Comparative effectiveness and safety of imported and domestic immune checkpoint inhibitors in China: A systematic review and pairwise and network meta-analyses.

Background: Multiple brands of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including domestic and imported agents, have been approved as front-line therapy in China. However, little is known about the difference in efficacy and safety of these agents of different origins. This study aims to systematically compare the difference between National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) approved domestic and imported ICIs regarding their efficacy, safety, and price.

Structure, Synthetic Pathway, and Properties of Metastable Phosphorus Carbide, PC.

Due to electronegativity (EN) differences, changing from CN to PC is not as trivial as simply replacing nitrogen by phosphorus in the CN structure. Hence, the nonexistent PC phase is nominally the higher-homologue analogue of the well-known CN, but its structure and properties are practically unknown for fundamental reasons. Here we predict, by means of an extensive structure search, three energetically favorable yet metastable PC phases adopting space groups 1̅, , and , followed by designing their synthetic routes.

pH-Controlled Synthesis of Mercury Cyanamides/Carbodiimides and Piezocatalytic Studies of the Noncentrosymmetric Ones.

An entire series of mercury cyanamides/carbodiimides, including two new materials─Hg(NCN)Cl (, = 4, = 9.109(1) Å, = 15.386(1) Å, = 8.

Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography-Based Machine Learning Radiomics Predicts IDH1 Expression and Clinical Prognosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Rationale And Objectives: Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is a potential therapeutic target across various tumor types. Here, we aimed to devise a radiomic model capable of predicting the IDH1 expression levels in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and examined its prognostic significance.

Materials And Methods: We utilized genomic data, clinicopathological features, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Cancer Imaging Archive for prognosis analysis and radiomic model construction.

Phillyrin and its metabolites exert antipyretic effects by targeting the NAD binding domain of GAPDH, MDH2 and IDH2.

Background: Fever is one of the main pathophysiological reactions that occurs during the acute phase of various diseases. Excessive body temperature can lead to various adverse consequences such as brain tissue damage and abnormal immune responses. Phillyrin (Phr) is the main active ingredient in Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.

Phillyrin and its metabolites treat pulmonary embolism by targeting PLCβ3 to inhibit platelet activation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lian Qiao (LQ), the dried fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, is a well-documented traditional Chinese medicine known for its detoxifying and heat-clearing properties. Clinically, compounds containing LQ are widely used to treat thrombotic diseases, indicating that it may have antithrombotic effects.

Investigating long-term changes in surface water temperature of Dongting Lake using Landsat imagery, China.

Lake surface water temperature (LSWT) plays a crucial role in assessing the health of aquatic ecosystems. Variations in LSWT can significantly impact the physical, chemical, and biological processes within lakes. This study investigates the long-term changes in surface water temperature of the Dongting Lake, China.

Uptake of gadolinium and dexamethasone in rat inner ear and facial nerve using different administrations.

Background: The pathway by which drugs are injected subcutaneously behind the ear to act on the inner ear has not been fully elucidated.

Objectives: To compare the uptake of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) and dexamethasone (Dex) in the cochlea and facial nerve of rats following different administrations.

Materials And Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging was applied to observe the distribution of Gd-DTPA in the facial nerve and inner ear.

Identification of synthetic consortia from a set of plant-beneficial bacteria.

The use of microbial inoculants in agriculture as biofertilisers and/or biopesticides is an appealing alternative to replace or reduce the practice of agrochemicals. Plant microbiota studies are revealing the different bacterial groups which are populating plant microbiomes re-energising the plant probiotic bacteria (PPB) translational research sector. Some single-microbial strain bioinoculants have proven valid in agriculture (e.

Pyrazine as a More Efficient Luminophore than Benzene for Producing Red-Shifted and Enhanced Photoluminescence.

The development of organic photoluminescent (PL) materials with red-shifted and enhanced emissions is beneficial to promoting their applications. Luminescent materials based on aromatic heterocycles (e.g.

Analysis of air bearing torsion pendulum moment of inertia measurements including nonlinear oscillation and damping.

For precise measurement of the moment of inertia (MOI) of asymmetric objects, using an air bearing torsional pendulum, the nonlinearity of the torsion bar and the damping effect caused by the interaction between air and sample need to be included in the analysis. The instantaneous undamped natural frequency and instantaneous damping coefficient of the motion are obtained from the Hilbert transform of the angular displacement signal and are used for data fitting to calculate the MOI. Measurements for algorithm verification were made using a special sample with large windvanes to increase the damping effect.

Shifts bidirectional dependency between vegetation greening and soil moisture over the past four decades in China.

Soil moisture (SM) has changed significantly over the past 40 years in China, while NDVI has varied dramatically, leading to increasing regional conflict between vegetation growth and water resource use. Quantifying the bidirectional dependency between SM and NDVI is essential for understanding the balance between land vegetation and water resources. However, few studies have reported their mutual feedback and spatiotemporal bidirectional dependency.

Computational Design and Theoretical Properties of WCN, an H-Free Melaminate and Potential Multifunctional Material.

By means of first-principles theory, existence, synthetic conditions, and structural as well as physicochemical properties have been predicted for the first hydrogen-free melaminate salt of the composition WCN. We find at least two energetically favorable polymorphs adopting space groups 1 and 3, both of which are layer-like porous materials. In addition to sizable Madelung fields stabilizing saltlike WCN, the complex CN anions are connected via perfectly optimized W-N bonds, forming WN in the 1 and WN coordination polyhedra in the 3 polymorphs.

