A novel preoperative prosthetic position planning algorithm for total hip arthroplasty based on the no-impingement principle: A case study.

Most preoperative planning calculations of impingement-free range of motion (IFROM) and impingement-free safe zone (IFSZ) rarely consider non-standard shaped prostheses and bony impingement (BI) for total hip arthroplasty (THA). This research developed a novel algorithm that considers BI, prosthetic impingement, pelvic tilt angle () in the sagittal plane, and non-standard-shaped hip prostheses. This research aimed to investigate the effect of BI and on hip IFROM, IFSZ, and the BI rate.

Transcranial electrical stimulation as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease: Current uses and challenges.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder for which there are currently rarely effective drug treatments available to halt or slow down its progression. With the aging of the world population, AD as the primary cause of dementia, is rapidly becoming one of the most expensive, lethal, and burdening diseases of this century. In recent years, the new method used to treat nervous system diseases including AD is transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) with non-invasive and for regulating the flexibility of neural circuits operation and behaviors.

Ultra-sensitive and accurate multi-ion detection in biofluids via organic electrochemical transistors.

As an emerging ionic sensor with low-voltage operation (<1 V), biocompatibility, and stable operation in aqueous environments, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have attracted significant research interest for various biofluid-related ion detection, where minor ion concentration variations can effectively reflect health or pathology states. However, OECT-based ion sensors are currently limited by restricted device transconductance g and stabilites, which severely hinder their applications in actual ion sensing scenarios. Here, ultra-sensitive multi-ion sensors based on high-performance n-type vertical OECTs (accumulation mode, g = 58 mS) for Na, K, and Ca detection in a practical biofluid (effluent from continuous renal replacement therapy), are demonstrated with high accuracy and stability, which are comparable to conventional Roche method.

Perioperative immunotherapy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for patients with resectable pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma.

Background: Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) is a rare subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of perioperative PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in stage II-IIIB PLELC patients.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included stage II-IIIB PLELC patients.

Short-term outcomes of AVN CAGE implantation for early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Purpose: Considering the low survival rate for the numerous hip-preserving procedures developed for treating early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), this study aimed to evaluate short-term clinical outcomes following avascular necrosis (AVN) CAGE implantation.

Methods: 58 hips with early-stage ONFH (44 with Association Research Circulation Osseous [ARCO] stage 2 and 14 with stage 3A) treated with the AVN CAGE between August 2018 and December 2021 were included. The survival rates were analysed using radiographic progression and conversion to subsequent total hip arthroplasty (THA) as endpoints.

The roles of cancer stem cells and therapeutic implications in melanoma.

Melanoma is a highly malignant skin tumor characterized by high metastasis and poor prognosis. Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of melanoma stem cells (MSCs)-a subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs)-in driving tumor growth, metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and recurrence. Similar to CSCs in other cancers, MSCs possess unique characteristics, including specific surface markers, dysregulated signaling pathways, and the ability to thrive within complex tumor microenvironment (TME).

Soft tissue elasticity in total knee arthroplasty: An in vivo quantitative analysis.

Background: Soft tissue balance is essential for total knee arthroplasty success. The elastic properties of soft tissues affect knee-joint stability and flexibility. This study proposed a novel methodology for in vivo quantitative analysis of soft tissue elasticity during total knee arthroplasty.

Impact of thoracic radiotherapy on first-line treatment outcomes in ES-SCLC patients.

Background: The therapeutic advantage of thoracic radiotherapy (tRT) as an adjunct to first-line immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) remains unclear. We sought to elucidate this in a retrospective cohort study comparing the effectiveness and safety of tRT in combination with first-line immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

Methods: Our retrospective study included patients with ES-SCLC, treated at the West China Hospital between January 2019 and December 2022.

Ternary Logic Circuit and Neural Network Integration via Small Molecule-Based Antiambipolar Vertical Electrochemical Transistor.

Circuits based on organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have great potential in the fields of biosensors and artificial neural computation due to their biocompatibility and neural similarity. However, the integration of OECT-based circuits lags far behind other emerging electronics. Here, ternary inverters based on antiambipolar vertical OECTs (vOECTs) and their integration with the establishment of neural networks are demonstrated.

