scDOT: enhancing single-cell RNA-Seq data annotation and uncovering novel cell types through multi-reference integration.

The proliferation of single-cell RNA-seq data has greatly enhanced our ability to comprehend the intricate nature of diverse tissues. However, accurately annotating cell types in such data, especially when handling multiple reference datasets and identifying novel cell types, remains a significant challenge. To address these issues, we introduce Single Cell annotation based on Distance metric learning and Optimal Transport (scDOT), an innovative cell-type annotation method adept at integrating multiple reference datasets and uncovering previously unseen cell types.

Cell-type annotation with accurate unseen cell-type identification using multiple references.

The recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) techniques have stimulated efforts to identify and characterize the cellular composition of complex tissues. With the advent of various sequencing techniques, automated cell-type annotation using a well-annotated scRNA-seq reference becomes popular. But it relies on the diversity of cell types in the reference, which may not capture all the cell types present in the query data of interest.

Quercetin reverses TNF‑α induced osteogenic damage to human periodontal ligament stem cells by suppressing the NF‑κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Quercetin (Quer) is a typical antioxidant flavonoid from plants that is involved in bone metabolism, as well as in the progression of inflammatory diseases. Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α), a typical pro‑inflammatory cytokine, can affect osteogenesis. In the present study, TNF‑α was used to establish an model of periodontitis.

Curcumin promotes osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and its underlying potential mechanism.

Materials And Methods: The tissue explant adherence method was used to isolate hPDLSCs. Flow cytometry, Alizarin Red staining and Oil Red O staining were applied to confirm the stemness of the stem cells.

Effects of rutin on the oxidative stress, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells in LPS-induced inflammatory environment and the underlying mechanism.

Periodontitis can cause damage to dental support tissue and affect the function of periodontal ligament cells. Rutin, a common flavonoid, plays a key role in anti-inflammatory responses, tissue repair and bone development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of rutin on the oxidative stress, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in an inflammatory environment and the underlying mechanism.

Rutin promotes osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through the GPR30-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Unlabelled: Rutin is one of the flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables. Recent reports have revealed that rutin is a major player in proliferation and bone development. However, data on how rutin regulates the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), as well as the differentiation of osteogenic cells are scanty.

Metformin promotes osteogenic differentiation and protects against oxidative stress-induced damage in periodontal ligament stem cells via activation of the Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC)-based tissue engineering is an important method for regenerating lost bone in periodontitis. Maintaining or enhancing the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, as well as enhancing the resistance of PDLSCs to oxidative stress, is necessary in this process. As a common hypoglycemic drug, metformin has been reported to have multiple effects on cell functions.

Rutin promotes the formation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cell sheets in vitro.

Cell sheet technology is a novel tissue engineering technology that has been rapidly developed in recent years. As a novel technology, cell sheet technology is expected to become one of the preferred methods for cell transplantation. The present study investigated the biological effects of rutin on the formation of periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) sheets and their resultant osteogenic properties.

Rutin protects human periodontal ligament stem cells from TNF-α induced damage to osteogenic differentiation through suppressing mTOR signaling pathway in inflammatory environment.

Objectives: To investigate whether rutin could protect human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) from TNF-α induced damage to osteogenic differentiation in inflammatory environment and detect the underlying mechanism.

Materials And Methods: hPDLSCs were identified by flow cytometery. TNF-α was used to stimulate hPDLSCs to establish an inflammation model in vitro.

YAP balances the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs in vitro partly through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) are potential seed cells for bone tissue engineering, but the molecular regulatory mechanisms of their multi-differentiation remain unclear. Here, we found that Yes-associated protein (YAP), a transcriptional coactivator in Hippo signaling pathway, regulated the multi-differentiation ability of hPDLSCs: overexpressing YAP contributed to an enhancement of osteogenic differentiation and a decrease in adipogenic differentiation, while knocking down YAP inhibited the osteogenic differentiation and promoted the adipogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. In addition, YAP promoted the stabilization and nuclear transfer of β-catenin in hPDLSCs, probably through regulating several upstream proteins of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, including LRP6 and DVL3.