people with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), but the findings of the available studies were conflicting. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in AD patients. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases from the inception of indexing until 12 November 2021.

Growth hormone in fertility and infertility: Mechanisms of action and clinical applications.

Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, growth hormone (GH) is a peptide that plays a critical role in regulating cell growth, development, and metabolism in multiple targeted tissues. Studies have shown that GH and its functional receptor are also expressed in the female reproductive system, including the ovaries and uterus. The experimental data suggest putative roles for GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1, induced by GH activity) signaling in the direct control of multiple reproductive functions, including activation of primordial follicles, folliculogenesis, ovarian steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, and embryo implantation.

Antidiabetic drug metformin suppresses tumorigenesis through inhibition of mevalonate pathway enzyme HMGCS1.

Metformin, an antidiabetic drug, shows some potent antitumor effects. However, the molecular mechanism of metformin in tumor suppression has not been clarified. Here, we provided evidence using in vitro and in vivo data that metformin inhibited mevalonate pathway by downregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 (HMGCS1), a key enzyme in this pathway.

Electrochemical Detection of Alpha-Fetoprotein Based on Black Phosphorus Nanosheets Modification with Iron Ions.

Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) were synthesized with liquid exfoliation combined with the ultrasonic method and loaded with Fe by simply mixing. The morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of the synthesized Fe/BPNSs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV), etc. The load of Fe can improve the electrochemical performance of BPNSs and enhance the sensitivity of the detection.

Mechanism of -lipopolysaccharide in regulating the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes via X-box binding protein 1.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), a key signal molecule of ERS, on the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes stimulated by ()-lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogenic bacterium of periodontitis.

Methods: Primary cultured rat adipocytes were stimulated by -LPS (100 ng·mL) for 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The protein expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase (p-PDK-1), and protein kinase B (p-AKT-1) in the insulin signaling pathway were detected by Western blot analysis.

The Role and Mechanism of Oxidative Stress and Nuclear Receptors in the Development of NAFLD.

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of acute and chronic liver diseases. It is now acknowledged that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized as a redox-centered disease due to the role of ROS in hepatic metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms accounting for these alternations are not completely understood.

The serine proteases dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 and urokinase are key molecules in human and mouse scar formation.

Despite recent advances in understanding skin scarring, mechanisms triggering hypertrophic scar formation are still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigate mature human hypertrophic scars and developing scars in mice at single cell resolution. Compared to normal skin, we find significant differences in gene expression in most cell types present in scar tissue.

A retrospective study of endodontic microsurgery about 302 patients.

Objectives: To investigate the outcome of endodontic microsurgery and analyze the potential prognostic factors, and to evaluate the value of surgical classification by Kim and Kratchman.

Methods: Collecting clinical examination and radiographical examination of endodontic microsurgery cases (which were followed up at least 1 year), which were classified according to Kim and Kratchman, and we analyzed the outcome of endodontic microsurgery and its potential prognostic factors.

Results: 302 patients (400 teeth) who received endodontic microsurgery were included.

Twin reversed arterial perfusion syndrome in a monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancy.

Objective: Twin-Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare complication of monochorionic multiple gestation. Conservative management should be considered if there is no poor prognostic factor.

Case Report: This is a 35 year-old female with twin pregnancy with acardiac monster.

N -Methyladenosine Reader Protein YT521-B Homology Domain-Containing 2 Suppresses Liver Steatosis by Regulation of mRNA Stability of Lipogenic Genes.

Background And Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by accumulation of excessive triglycerides (TGs) in hepatocytes. Obesity is a major risk factor for developing fatty liver, although the intracellular molecular basis remains largely unclear. N -methyladenosine (m A) RNA methylation is the most common internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA.

Screening and identification of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-related circRNA and miRNA in prostate cancer.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a vital role in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying prostate cancer metastasis are not fully demonstrated. In this study, EMT was induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in PC-3M IE8 cells.

Intestinal probiotics Nissle 1917 as a targeted vehicle for delivery of p53 and Tum-5 to solid tumors for cancer therapy.

Traditional cancer therapies, such as surgery treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, often fail to completely eliminate tumor cells in an anaerobic microenvironment of tumor regions. In contrast to these traditional cancer therapies, the use of targeted delivery vectors to deliver anticancer genes or antitumor drugs to hypoxic areas in tumors is the most clinically promising cancer treatment with rapid development in recent years. In this study, Nissle 1917 (EcN), an intestinal probiotic, was utilized as a targeted transport vector to deliver p53 and Tum-5 protein to tumor hypoxic regions.

Nissle 1917-Derived Minicells for Targeted Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Drug to Hypoxic Regions for Cancer Therapy.

Systemic administration of free chemotherapeutic drugs leads to severe toxic effects, and physiological characteristics of solid tumors restrain the drugs from reaching the hypoxic regions. Nissle 1917 (EcN) has been known to penetrate the barrier and proliferate in the interface between the viable and necrotic regions of tumors. This study aimed to fabricate a nanoscale minicell via genetic engineering of EcN for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the hypoxic regions of tumors for cancer therapy.

Nissle 1917 engineered to express Tum-5 can restrain murine melanoma growth.

Tumor growth and metastasis depend on angiogenesis. Thus, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis has become promising cancer therapeutic strategy in recent years. Tumstatin is a more powerful angiogenesis inhibitor than endostatin.