Publications by authors named "Yixin Xu"

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors within the digestive system, and ferroptosis playing a crucial role in its progression. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a key negative regulator of ferroptosis, is highly expressed in gastric cancer and contributes to tumor growth. Targeting the regulation of GPX4 has emerged as a promising approach to induce ferroptosis and develop effective therapy for gastric cancer.

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Self-repair of articular cartilage defects is a significant challenge that can be addressed using drug-infused hydrogels, which improve injection convenience and provide immediate in situ adhesion. In this study, we developed a hydrogel incorporating Lipo@Kartogenin (KGN) and the cationic functional peptide SKPPGTSS (SKP) linked to aldehyde-based methacrylated hyaluronic acid (AHAMA). The innovative injectable hydrogel responded to visible light, allowing cross-linking under white light (∼30 s) and effective adhesion to cartilage tissue.

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Background: The relationship between statin therapy and tendon injuries, particularly Achilles tendinopathy, which is the body's largest and strongest tendon, remains controversial.

Aim: This study employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal link between statin therapy and Achilles tendinopathy (ATP).

Method: Summary statistics were obtained from genome-wide association studies on statin medication and four specific statin drugs from public databases, as well as data related to two ATP phenotypes, namely Achilles tendinitis and Achilles tendon injury.

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Aims: Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma (GBM) therapy; however, resistance to TMZ remains a major obstacle in GBM treatment. The aim of this study is to elucidate the mechanisms underlying TMZ resistance and explore how to enhance the sensitivity of GBM to TMZ.

Methods: GBM organoids were generated from patient samples, and organoid-based TMZ sensitivity testing was performed.

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Background: The interplay between dietary habits and the development of Diverticular Disease (DD) has long been a subject of vibrant debate.

Objective: Utilizing Mendelian Randomization (MR), this study aims to meticulously examine the causal dynamics at play.

Methods: The foundation for the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) on DD was established using a dataset from the FinnGen consortium, encompassing 33,619 patients and 329,381 control participants.

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MAPK pathway inhibitors (MAPKi) are increasingly used in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, but often produce short-lived responses in patients. Although acquired resistance by mutations in tumors have been found to reduce response in some patients, additional mechanisms underlying the limited response durability of MAPK targeting therapy remain unknown. Here, we denote new contributory tumor biology and provide insight on the impact of tumor plasticity on therapy response.

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Purpose: This study aims to construct a contemporaneous symptom network of inpatients with Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (ECOPD) based on the symptom cluster, identify core and bridge symptoms, and patient subgroups with different symptom clusters based on individual differences in the intensity of patient symptom experiences.

Patients And Methods: This study used convenience sampling to collect demographic, symptom, auxiliary examination, and prognosis information of 208 inpatients with ECOPD from April 2022 to October 2023. The data underwent exploratory factor analysis (EFA), symptom network analysis, latent class analysis (LCA), Spearman correlation analysis, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, single-factor regression and multiple-factor stepwise regression.

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Lead-free halide double perovskites provide a promising solution for the long-standing issues of lead-containing halide perovskites, i.e., the toxicity of Pb and the low stability under ambient conditions and high-intensity illumination.

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Miscarriage represents a prevalent yet insufficiently studied adverse pregnancy outcome. The definitive causal links between various pathogens and miscarriage remain to be established. To investigate the causal connections between pathogen infections and miscarriage, we utilized a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

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Due to the accumulation of lactate and other acidic metabolites from insufficient blood supply and hypoxia, the acidic microenvironment of tumors not only accelerates tumor growth and spread but may also affect immune cell function, thereby aiding tumor development. Therefore, real-time monitoring of pH fluctuations in intracellular and living systems provides crucial insights into physiological and pathological processes. This research introduced a novel NIR fluorescent probe, termed SOH, for pH imaging in living cells and tumor-bearing mice.

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Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and Sjögren syndrome (SS). However, the conclusions remain inconclusive, with conflicting findings. The genome-wide association study summary statistics for mtDNA copy number were obtained from 2 sources: a cohort of 465,809 White individuals from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium and the UK Biobank, and a dataset of 395,718 UK Biobank participants.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study explored how morning serum cortisol levels impact glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) by measuring cortisol and using continuous glucose monitoring to assess time in range (TIR) and glycemic variability (GV).
  • - Results showed that higher cortisol levels were linked to lower TIR, particularly in the daytime, and negatively affected pancreatic function indicators.
  • - The findings suggest that elevated morning cortisol may disrupt glucose balance in T2DM patients, highlighting the importance of cortisol in managing diabetes.
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The γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) is an essential multiprotein assembly, in which γ-tubulin, GCP2-6, actin, MZT1 and MZT2 form an asymmetric cone-shaped structure that provides a template for microtubule nucleation. The γ-TuRC is recruited to microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs), such as centrosomes and pre-existing mitotic spindle microtubules, via the evolutionarily-conserved attachment factor NEDD1. NEDD1 contains an N-terminal WD40 domain that binds to microtubules, and a C-terminal domain that associates with the γ-TuRC.