Fast Image Encryption Algorithm for Logistics-Sine-Cosine Mapping.

Because images are vulnerable to external attacks in the process of network transmission and traditional image encryption algorithms have limitations such as long encryption time, insufficient entropy or poor diffusion of cipher image information when encrypting color images, a fast image encryption algorithm based on logistics-sine-cosine mapping is proposed. The algorithm first generates five sets of encrypted sequences from the logistics-sine-cosine mapping, then uses the order of the encryption sequence to scramble the image pixels and designs a new pixel diffusion network to further improve the key sensitivity and plain-image sensitivity of the encryption algorithm. Finally, in a series of security analysis experiments, the experimental image Lena was tested 100 times, and the average encryption time was 0.

Quantitative proteomic analysis provides insight into the survival mechanism of typhimurium under high-intensity ultrasound treatment.

The survival mechanism of treated with high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) should be explored to further enhance the bactericidal efficacy of HIU. In this study, culturable was reduced by applying HIU. Electron microscope imaging revealed that HIU caused the disintegration of cell structure and leakage of intracellular substances.

Aminotransferase SsAro8 Regulates Tryptophan Metabolism Essential for Filamentous Growth of Sugarcane Smut Fungus .

Sugarcane smut caused by the basidiomycetous fungus Sporisorium scitamineum leads to severe economic losses globally. Sexual mating/filamentation of S. scitamineum is critical for its pathogenicity, as only the dikaryotic hyphae formed after sexual mating are capable of invading the host cane.

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PM2.5 and its driving difference comparison associated with urbanization in China's multiple urban agglomerations.

The development of urban agglomeration further deteriorates the air pollution status arising from urbanization. However, disparities in the urbanization process across different urban agglomerations may shape unique regional air pollution characters, and further complicate its driving mechanism. In this study, 11 urban agglomerations with different urbanization levels in China thus were chosen as the case study areas, to explore the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PM2.

Association Between the Number of Intratympanic Steroid Injections and Hearing Recovery in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

The frequency of intratympanic (IT) steroid injection varies from once daily to once weekly or less among studies and does not reach a uniform standard. This study investigated the potential association between the number of IT steroid injections and hearing recovery to determine the optimal number in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients. A retrospective study involving 233 SSNHL patients receiving IT steroids plus batroxobin within 7 days of onset was performed.

Spatial heterogeneity modeling of water quality based on random forest regression and model interpretation.

A systematic understanding of the spatial distribution of water quality is critical for successful watershed management; however, the limited number of physical monitoring stations has restricted the evaluation of spatial water quality distribution and the identification of features impacting the water quality. To fill this gap, we developed a modeling process that employed the random forest regression (RFR) to model the water quality distribution for the Taihu Lake basin in Zhejiang Province, China, and adopted the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to interpret the underlying driving forces. We first used RFR to model three water quality parameters: permanganate index (COD), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN), based on 16 watershed features.

The clinical characteristics and anatomical variations in patients with intractable unilateral Meniere's disease with and without migraine.

Background: Migraine is more common in Meniere's disease patients, who have some certain anatomical variations. But there are limited studies focusing on the anatomical variations in patients with Meniere's disease and migraine.

Objective: To explore the clinical and anatomical features in Meniere's disease patients with and without migraine, determining whether the coexistence of migraine can be used as a basis for clinical subtyping of Meniere's disease.

Long-Term Prognosis of Tinnitus Associated with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Objective: To analyze the factors affecting the long-term prognosis of tinnitus accompanied by unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Methods: A total of 161 patients with sudden hearing loss (HL) accompanied by tinnitus were enrolled. All patients had two separate telephone follow-ups and were asked about changes in tinnitus.

Giant and Reversible Barocaloric Effect in Trinuclear Spin-Crossover Complex Fe (bntrz) (tcnset).

A giant barocaloric effect (BCE) in a molecular material Fe (bntrz) (tcnset) (FBT) is reported, where bntrz = 4-(benzyl)-1,2,4-triazole and tcnset = 1,1,3,3-tetracyano-2-thioethylepropenide. The crystal structure of FBT contains a trinuclear transition metal complex that undergoes an abrupt spin-state switching between the state in which all three Fe centers are in the high-spin (S = 2) electronic configuration and the state in which all of them are in the low-spin (S = 0) configuration. Despite the strongly cooperative nature of the spin transition, it proceeds with a negligible hysteresis and a large volumetric change, suggesting that FBT should be a good candidate for producing a large BCE.

Association Between Hearing Characteristics/Prognosis and Vestibular Function in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss With Vertigo.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients with vertigo have a poorer prognosis. However, the factors associated with hearing recovery remain uncertain. This retrospective study was to evaluate the association between hearing characteristics/hearing recovery and the patterns of vestibulocochlear lesions in SSNHL patients with vertigo.

Microwave Synthesis and Magnetocaloric Effect in AlFeB.

A promising magnetic refrigerant, AlFeB, has been prepared for the first time by microwave (MW) melting of a mixture of constituent elements. For comparison, samples of AlFeB have been also prepared by arc-melting, traditionally used for the synthesis of this material, and by induction (RF) melting, which was used in the very first report on the synthesis of AlFeB. Although an excess of Al has to be used to suppress the formation of ferromagnetic FeB, the other byproduct, AlFe, is easily removed by acid treatment, affording phase-pure samples of AlFeB.