Placebo immune-related adverse events (irAEs): A neglected phenomenon in cancer immunotherapy trials.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the underexplored prevalence of placebo-reported immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) trials.

Methods: We searched public databases for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving ICI versus placebo treatments in patients with malignancies. Study characteristics and irAEs occurrences were extracted for meta-analyses using a random-effects model.

 (Boraginaceae), a new species from Xinjiang, China.

D.H.Liu & W.

Robotic-assisted differential total knee arthroplasty with patient-specific implants: surgical techniques and preliminary results.

Objective: In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), achieving soft-tissue balance while retaining acceptable lower limb alignment is sometimes difficult and may lead to patient dissatisfaction. Theoretically, patient-specific implants can bring great benefits, while the lack of precise surgical tools may hinder the improvement of outcomes. The objective of this study was to illustrate surgical techniques and evaluate kinematics and early clinical outcomes of robotic-assisted TKA using patient-specific implants.

The application of deep learning in abdominal trauma diagnosis by CT imaging.

Background: Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan is a crucial imaging modality for creating cross-sectional images of the abdominal area, particularly in cases of abdominal trauma, which is commonly encountered in traumatic injuries. However, interpreting CT images is a challenge, especially in emergency. Therefore, we developed a novel deep learning algorithm-based detection method for the initial screening of abdominal internal organ injuries.

Protocol to identify DNA-binding proteins recognizing nucleotide repeat dsDNAs.

DNA-binding proteins perform diverse functions, including regulating cellular growth and orchestrating chromatin architecture. Here, we present a protocol to discover proteins specifically interacting with a hexanucleotide repeat DNA, the expansion of which is known as the most frequent genetic cause of familial C9orf72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. We describe steps to fish out DNA-binding proteins recognizing double-stranded repeat DNAs using a SILAC (stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture)-based approach and validate the results using electrophoretic mobility shift assay.

Development of dynamic nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival in hepatoid adenocarcinoma: A comprehensive SEER-based population analysis.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a poorly differentiated extrahepatic tumor that can produce alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The literature does not provide a comprehensive understanding of the prognostic factors for HAC. Therefore, we present a novel nomogram to predict the cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with HAC.

Computational screening of biomarkers and potential drugs for arthrofibrosis based on combination of sequencing and large nature language model.

Background: Arthrofibrosis (AF) is a fibrotic joint disease resulting from excessive collagen production and fibrous scar formation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This devastating complication may cause consistent pain and dramatically reduction of functionality. Unfortunately, the conservative treatments to prevent the AF in the early stage are largely unknown due to the lack of specific biomarkers and reliable therapeutic targets.

Variety of femoral anteversion and its measurement in cementless total hip arthroplasty: Does robotic technology improve accuracy?

Background: High-performance total hip arthroplasty (THA) depends on the accurate position of components. However, femoral anteversion is variable, and current studies only used traditional instruments to evaluate it, such as protractor and spirit level with limited cases. This study aimed to identify the variability in the measured femoral native anteversion and intraoperative stem anteversion under different measurement methods, including intraoperative robotic method.

A patient-specific algorithm for predicting the standing sagittal pelvic tilt one year after total hip arthroplasty.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of a patient-specific algorithm which we developed for predicting changes in sagittal pelvic tilt after total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: This retrospective study included 143 patients who underwent 171 THAs between April 2019 and October 2020 and had full-body lateral radiographs preoperatively and at one year postoperatively. We measured the pelvic incidence (PI), the sagittal vertical axis (SVA), pelvic tilt, sacral slope (SS), lumbar lordosis (LL), and thoracic kyphosis to classify patients into types A, B1, B2, B3, and C.

Impact of prophylactic dexamethasone on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors plus platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small-Cell lung cancer.

Background: Baseline corticosteroids exposure is associated with inferior clinical outcomes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) axis blockade. Dexamethasone is a potent corticosteroid used in the prevention of chemotherapy-associated adverse events (CAAEs).

Objective: Since dexamethasone has immunosuppressive properties, this study attempted to elucidate its effects on the efficacy of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in patients with non-squamous NSCLC.