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  • Pancreatic cancer can lead to severe abdominal pain, and while peripheral mechanisms have been explored, the involvement of the central nervous system, specifically the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), remains less understood.
  • Researchers found that in mice experiencing pancreatic cancer-induced pain, neurons in the NTS showed increased activity and excitability, alongside signs of neuroinflammation and microglia activation.
  • Intervention using a microglia inhibitor or blocking the CXCL1-CXCR2 signaling pathway significantly reduced pain symptoms, suggesting that the activation of microglia in the NTS plays a crucial role in mediating this pain response.*
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  • Hypertension can lead to serious health issues in animals, and while current drugs can have side effects, certain natural peptides show promise in safely lowering blood pressure.
  • Four types of peptides from corn, wheat, egg white, and soybean were tested on spontaneously hypertensive rats, revealing that wheat and soybean peptides significantly reduced systolic blood pressure and angiotensin II levels.
  • Additionally, wheat peptides provided antioxidant benefits, but corn peptides increased pro-inflammatory factors, highlighting the varying effects of these natural options on health outcomes.
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The cause of keloids remains unclear, but studies suggest a link between skin microbiota and keloid formation. However, the causal relationship has not been confirmed. This study utilized Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data from 2 population-based German cohorts, comprising a total of 1656 skin samples.

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Herein, we report a convergent synthesis of 1-azahelicenes using easily available quinoline derivatives and cyclic diaryliodonium salts as starting materials. This reaction undergoes a palladium-catalyzed dual C-H activation/cyclization process to give facile access to a wide range of 1-aza[5]helicenes and 1-aza[6]helicenes with abundant functional groups (including F, Cl, Br, I, CF, SeR, SR, and heteroaryl) in moderate to excellent yields, thereby providing new opportunities to fine-tune the properties of the helicene backbone. In addition, the obtained products could be further transformed into helicene-based Lewis base catalysts and redox switch materials easily.

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  • The delay in healing critical bone defects is mainly caused by low oxygen levels and decreased bone-forming activity.
  • This research developed an injectable hydrogel that releases oxygen and supports bone growth by integrating specific materials like calcium peroxide and nanoparticles.
  • The hydrogel was tested on rats, showing improved bone regeneration and blood vessel formation after 8 weeks, highlighting its potential as a less invasive treatment for serious bone issues.
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  • - The rise of industrial mining has led to significant soil pollution from cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), negatively impacting both plants and animals in affected areas.
  • - A study utilized hydrothermal carbon with Bacillus pasteurii to enhance calcite precipitation, significantly reducing leached Cd and Pb levels by over 89% and 87%, respectively, and improving soil fertility over a 30-day remediation period.
  • - Simulation analyses showed that extracellular polymeric substances and sodium citrate had a strong negative charge, facilitating the aggregation of Cd, Pb, and calcium to form stable calcium carbonate coprecipitates, which helps prevent secondary leaching of these heavy metals.
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  • Researchers are trying to find better ways to predict how serious colorectal cancer is by looking at specific genes in patients!
  • They created a new model that divides patients into high-risk and low-risk groups, which helps understand their cancer better and how they might respond to treatment!
  • The study found that high-risk patients have worse signs of cancer and may not respond well to immunotherapy, while certain genes and cells called CAFs could help in figuring out these risks!
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  • Reconstruction of bone defects is challenging due to limitations of traditional treatments, leading to a focus on innovative solutions.
  • This study developed an injectable nanocomposite hydrogel (G@Lap/VEGF) that combines Laponite and vascular endothelial growth factor to enhance bone regeneration while optimizing injectability and delaying growth factor release.
  • Results showed that G@Lap/VEGF significantly improved bone healing in rats, highlighting its potential for future clinical applications in bone repair.
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Microtubule nucleation is templated by the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC), but its structure deviates from the geometry of α-/β-tubulin in the microtubule, explaining the complex's poor nucleating activity. Several proteins may activate the γ-TuRC, but the mechanisms underlying activation are not known. Here, we determined the structure of the porcine γ-TuRC purified using CDK5RAP2's centrosomin motif 1 (CM1).

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  • Protein kinases are crucial in cell development processes like proliferation and survival, and their inhibitors are key anticancer treatments, though limited by drug resistance and off-target effects.
  • Anticancer peptides from marine organisms have emerged as a promising new approach, with some showing the ability to inhibit protein kinases effectively.
  • This mini review highlights recent advancements in marine-derived anticancer peptides, particularly those targeting resistant cancer cells and explores the challenges and future potential for these peptides as cancer therapies.*
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Background: No intervention definitively extends transplant-free survival in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), may enhance PSC prognosis, but their efficacy is debated.

Methods: We analyzed HMGCR single-nucleotide polymorphisms from published genome-wide association studies using Mendelian randomization to assess the causal relationship between HMGCR and PSC risk.

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